Archaeological theory aims to explain the past as well as to
a. change it.
b. change our understanding of it.
c. describe it.
d. alter it.
The first archaeologists were
a. historians.
b. mathematicians.
c. adventurers.
d. physicists.
The accumulation over a long period of time of minor differences in learned behavior.
a. cultural selection
b. normative view of culture
c. inevitable variation
d. phase
Tawantinsuyu, “The Land of the Four Quarters,” is a name used for
a. the tropical rain forest of Upper Amazonia.
b. the desert area where Chinese civilization developed.
c. Southern Peru.
d. the Inka empire.
One of the earliest plants to be domesticated in the northern parts of Southeast Asia and
southern China was
a. wheat.
b. rice.
c. corn.
d. barley.
Plays a vital role in archaeology by inferring that a relationship exists between
the similar types of human activities of the past to those of today.
a. analogy
b. inductive reasoning
c. diffusion
d. functionalism
The Anglo-Saxon ruler Raedwald was buried in Sutton Hoo in a
a. pyramid.
b. castle.
c. ship.
d. tree.
The primary means by which we adapt to our natural environment is
a. society.
b. government.
c. culture.
d. biology.
The suborder of primates which includes lemurs and tarsiers.
a. anthropoids
b. primates
c. prosimians
d. pongids
The assumption that there is considerable uniformity within a culture at any time.
a. normative view of culture
b. inductive reasoning
c. general systems theory
d. multilinear cultural evolution
The text lists a number of features, which are characteristic of
pre-industrial civilizations. Which of the following is NOTa characteristic mentioned in
the text?
a. societies with small, very simple social organizations
b. economies based on the centralized accumulation of capital and social status
c. advances toward formal record keeping, science, and mathematics
d. some form of all-embracing state religion
The definition of rachis.
a. the brittle joint attaching wild grain to the stem
b. the method of gathering wild grains by ancient southwestern Asians
c. the earliest cultivated form of barley
d. the trade route across southwestern Asia used for transporting barley
Societies where groups or classes have unequal access to the means of production are
referred to as
a. social stratification.
b. social ranking.
c. social inequality.
d. social pattern.
The candelabra model that states Homo erectus populations evolved independently
throughout the world.
a. multiregional model
b. continuity model
c. out of Africa model
d. single source model
Of all the types of archaeologists, which works on archaeological sites and problems
from periods in which written records exist?
a. historical archaeologists
b. paleoanthropologists
c. classical archaeologists
d. Egyptologists
Sometimes referred to as “landscapes of memory.”
a. industrial landscapes
b. cultural landscapes
c. memorial landscapes
d. landscape signatures
Pukara
a. was a major center northwest of Lake Titicaca.
b. was confined to the Northern Titicaca Basin.
c. had widespread trade connections with other communities.
d. all of the above
Research has revealed that the Aegean Sea obsidian trade in the Mediterranean was
a. commercial.
b. competitive.
c. unprofitable.
d. none of the above
Homo sapiens are capable of passing on knowledge and ideas through
a. ritual.
b. language.
c. artifacts.
d. beliefs.
Cemetery researchers are more concerned with general patterns of
a. social organization.
b. personal interactions.
c. interactions between groups struggling for power.
d. interactions between religious groups.
He invaded the northwest in 516 B.C.
a. Alexander the Great
b. Chandragupta Maurya
c. King Darius
d. Asoka
Tollund Man was a human sacrifice of the early
a. Protestant era.
b. Christian era.
c. Minoan era.
d. Jewish era.
Although we don”t know when humankind separated from the nonhuman primates, we
do know humans and apes diverged from monkeys in
a. Asia.
b. Australia.
c. Europe.
d. Africa.
In Mayan cities, a doorway to the other world.
a. mountains
b. trees
c. temples
d. pyramids
mtDNA is inherited only through the
a. paternal line.
b. maternal line.
c. fraternal line.
d. sororal line.
The physically bounded portions of a site that contain a distinct assemblage, which
serve to distinguish the culture of the inhabitants of a particular land.
a. horizons
b. traditions
c. phases
d. components
The earliest Inka rulers were probably sinchi, or
a. foreigners.
b. powerful elders.
c. young males, related by marriage.
d. petty war leaders.
Scavenging or simple spear hunting is believed to result in this age profile.
a. catastrophic
b. attritional
c. actual
d. representational
A Mayan city-state in the southern lowlands, its ceremonial precinct covered about
2 square kilometers; its residential area covered 20 square kilometers.
a. Calakmul
b. Palenque
c. Tikal
d. Copn
The Toltec ruler Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl moved the capital to Tollan, or “The Place of
a. Fire.”
b. Gold.”
c. Gods.”
d. Reeds.”
All paleoanthropologists agree that Homo erectus evolved in tropical
a. Africa.
b. Asia.
c. Europe.
d. Egypt.
The Chinese called the lower Mekong region Funan, which meant “the port of
a thousand
a. ships.”
b. lakes.”
c. rivers.”
d. people.”