56.
(p. 195)
A game in which one person tries to trap the other in a mistake, a lie, or some other type of
negative situation is known as a _____ game.
A.
“harried”
B.
“now I’ve got you”
C.
“wooden leg”
D.
“my excuses are better than yours”
57.
(p. 195)
A _____ game is also known as, “my excuses are better than yours.”
A.
“harried”
B.
“now I’ve got you”
C.
“wooden leg”
D.
“why don’t you…Yes, but”
58.
(p. 195)
A game in which excuses take the place of a job well done is known as a _____ game.
A.
“wooden leg”
B.
“why don’t you…Yes, but”
C.
“harried”
D.
“now I’ve got you”
59.
(p. 195)
Sally works part-time at a book store. She is always busy playing multiple roles at home
and work. She takes on everything and even asks for more. She agrees with her
supervisor’s criticisms as well. However, whenever her colleagues ask her to join them for a
dinner or a weekend party, she refuses by saying she has a lot of work that still needs to be
done. Which of the following games is Sally playing in this scenario?
A.
B.
A “wooden leg” game
C.
A “harried” game
D.
A “now I’ve got you” game
60.
(p. 195)
Which of the following can be seen as a large game in an organization that contains many
combinations of games?
A.
Office politics
B.
Egocentrism
C.
Grapevine
D.
Rumor mill
Fill in the Blank Questions
61.
(p. 182)
Earlier, people assumed that intelligence was a _____ concept of just reasoning ability,
measured by standardized tests.
one-dimensional
62.
(p. 183)
A person who excels in _____ has a knack for seeing how elements fit together in space.
spatial reasoning
63.
(p. 184)
In the context of the eight areas of intelligence, athletes and dancers are examples of
people who excel in ____.
movement/kinesthetic intelligence
64.
(p. 184)
_____ intelligence primarily deals with one’s ability to understand and deal with the world of
people.
Interpersonal
65.
(p. 184)
_____ intelligence means knowledge of yourself.
Intrapersonal
66.
(p. 184)
The person who is high in _____ intelligence has an understanding of nature and natural
processes.
naturalist
67.
(p. 185)
Daniel Goleman showed that _____ intelligence is a much better predictor of success in
nearly every area of life, not always including academic success.
emotional
68.
(p. 185)
According to Daniel Goleman, the _____ mind is aware of reality and which allows us to
ponder and reflect.
rational
69.
(p. 185)
_____ is a learned capability based on emotional intelligence that results in outstanding
performance at work.
Emotional competence
70.
(p. 186)
According to Daniel Goleman, there are two types of emotional competence: personal
competence and _____ competence.
social
71.
(p. 189)
_____ means standing up for your rights without threatening the self–esteem of others.
Assertiveness
72.
(p. 190)
When Jade’s colleague pointed out to her that she was running late for a meeting, Jade
responded: “Well, unlike you, I don’t have much free time. I am up to my neck buried in
work!” Jade is using _____ as a defensive reaction.
counterattack
73.
(p. 190)
A person who uses a _____ defensive approach seems to be shutting down.
passive-aggressive
74.
(p. 191)
Creating a distraction as a defensive behavior is called using a ____, because it introduces
a point or fact that is irrelevant to the issue at hand.
“red herring”
75.
(p. 193)
In the context of scripts, _____ tell you that men don’t cry, women cook and clean houses,
and men should be able to fix cars.
gender scripts
8-17
76.
(p. 193)
In the context of transactional analysis, a _____ is an encounter between two people that
produces a “payoff” for the one who starts the game, at the expense of the other player.
game
77.
(p. 195)
The _____ game is also known as “my excuses are better than yours.”
“wooden leg”
78.
(p. 195)
The _____ game focuses primarily on making excuses.
“wooden leg”
79.
(p. 195)
The _____ game is played by someone who uses being “too busy” as an excuse not to
interact with others.
“harried”/”harried executive”
80.
(p. 195)
The _____ is a game in which one person tries to trap the other in a mistake, a lie, or some
other type of negative situation and if the player is successful in trapping the victim, he or
she usually feels justified in harming the person.
“now I’ve got you”
Short Answer Questions
81.
(p. 182)
List the eight intelligences identified by Howard Gardner.
The eight separate areas, identified by Howard Gardner, in which creative people put their
perceptiveness to work are, language, math and logic, music, spatial reasoning, movement,
interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, and naturalist intelligence.
82.
(p. 183)
Describe a person with verbal intelligence.
People who have verbal intelligence are gifted writers, poets, songwriters, and speakers. If
you love language and are fascinated by its meanings, expressions, and rhythms, your
intelligence falls into this area.
83.
(p. 183)
What are the abilities of a person with spatial reasoning intelligence?
A person who excels in this area has a knack for seeing how elements fit together in space.
