Nineteenth century parents began using ________ instead of corporal punishment to
enforce good behavior among their children.
A) fear
B) praise
C) bribery
D) shame
E) humor
Americans responded to the first two years of the Obama presidency by ________.
A) consolidating support behind environmental policies to slow the rise of the oceans
B) increasing Democratic power in Congress in the “blue wave” election of 2010
C) demanding a dramatic increase in their income taxes to fund new government
programs
D) handing Obama a crushing, historic rebuke in the 2010 mid-term elections
E) forming violent Tea Party militias that staged takeover attempts across the nation
The radical American group that first emerged during the Stamp Act crisis was known
as ________.
A) the Loyalists
B) the Sons of Liberty
C) the Democratic Republicans
D) the Federalists
E) Oliver’s Raiders
The author of the Declaration of Independence was ________.
A) George Washington
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Samuel Adams
D) Patrick Henry
E) Thomas Jefferson
Why was the Battle of the Bulge an important battle during World War II?
A) It was the battle that drew the United States into the war.
B) It was Hitler’s first loss in the war, showing the world that he could be beaten.
C) It was the first time the Allies gained significant ground in Europe.
D) The Allies won the battle and immediately ended the war.
E) The engagement exhausted Hitler’s reserves and fatally weakened his army.
Lyndon Johnson must bear great responsibility for the American problems in the
Vietnam War because he ________.
A) failed to confront the American people with the stark reality of the war
B) was the first leader to commit American resources to fighting communists in
Vietnam
C) was not fully committed to containment and strayed from Kennedy’s foreign policy
D) was more committed to the containment policy than his predecessors had been
E) took funding away from the war effort to prop up his Great Society programs
The immigration legislation of the 1920s _____.
A) had no lasting effect
B) was opposed by the large corporations
C) encouraged immigration from underdeveloped countries
D) was the most enduring achievement of the rural counterattack
E) was quickly repealed in the 1930s
An indicator of the future strength of the Democratic Party was _____.
A) its success in the presidential race of 1924
B) the shift of urban voters to the party
C) an increase in the number of rural Democrats
D) the unpopularity of Republican presidents
E) a large number of women voters
What did the Nye Committee investigate?
A) war crimes committed during World War I
B) possible German spies in the United States
C) American munitions dealers
D) liberal antiwar activists
E) American communists
What was the main belief of the Radical Republicans?
A) that the process of Reconstruction should be completed quickly
B) that the South should be treated with sympathy and compassion
C) that Reconstruction policy should be initiated by the president
D) that there was an inherent equality between races
E) that southern society should be restructured before states were readmitted
Which of the following is the best characterization of the three presidents who held
office in the early 1900s?
A) Roosevelt was the most progressive of the three: conserving more land, instituting
more social reforms, and busting more trusts.
B) Wilson was the most progressive of the three: conserving more land, instituting more
social reforms, and busting more trusts.
C) Although Roosevelt and Wilson were more progressive, all three worked to regulate
business, conserve land, and institute social reforms.
D) Taft was the most progressive of the three: conserving more land, instituting more
social reforms, and busting more trusts.
E) They all worked on similar conservative programs: bank regulation, tariffs, and
income taxes.
Which of the following best characterizes the primary message of Jonathan Edwards’
preaching?
A) that a combination of good deeds and steadfast faith could bring salvation
B) that salvation would come through repentance only
C) that the eternal fate of individuals was determined at birth
D) that Old Light spokesmen were the only true possessors of truth
E) that people could redeem themselves by performing good works
What do we know about the sources of the witchcraft hysteria in Salem?
A) They are known to have been primarily economic.
B) They reflected the community’s underlying resistance to the teachings of Calvinism.
C) They lay in the community’s dislike of English authority.
D) They are likely the result of preexisting conflict.
E) They may have been related to the presence of real witches.
What did the Ostend Manifesto of 1854 accuse the Pierce administration of doing?
A) accepting bribes from southern plantation owners
B) conspiring with Northerners to make the U.S. a “free soil wasteland”
C) wanting to punish the working class through taxation
D) wanting to create a “Caribbean slave empire” by annexing Cuba
E) discriminating against recent immigrants through unfair voting laws
The weakness of the League of Nations was revealed when it did nothing after Italy
invaded _______.
A) Ethiopia
B) Libya
C) Egypt
D) Spain
E) Greece
The federal agency designed to assist former slaves in making the economic adjustment
to freedom was known as the _______.
A) Freedmen’s Bureau
B) Department of Education
C) African-American Rights Association
D) Liberty Association
E) Southern Reconstruction Agency
The most striking characteristic of the stock market in 1929 was _______.
A) the obsession with speculation among investors
B) the downward trend of major stocks early in the year
C) the government’s desire to carefully regulate the market
D) the heavy involvement of the majority of wage-earning Americans
E) the steady advancement through the decade
Booker T. Washington ________.
A) believed AfricanAmericans should fight for equal rights
B) had little hope for the future of African Americans in the American society
C) believed that self-help was the best plan for African Americans
D) emphasized the importance of higher education for African Americans
E) founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
As a result of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, _______.
A) segregation in the South ended almost immediately
B) the slow process of integrating schools began
C) the civil rights movement ended quietly
D) African-American students were fully accepted by white teachers
E) African Americans could finally be teachers in the South
Thomas Jefferson’s attitude toward Native Americans showed that he ________.
