Chapter 10 Creativity and Human Relations
True / False Questions
1.
(p. 234)
Business factors such as the number and quality of products created are affected strongly
by the creativity of the people in an organization.
TRUE
2.
(p. 235)
Creative people have flexibility and fluency in ideas, with the ability to know a good idea
from a bad one.
TRUE
3.
(p. 235)
Optimal experiences have an adverse effect on a person’s creativity.
FALSE
4.
(p. 236)
Csikszentmihalyi had discovered that people are least likely to feel flow while at work.
FALSE
5.
(p. 237)
Frank Barren is of the view that intuition primarily depends on verbal comprehension.
FALSE
6.
(p. 237)
Terman holds that a person has to be an academic genius to be creative.
FALSE
7.
(p. 237)
Creative people are usually average or above average in intelligence.
TRUE
8.
(p. 237)
True creativity requires divergent thinking.
TRUE
9.
(p. 238)
According to Arthur Koestler, habit is a stumbling block to creativity.
TRUE
10.
(p. 238)
Collective habits of thought typically increase curiosity in groups.
FALSE
11.
(p. 239)
Using the “childish” freedom of curiosity will decrease your creativity.
FALSE
12.
(p. 240)
The process of becoming an expert in any field is a good beginning point for creativity
because it takes practice and hard work to become an expert at anything.
TRUE
13.
(p. 240)
One of the characteristics of creative people is that they are more motivated by extrinsic
factors.
FALSE
14.
(p. 241)
Creativity does not do anyone much good if ideas aren’t followed through with action.
TRUE
15.
(p. 241)
The first part of dealing with a creativity issue involves creating a new concept.
FALSE
16.
(p. 243)
Work must be made rewarding, challenging, and fulfilling for a creative atmosphere to
exist.
TRUE
17.
(p. 245)
In the first stage of the brainstorming process, the members of the group criticize each
other’s ideas.
FALSE
18.
(p. 245)
Brainstorming is useful only for solving simple, well–defined problems.
FALSE
19.
(p. 246)
The nominal group method of group creativity discourages individual creativity within a
group framework.
FALSE
20.
(p. 246)
In the nominal group method, each employee puts his or her ideas down in writing.
TRUE
21.
(p. 246)
There is transparency in the nominal group method and the members of the group are
required to explain their ideas to the entire group.
FALSE
22.
(p. 246)
Extrinsic motivation is more powerful than intrinsic motivation in encouraging creativity.
FALSE
23.
(p. 247)
New problem-solving strategies will be attempts to extract the greatest number of quality
ideas from a group of people in a short time.
TRUE
24.
(p. 248)
The open mode is a state of mind where you are relaxed, expansive, less purposeful, and
more fun than in the everyday closed mode.
TRUE
25.
(p. 248)
To be creative, you need to constantly remain in the open mode.
FALSE
26.
(p. 248)
One of the biggest stumbling blocks to creativity is the belief that you somehow aren’t good
enough to create anything worthwhile.
TRUE
27.
(p. 249)
People settle for the one right answer out of a tendency to grab the first idea that comes to
mind.
TRUE
28.
(p. 249)
The either/or fallacy helps a person to arrive at creative solutions to problems.
FALSE
10-5
29.
(p. 250)
The Aslan phenomenon refers to situations in which people break existing rules to arrive at
creative ways of doing a task.
FALSE
30.
(p. 251)
According to Roger von Oech, one of the “mental locks” that keep people from being
creative is “being practical.”
TRUE
Multiple Choice Questions
31.
(p. 234)
Creativity is best described as:
A.
a practice of turning an irrational belief into an imagined disaster.
B.
a type of spontaneous group discussion to help find multiple solutions to problems.
C.
the ability to come up with original and effective solutions.
D.
the process of changing behavior because of a reward or lack of a reward.
32.
(p. 234)
Which of the following observations is true of creativity?
A.
Little “c” refers to the creativity that is reserved for truly great ideas that change our
lives.
B.
C.
A person needs to understand himself or herself to understand creativity.
D.
Creative ideas need not be original.
33.
(p. 235)
Psychologist Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi describes creative people as:
A.
having big “C” creativity instead of “little c” creativity.
B.
having high IQ but low EQ.
C.
having original ideas but lacking the ability to know a good idea from a bad one.
D.
having flexibility and fluency in ideas.
34.
(p. 235)
According to Csikszentmihalyi, _____ refers to the pleasure derived from the creative
process of reaching a goal.
A.
intrinsic motivation
B.
optimal experience
C.
procrastination
D.
serendipity
35.
(p. 235)
Which of the following statements is true of optimal experiences?
A.
They are intensely enjoyable and stimulate creativity.
B.
They result from the pleasure felt by an individual on achieving a goal.
C.
They result from the established ways of seeing things.
D.
They are highly pleasurable and less demanding.
36.
(p. 235)
According to Csikszentmihalyi, which of the following is a component of the “flow
experience” when performing a task?
A.
The activity is challenging enough to defeat the person involved.
B.
The person’s attention is completely absorbed by the activity.
C.
The person is conscious of time and has a sense of self-awareness.
D.
The activity has a broad scope with no clear goals.
37.
