What caused “instant cities” to arise in the West in the late nineteenth century?
A) City builders rushed to the West to take advantage of the cheap land.
B) People rushed to the West for economic opportunities, and cities sprang up quickly.
C) Easterners were anxious to replicate the cities they had left and built quickly.
D) Building materials were so cheap that it made sense to build an entire city instantly
instead of letting it develop over time.
E) White settlers took over western settlements that had already been built by Native
Americans.
How did the end of the Spanish-American War impact the influence of the United
States on the world stage?
A) It gave the United States lands beyond its borders for the first time, making it an
imperial power.
B) It marked the United States’ first major military victory against a world power and
established America as an overseas empire.
C) It opened the Caribbean to the United States, giving it protectorates as with
European countries.
D) It led to the annexation of Hawaii, giving the United States a stronghold in the
Pacific and access to all of Asia.
E) It showed the rest of the world that the United States was militarily powerful and
diplomatically weak, like most other world powers.
Why did the new Constitution of 1787 call for the election of a president by an
Electoral College?
A) so that the people could directly vote for their president
B) because most voters were illiterate
C) so that the president would not be indebted to Congress for his office
D) so that no state would have more power than another
E) to prevent non-white males from voting
In comparison to male workers, female workers in the late 1800s ________.
A) received equal pay for equal work
B) moved into white collar jobs formerly monopolized by men
C) reaped the rewards of the industrial system
D) were respected as important income earners
E) generally had female managers
What was the main implication behind Black Codes?
A) Southerners were willing to allow African Americans legal equality.
B) Southerners wanted African Americans to return to positions of servitude.
C) Southerners were interested in improving the education of the freedmen.
D) The freedmen would be allowed to vote and participate in the political process.
E) The idea of ‘separate but equal” was unconstitutional and would not be allowed.
How did the role of children in American society change in the late nineteenth century?
A) Children were valued more as people who could contribute to the family and not just
as people to be left alone for many years.
B) Children were viewed less as “little adults” who should contribute to the family as
soon as possible, and viewed more as young people who needed years to grow up.
C) People began to think of children as less in need of general education and more in
need of vocational education tailored to the jobs they would eventually get.
D) Children were no longer thought of as “free help” and were instead paid for many of
the chores they did at home.
E) People began to understand the necessity for children to learn important skills as
apprentices and not just at home with their families.
How was Monroe’s statement in his first inaugural address that “no country was ever
happier with respect to its domain” contradicted by subsequent events?
A) If the U.S. was happy with respect to its domain, it would not have to expand to
obtain Florida or more land in the West.
B) If the U.S. was happy with respect to its domain, it would not have changed to a
market economy and begun industrialization outside of the home.
C) If the Great Lakes and the great rivers were important to the U.S., it would not have
built national roads.
D) The Great Lakes and great rivers ended up being of little value to the U.S. during the
early nineteenth century, causing the U.S. to seek more “domain.”
E) Because of poor relations with Native American tribes in the Great Lakes and great
rivers regions, the U.S. wasn”t truly happy with respect to its domain.
The most evident feature of democracy in America to European travelers was the
________.
A) American contribution
B) decline in the spirit of deference
C) participation of women in government
D) American election process
E) equality of former slaves
In the Dred Scott v. Sanford decision, which of the following was the one thing the
Supreme Court did NOT rule?
A) An African American could not be a citizen of the United States.
B) Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in federal territories.
C) The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
D) The Democratic platform was unconstitutional.
E) Slaves could not pursue justice through the court system.
Changes in higher education included all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) an increased number of colleges and universities
B) the first separate graduate schools
C) an increased emphasis on a classical curriculum
D) more educational opportunities for women
E) the new discipline of sociology was introduced
Anne Hutchinson’s skillful self-defense at her trial before the magistrates of
Massachusetts Bay was ruined by ________.
A) her affinity for the dictum of works
B) her claim of personal revelation
C) her reliance on the Scriptures
D) her rejection of free grace
E) the fact that she was female
President Lincoln’s Reconstruction plans were committed to _______.
A) punishing the South for provoking the Civil War
B) establishing racial equality for the freedmen
C) sharing decisions with Congress on Reconstruction policies
D) leniency towards the southern states to the Union
E) protecting the rights of African-American citizens
Which identifies an important effect of the violent slave rebellion of 1831?
A) White Southerners became more committed to quashing antislavery ideas.
B) Many slaves were freed because their masters were afraid to remain part of the
system.
C) Organized, violent rebellions began happening with more frequency.
D) White Southerners began to question the legitimacy of slavery.
E) Many slaves were sold to the West Indies to decrease the population in the South.
By the late 1600s, the gap between rich and poor in white Chesapeake society
________.
A) steadily shrank
B) steadily widened
C) remained unchanged
D) could not be estimated
E) is not mentioned by contemporary chroniclers
In the final analysis, Wilson’s domestic programs indicated _____.
A) his exclusive belief in New Freedom ideas
B) his outright opposition to Roosevelt’s New Nationalism
C) a blending of the two competing doctrines of progressivism
D) his failure as a progressive reformer
E) his determination to please as many voters as possible
The main diplomatic challenge facing James Monroe in 1820 was ________.