A) considered them to be expendable
B) was committed to preserving their way of life
C) found them to be savages unworthy of serious concern
D) respected them as people, and was impressed by their culture
E) wanted to try to assimilate them into the nascent culture of the United States
How did Reagan’s approach to the conflict in Nicaragua differ from Carter’s?
A) Carter refused to get involved; Reagan sent economic aid to the Sandinista
government.
B) Carter deployed ground troops to Nicaragua; Reagan implemented an airstrike
strategy.
C) Carter favored an airstrike strategy in Nicaragua; Reagan deployed ground troops
instead.
D) Carter sent troops to Nicaragua; Reagan gave economic aid to the Sandinista
government.
E) Carter gave economic aid to the Sandinista government; Reagan cut off that
economic aid.
How did the Watergate Scandal compare to previous presidential scandals?
A) Unlike previous scandals, Watergate was about lust rather than money.
B) Unlike previous scandals, Watergate was about power rather than money.
C) Unlike previous scandals, Watergate was about money rather than power.
D) Like previous scandals, Watergate was covered up and never revealed to the public.
E) Like previous scandals, Watergate demonstrated the inefficacy of journalism.
________ came to symbolize the triumph of democracy in the 1820s.
A) Henry Clay
B) John C. Calhoun
C) Daniel Webster
D) Martin Van Buren
E) Andrew Jackson
What did resistance within Jackson’s own cabinet suggest about his attack on the
national bank?
A) The cabinet resistance suggested that Jackson was a tyrant who would brook no
competition.
B) The cabinet resistance suggested that withdrawing funds from the national bank and
depositing it in state banks was probably unconstitutional.
C) The cabinet resistance suggested that killing the bank was a politically risky act that
might damage future Senatorial aspirations.
D) The cabinet resistance shows that Jackson was a charismatic leader who orchestrated
his actions with the same precision with which he lead his army.
E) The cabinet resistance demonstrated that Jackson was a weak president with
Congress and the Supreme Court despite his popular appeal.
The president most closely identified with the Era of Good Feeling was ________.
A) James Monroe
B) James Madison
C) John Quincy Adams
D) Thomas Jefferson
E) Andrew Jackson
Which territory caused the most debate about the merits of the United States acquiring
an empire?
A) Guam
B) Hawaii
C) Puerto Rico
D) the Philippines
E) the Dominican Republic
In what way did the National Reclamation Act of 1902 help settlement in the West?
A) It restricted immigration from Asia and parts of Europe so that there would be more
land for Easterners moving west.
B) It reclaimed hundreds of acres of land from Native Americans and made it available
to white settlers.
C) It restricted cattle to specific areas of land, so that farmers would have more land for
cultivation.
D) It gave 160 acres of land to anyone who would pay a registration fee and cultivate
the land for five years.
E) It financed irrigation projects, such as dams and canals, which brought water to the
area.
What theory did Henry Ford use to derive his company’s enormous revenues?
A) sell cheap, low-quality goods
B) sell goods made with old-fashioned methods of production
C) sell goods made in low-volume, but of high-quality
D) sell a large volume of goods with a small unit profit on each
E) sell only high-priced, luxury goods
How did Reagan challenge the liberal premises of the New Deal?
A) Reagan asserted that the federal aid programs established under the New Deal had
actually worsened the Great Depression.
B) Reagan abolished all federal aid programs, leaving it entirely up to individual states
to provide social services.
C) Reagan expanded the New Deal programs, demonstrating that they had not been
extensive enough or helpful enough.
D) Reagan asserted that the private sector should solve America’s problems rather than
the federal government.
E) Reagan wanted the federal government to take a more active role in helping America
than it had during the New Deal.
What campaign pledge did President George H. W. Bush have to break in 1990?
A) not to cooperate with Russian leader Gorbachev
B) not to lead America into war
C) not to raise taxes
D) to end the Cold War
E) to prohibit discrimination against the disabled
Beginning in 1696, the ________ settled disputes that occurred at sea.
A) House of Commons
B) Lords of Trade
C) Board of Trade
D) Privy Council
E) vice-admiralty courts
In what way can Jazz Age activities be seen as an effect of the economic growth of this
period?
A) The boom in consumer goods resulted in people turning away from sports and
entertainment to spend their leisure time shopping.
B) The rise in industry led to the construction of the first local transit systems, which
made it easier for Americans to attend cultural events.
C) Increased standards of living provided the middle class with disposable income to
spend on an increasing variety of diversions.
D) The uniformity and austerity of mass production was reflected in the era’s culture,
which became more straitlaced and buttoned down.
E) Business leaders and laborers became preoccupied with making money, which left
little time for leisure activities or other diversions.
How did Richard Hakluyt keep the dream of colonizing America alive?
A) He explored the New World and brought exotic products back to England.
B) He interviewed explorers and told their stories in a popular book.
C) He started a successful colony that made reasonably good profits.
D) He wrote a work on the variety and cultural diversity of Native Americans.
E) He wrote a fictional story about a settlement but claimed it was a factual account.
In his health care program, President Lyndon Johnson secured ________.
A) free health care for all Americans
B) the Medicare program for the elderly
C) more rights for private insurance companies
D) a restriction on health benefits for welfare recipients
E) a free prescription drug program
What triggered Thomas Jefferson’s decision to make the Louisiana Purchase?
A) Spain closed the port of New Orleans to American commerce.
B) Great Britain invaded Cuba.
C) The citizens of New Orleans petitioned him to do so.
D) Napoleon sent troops to the Dominican Republic.
E) Jefferson realized that the U.S. would gain Florida as well.