(p. 236–
237)
Which of the following characteristics has been shown to be most important to creativity?
A.
Academic genius
B.
Scholastic ability
C.
Intuition
D.
High IQ
38.
(p. 237)
Which of the following is true of Lewis Terman’s study of intelligence, intelligence testing,
and creativity?
A.
Academic geniuses rarely succeeded in professional life.
B.
Creative people are typically above average in intelligence.
C.
Academic geniuses are not likely to be more creative than other people.
D.
All academic geniuses are involved in producing highly creative work.
39.
(p. 237)
Research has shown that true creativity results from:
A.
more than average IQ.
B.
indulging in groupthink.
C.
achieving academic excellence.
D.
divergent thinking.
40.
(p. 237)
According to psychologist Frank Barren, intuition mainly depends on:
A.
scholastic abilities.
B.
reasoning and verbal comprehension.
C.
feelings and metaphor.
D.
traditional intelligence.
41.
(p. 238)
What do groups need to get past if they want to increase their creativity?
A.
Divergent thinking
B.
Collective habits of thought
C.
Childish questioning
D.
Independent spirit
42.
(p. 240)
Which of the following is typically a characteristic of creative people?
A.
Academic genius
B.
Extrinsic motivation
C.
Independent spirit
D.
Conformity
43.
(p. 240)
A creative person is usually motivated by:
A.
the joy of the discovery process.
B.
the need to conform to social norms.
C.
extrinsic motivators.
D.
money and fame.
44.
(p. 241)
Which of the following psychologists described the four basic steps of the creativity
process?
A.
Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi
B.
Sigmund Freud
C.
Carl Jung
D.
Graham Wallas
45.
(p. 241)
The preparation stage of the creative process identified by Graham Wallas primarily
involves:
A.
transforming an idea into a solid, real concept.
B.
proving a newly created concept, product, or service to be worthwhile.
C.
making sure that you perceive the problem accurately.
D.
turning the ideas over and over in your mind until a breakthrough finally takes place.
46.
(p. 241)
Which of the following is the first stage of the creative process identified by Graham
Wallas?
A.
Incubation
B.
Perception
C.
Inspiration
D.
Verification
47.
(p. 242)
The incubation step of the creative process identified by Graham Wallas primarily involves:
A.
turning ideas over and over in your mind until a breakthrough finally takes place.
B.
ensuring that your way of seeing the particular part of the world you are dealing with is
useful and real.
C.
transforming the new solution to your problem into useful action.
D.
transforming your idea into a solid, real concept.
10–10
48.
(p. 242)
Which step of the creative process identified by Graham Wallas involves developing
creativity into a solid, real concept?
A.
Incubation
B.
Perception
C.
Verification
D.
Inspiration
49.
(p. 242)
Which of the following statements is true of the incubation step in the creative process
identified by Graham Wallas?
A.
It often includes research and experimentation.
B.
It is the first step of the creative process.
C.
It is in this step that a newly created concept is proven to be worthwhile.
D.
It is also known as the “illumination” step.
50.
(p. 242)
In which step of the creative process is a newly created concept, product, or service proven
to be worthwhile?
A.
Preparation
B.
Incubation
C.
Verification
D.
Illumination
51.
(p. 243)
Which of the following statements is true of creativity at the workplace?
A.
For creativity to emerge from a company or a department, the management should
encourage groupthink.
B.
An effective manager encourages creativity among employees by creating a climate of
deferred judgment.
C.
For the inception of any creative idea in the workplace, there has to be instances of
cognitive dissonance.
D.
The best way to ensure that there is a creative environment in a workplace is to hire
employees with high IQ.
52.
(p. 244)
According to Alan Robinson and Sam Stem, what can organizations do to encourage
serendipity?
A.
Provide extrinsic motivations
B.
Recruit employees with large “C” type creativity
C.
Encourage experimentation
D.
Organize more official activities
53.
(p. 245)
_____ is a type of spontaneous group discussion to help find multiple solutions for
problems.
A.
Brainstorming
B.
Groupthink
C.
System justification
D.
Force field analysis
54.
(p. 245)
Which of the following activities is typically a part of the first session of brainstorming?
A.
All ideas are analyzed and prioritized.
B.
Idea duplications are eliminated.
C.
All ideas are recorded.
D.
Everyone gives evaluative input.
55.
(p. 245)
Which of the following observations concerning the different sessions of the brainstorming
process is true?
A.
In the first session, everyone gives their evaluative input.
B.
In the first session, criticism of ideas is encouraged.
C.
In the second session, all ideas are recorded.
D.
In the second session, the adult part of everybody’s personality takes over.
56.
(p. 245)
Which of the following rules is applied in the second session of the brainstorming process?
A.
Hitchhiking on others’ ideas is encouraged.
B.
Participants return to rational mode.
C.
Silliness is encouraged.
D.
Participants speak in phrases.
57.
(p. 246)
Which of the following is a step typically involved in the nominal group method?
A.
Participants speak out various ideas in form of phrases.
B.
The group members hitchhike on each other’s ideas.
C.
Everyone is encouraged to be as wild and crazy as possible.
D.
Each group member rates the ideas suggested by the group members.