A) the continuing threat of English intervention in the United States
B) the development of trading rights with Latin America
C) establishing friendly relations with France
D) responding to the revolt of Spain’s Latin American colonies
E) the “Native American problem”
What could be said about the railroad industry by the end of the 1850s?
A) Railroads were struggling to remain active due to heavy financial losses.
B) Business was booming and railroads had transformed the economy.
C) Railroads had been largely replaced by canal transportation.
D) The railroad industry was still in its infancy.
E) The railroad industry was crippled by scandals and corruption.
The American contribution in World War I _____.
A) was minor when compared to that of the other Allies
B) although relatively small, was vital to Allied success
C) played a predominant role throughout the war
D) was much greater than that of the other Allies
E) came too late to be of any real assistance
Which is NOT true of royal governors in colonial America?
A) They had the power to dismiss judges.
B) They were military commanders-in-chief in each colony.
C) They had the power to appoint colonial officials.
D) They had the power to tax the colonists.
E) They had the right to veto legislation.
How was John Adams’s presidency made much more difficult?
A) He lacked experience with government.
B) Alexander Hamilton interfered and opposed him constantly.
C) Jefferson refused to cooperate with a Federalist president.
D) America continued to have problems with the British on the seas.
E) Adams could not communicate well with Jefferson.
The American bombing of North Vietnam in 1965 resulted in which of the following?
A) It proved an effective strategy, limiting North Vietnam’s participation in the war.
B) It destroyed North Vietnam’s major port facilities at Haiphong.
C) It greatly impeded communist supply lines to North Vietnam.
D) It garnered approval from the international community.
E) It was largely ineffective and did not stop the North Vietnamese.
What was the greatest single advantage that the United States and its allies had during
World War II?
A) The Allies began military confrontations with the Axis powers immediately, before
they could gain much ground in Europe or Asia.
B) The Allies were genuinely willing to work together to defeat their enemies, whereas
the Axis powers fought separate wars.
C) The Germans and the Japanese made slow progress in conquering more lands in
Europe and the Pacific.
D) All of the Axis powers suffered from ineffective leadership and poor strategizing,
which was a stark contrast to the Allies.
E) The Allies had such an overwhelming number of ground troops that Axis resistance
was highly ineffective.
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the depression of 1893?
A) It changed American ideas about government.
B) It created a bitter fight over currency.
C) It brought about an interest in activism around the country.
D) It led to the dominance of the Democratic Party.
E) It produced widespread business failures.
By 1935, Roosevelt’s severest critics were those _______.
A) who were members of the Supreme Court
B) accusing him of being a socialist
C) demanding more radical reforms
D) accusing him of ignoring foreign interests
E) scolding him for not helping African Americans
The development of brand names, chain stores, and mail order houses ________.
A) drove the prices of goods upward
B) confused consumers
C) had little effect on the buying public
D) created a gulf between consumer and producer
E) provided convenience and standardization
What was the most important result of the domestication of maize (corn), beans, and
squash by some Native American groups?
A) moving from nomadism to a settled lifestyle
B) no longer hunting mammals
C) the evolution of Indians into a single continental cultural unit
D) the disappearance of the Anasazi culture
E) a general move to the coasts
Approximately what percentage of the slave population gained freedom during the war
under the terms of the Emancipation Proclamation?
A) 1 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 60 percent
E) 100 percent
In October 1941, German U-boats sank the _______.
A) Liberty
B) Mayaguez
C) Reuben James
D) Lusitania
E) Jefferson
Why did Samuel Gompers oppose women in the American Federation of Labor?
A) He felt that women workers needed to be organized separately.
B) He believed that women should not work out of the home.
C) He feared that women would attempt to take leadership roles in the union.
D) He knew they could not afford the high initiation fees.
E) He said that women workers would lower the pay scales for men.
How did Adams influence the United States’ future land holdings?
A) He proposed a law in Congress to tax English imports at a high rate, generating
enough income to buy the Southwest from Spain.
B) He banned political parties, cooling passionate debates so that the nation could focus
on expansion.
C) He repaired relations with France and created a sense of trust so that the U.S. could
eventually purchase the Louisiana Territory.
D) He gave the U.S. Army permission to clear Native Americans from the lands, using
violence if necessary.
E) He appeased Britain with tax agreements and U.S. army assistance in the war against
France, so Britain gave the U.S. the land that is now Montana.
The Socialist party of America was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
_____.
A) a membership that included people from a variety of backgrounds
B) a leader able to unite the party
C) a cohesive platform and effective organization
D) an influence in rural areas in the South and the West
E) an impact on mayoral elections in more than thirty cities
Why has the nineteenth century been identified as “the century of the child”?
A) Parents began having more children, and larger families required more attention.
B) Parents had a new attitude towards childhood, and families became child-centered.
C) Medical advances made it possible for more children to survive to adulthood.
D) Children became a more important part of the labor force.
E) For the first time ever, children began to spend money in the economy.