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Chapter 7
Multiple Choice
1. _____ is an example of context-based learning created and guided by companies.
a. Lecture
b. Mentoring
c. Coaching
d. Simulation
2. Which of the following is a presentation method of training?
a. On-the-job training
b. Lecture
c. Simulation
d. Case study
3. Lecture as a presentation method:
a. emphasizes active trainee involvement and feedback.
b. is an expensive and time-consuming way to communicate information.
c. can be easily employed with large groups of trainees.
d. allows for strong connection to the work environment and easy transfer of training.
4. Which of the following requires least participation from trainees?
a. Apprenticeship
b. Case study
c. Simulation
d. Audiovisual instruction
5. Which of the following statements is true of learning through videos?
a. When trainees learn through videos they have no control over their learning.
b. Video requires great knowledge of technology and equipment.
c. Trainees have access to videos even after a training session.
d. Program content in videos is affected by the interests and goals of the trainer.
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6. Which of the following statements is true of on-the-job training (OJT)?
a. It is a type of formal training.
b. OJT cannot be used for training newly hired employees.
c. Skills learned in OJT are easily transferred to the job.
d. OJT results in companies incurring high costs on materials and trainers’ salary.
7. Which of the following methods allows employees to take responsibility for all aspects of
learning, including when it is conducted and who will be involved in it?
a. Self-directed learning
b. Lecture
c. Apprenticeship
d. Business game
8. Development of effective self-directed learning typically begins with:
a. writing trainee-centered learning objectives directly related to the tasks.
b. conducting a job analysis to identify the tasks that must be covered.
c. developing content for the learning package.
d. developing an evaluation package.
9. Which of the following training methods involve assisting a certified tradesperson at the
work site?
a. Apprenticeships
b. Simulations
c. Business games
d. Role plays
10. Which of the following statements is true of the simulation training method?
a. Simulations cannot be used to teach management and interpersonal skills.
b. Simulators are inexpensive to develop.
c. Simulators need a one-time information update about the work environment.
d. Simulators need to have elements identical to those found in the work environment.
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11. A case study:
a. is a training method that replicates a physical equipment that employees use on a job.
b. is a description about how employees or an organization dealt with a difficult situation.
c. involves assisting a certified tradesperson (a journey worker) at the work site.
d. involves observing peers performing a job and then trying to imitate their behavior.
12. Which of the following statements is true of business games?
a. Business games are non-competitive.
b. In business games, trainees know for certain the consequences of their actions.
c. There are no limitations for participant behavior in business games.
d. In business games, several alternative courses of action are available to trainees.
13. _____ is based on the principles of social learning theory.
a. Standard lecture training
b. Simulation
c. Behavior modeling
d. Social media learning
14. Vicarious reinforcement is most relevant to _____.
a. simulations
b. behavior modeling
c. case studies
d. lectures
15. Which of the following statements is true of key behaviors in behavior modeling?
a. In behavior modeling, key behaviors can be performed in any order for a task to be
completed.
b. The development of general key behaviors promotes far transfer of training.
c. People learning interpersonal skills must develop more specific key behaviors rather
than general key behaviors.
Chapter 07 – Traditional Training Methods
d. Effective modeling displays present models engaging in positive use of key behaviors
but not negative use.
16. Key behavior practice sessions are most effective when they allow trainees to practice the
behaviors _____.
a. multiple times
b. in a large group
c. in a group where evaluation apprehension is high
d. without any feedback
17. Which of the following is the first stage of an experiential learning training program?
a. Take part in a behavioral simulation
b. Analyze the activity
c. Gain conceptual knowledge and theory
d. Connect the theory and activity with on-the-job or real-life situations
18. _____ refers to the training that a team manager or facilitator receives and involves training
them on ways to resolve conflict within the team.
a. Guided team self-correction
b. Scenario-based training
c. Team leader training
d. Cross training
19. _____ best prepares team members to step in and take the place of a member who may
temporarily or permanently leave the team.
a. Guided team self-correction
b. Cross training
c. Coordination training
d. Scenario-based training
Chapter 07 – Traditional Training Methods
20. _____ is a group building method that may include customers and vendors, and addresses
problems such as how to change the business and develop global leaders.
a. Action learning
b. Adventure learning
c. Cross training
d. Guided team self-correction
21. Six Sigma and Kaizen, black belt training programs, involve principles of:
a. adventure learning.
b. action learning.
c. vicarious reinforcement.
d. social learning theory.
22. Which of the following training methods is best suited for attitude learning outcomes?
a. On-the-job training
b. Self-directed learning
c. Apprenticeship
d. Role play
23. The first and the most important step in choosing a training method is to identify the:
a. cost related to the training method.
b. type of learning outcome the training should influence.
c. effectiveness rating of the training method.
d. time required to complete the training method.
24. Which of the following statements with regard to comparison of training methods is true?
a. There is considerable overlap between learning outcomes across the training methods.
b. Group building methods focus solely on team learning and not on individual learning.
c. Presentation methods provide a better learning environment and transfer of training
than the hands-on methods.
d. Companies that have a larger budget for training programs should choose a presentation
method over a hands-on method.
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25. If companies have a limited budget for developing new training methods, the most
appropriate hands-on training method will be _____.
a. simulation
b. team training
c. on-the-job training
d. action learning
True/ False
1. Context-based learning is unique to an employee’s needs.
a. True
b. False
2. The competencies that are developed through social learning are typically not necessary for
successful performance of one’s job.
a. True
b. False
3. Social contextual learning consists of formal training activities designed and developed by
a company.
a. True
b. False
4. Presentation methods are methods in which trainees are active participants in training.
a. True
b. False
5. Lecture is one of the most expensive and time-consuming training method.
a. True
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b. False
6. A potential disadvantage of a panel is that trainees who are relatively naive about a topic
may have difficulty understanding the important points.
a. True
b. False
7. Hands-on methods are training methods that do not require a trainee to be actively involved
in learning.
a. True
b. False
8. On-the-job training is considered informal because it does not occur as part of a training
program.
a. True
b. False
9. On-the-job training needs huge investment in time and money for materials, the trainer’s
salary, and instructional design.
a. True
b. False
10. In self-directed learning, trainers do not control or disseminate instruction.
a. True
b. False
11. Apprenticeships provide guarantee that jobs will be available to the trainee when the
program is completed.
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a. True
b. False
12. Case study is inappropriate for developing higher-order intellectual skills such as analysis,
synthesis, and evaluation.
a. True
b. False
13. Business games mimic the competitive nature of business.
a. True
b. False
14. In a role play, outcomes depend on the emotional reactions of other trainees.
a. True
b. False
15. Behavior modeling is more appropriate for teaching factual information or knowledge than
for teaching interpersonal skills.
a. True
b. False
16. In behavior modeling, key behaviors are typically performed in a specific order for a task
to be completed.
a. True
b. False
17. People learning interpersonal skills must develop specific key behaviors that are explained
in great detail.
Chapter 07 – Traditional Training Methods
a. True
b. False
18. Effective modeling displays presents models engaging in both positive use of key
behaviors and negative use.
a. True
b. False
19. Group building methods focus on individual as well as team learning.
a. True
b. False
20. Presentation methods of training are more effective than the hands-on methods.
a. True
b. False
Short Answer/Essay
1. What should an effective on-the-job (OJT) training program include?
Chapter 07 – Traditional Training Methods
2. Elaborate the process used for case development.
3. What activities do trainers need to engage before, during, and after a role play to make it
effective?
4. Mention the six characteristics of effective modeling displays.
Chapter 07 – Traditional Training Methods
5. Write a note on Kaizen.