This type of intelligence can be expressed by building things, or by something as simple as
perfecting the art of flying a hand glider. If you can picture how items will look if they are
rearranged, you have this strength.
84.
(p. 184)
What is the characteristic of a person with intrapersonal intelligence?
Intrapersonal intelligence means knowledge of yourself. A person with this type of
intelligence is introspective, or able to examine his or her own life and experiences.
85.
(p. 185)
What is the difference between the rational and the emotional mind.
Rational mind is aware of reality and allows us to ponder and reflect. The emotional mind is
powerful, impulsive, and sometimes illogical and allows us to perceive emotions.
86.
(p. 186)
What are the characteristic of people with effective personal competence?
People with effective personal competence are self-aware, motivated, and self-regulated.
Being self-regulated means being trustworthy, conscientious, and self-controlled. It also
means that they are adaptable and innovative.
87.
(p. 186)
Describe a person with social competence.
A socially competent person has empathy for others and has effective social skills. His or
her empathy includes a genuine desire to understand other people and to be sensitive to
political and social differences of others.
88.
(p. 186)
Elaborate on the concept of self-awareness.
Self-awareness is the ability to understand the way you are “coming off” to other people. A
person with healthy self-awareness can make decisions that others might describe as
“intuitive,” safely because he or she understands the reactions of other people toward him
or her. A self-aware person will know when he or she is seen as underrating or overrating
another person. In other words, such a person will have a clearer view of what other people
are really about.
89.
(p. 187)
How will a person with self-management skill perform at work?
A self-managed person will seldom, if ever, lose his or her temper or get involved in
shouting matches with other people. Coming to work with a bad mood from home is
another behavior less likely to happen with someone who has this group of skills mastered.
Finally, well self-managed people will not allow frustration to get the best of them.
90.
(p. 187)
How can a person improve his or her emotional intelligence (EI) level?
Emotional intelligence can be learned. One can learn, for example, to trade one set of
reflexes with another. We can improve our EI level by reviewing what we know about self–
awareness, carefully watching others whose social competence seems to be high, who
have social awareness skills that we don’t have but would like to attain, working actively on
improving our self-management skills, and developing relationship management skills.
91.
(p. 188)
When do “trigger thoughts” come to surface?
The trigger thoughts usually come to the surface when at least one of two things has
happened: (1) you are convinced that other people are to blame for deliberately and
unnecessarily causing you trouble or (2) you interpret the behavior of other people as
breaking the rules of appropriate behavior.
92.
(p. 188–
189)
What are the three damaging and negative results of anger?
(1) Anger blinds you in several ways. (2) Left unchecked, anger will grow. (3) Anger is often
based on fear of some type.
93.
(p. 189)
List five steps of controlling anger.
(1) Examine your anger to find the inner causes. (2) Learn to recognize your own
“flashpoints.” (3) Examine specifically what damage your anger has caused. (4) Work on
developing and using conflict management skills. (5) Get in touch with what types of things
help calm you down.
94.
(p. 189)
Describe the concept of assertiveness.
Assertiveness means standing up for your rights without threatening the self-esteem of the
other person involved.
95.
(p. 189–
190)
What is the difference between assertiveness and aggressiveness?
Assertiveness means standing up for your rights without threatening the self-esteem of the
other person while aggressiveness involves hurting others and putting them on the
defensive.
96.
(p. 191)
What are the steps that one can take to reduce defensiveness?
(1) Back off and cool down. (2) Use “I statements.” (3) Avoid absolute words such as
“always” and “never.” (4) Make positive assumptions about the other person or persons
involved. (5) Learn to separate your work from who you are.
97.
(p. 192)
Explain the concept of script that is used in transactional analysis.
Much of what we do and say in our daily lives is based on scripts that most people have
heard repeatedly as children. A psychological script is very much like a movie or theater
script. Like the ones in show business, your scripts have a cast of characters, dialogue,
acts, scenes, themes, and plots—but you didn’t write them yourself. Instead, they have
come from parents, other family members, friends, adult role models, the media, and
teachers—in short, from nearly all human influences during your first years of childhood.
98.
(p. 193)
What are the four basic categories of scripts?
Scripts can be divided into four basic categories: (1) Cultural scripts, (2) Family scripts, (3)
Religious scripts, and (4) Gender scripts.
99.
(p. 194)
What are the two characteristics that all games have in common?
Games have two characteristics: (1) At least one insincere statement per game; and, (2) A
payoff of some kind to at least one of the players.
100.
(p. 194)
Describe games in terms of their intensity.
In transactional analysis, categories of games are based on the intensity of play. First–
degree games are usually quite harmless, whereas a third-degree game can result in
physical injury. Second-degree games flirt with being harmful and often cause anger.