The system of behavior in which every individual participates is the
a. cultural environment.
b. cultural process.
c. cultural condition.
d. cultural system.
Interpretation based on developing specific hypotheses using induction and then testing
the hypotheses against data.
a. scientific method
b. inductive reasoning
c. deductive reasoning
d. experimental archaeology
One of the tasks of a beginning teacher of archaeology is to
a. recruit people to the field.
b. create an “in-group” who knows about radiocarbon testing.
c. create what the National Science Foundation calls “an informed citizenry.”
d. teach all you know about American archaeology.
By 2 million years ago, there were probably several species of early Homo. For
convenience, they can all be grouped under a single species,
a. Homo sapiens.
b. Homo australopithecus.
c. Homo habilis.
d. Homo erectus.
Context is
a. the two-dimensional measurement of an artifact.
b. the three-dimensional location of an artifact.
c. the exact position of a find in time and space.
d. the cultural model necessary for understanding the usefulness of an artifact.
The earliest appearance of a stone-carving tradition at Lake Titicaca is located at
a. Chiripa.
b. Lima.
c. Pisco.
d. Sipan.
Archaeologists reconstruct ancient lifeways from
a. human bones.
b. artifacts.
c. environmental data.
d. several sources.
The maker of the Acheulian hand ax had to envision its
a. purpose.
b. value.
c. strength.
d. shape.
Means “small stone.”
a. megalith
b. microlith
c. artifact
d. ecofact
Which shows that humans melded the living and spiritual worlds at least 30,000 years
ago?
a. Maya pottery
b. Inca stonework
c. Maya pyramids
d. Ice Age cave art
NOT one of the personal qualities of archaeologists.
a. adaptability
b. wealth
c. enthusiasm
d. a sense of humor
Most of this is confined to replicating ancient technologies.
a. experimental archaeology
b. descriptive method
c. ethnoarchaeology
d. processual archaeology
The death of Rameses III marks the beginning of this period.
a. Middle Kingdom
b. New Kingdom
c. Late period
d. Archaic period
One of the largest and most complex digs ever undertaken in North America.
a. Avebury
b. Koster
c. Lascaux
d. Ur
These animals destroy the backbones and hip bones of an animal they are eating.
a. lions
b. humans
c. hyenas
d. chimpanzees
The ends of limb bones, commonly used to determine the age of an animal at death.
a. marrow
b. epiphyses
c. cartilage
d. shaft
According to the text, a city can be defined by its population. A generally used
rule-of-thumb is a lower limit of ________ people for a city.
a. 100,000
b. 50,000
c. 10,000
d. 5,000
During the height of the last Ice Age glaciation, sea levels were
a. 300 ft. lower than today.
b. 300 ft. higher than today.
c. 900 ft. lower than today.
d. 900 ft. higher than today.
Non-intrusive archaeology refers to archaeology without
a. excavation.
b. an archaeological record.
c. tells.
d. landscape signatures.
Which is NOT one of the 3 predynastic kingdoms that dominated the Nile?
a. Naqada
b. Ur
c. Nekhen
d. This
The last area that supported big game hunting in North America was
a. the Great Plains.
b. the Pacific northwest.
c. Mexico.
d. the California coast.
The Inka society was divided into how many age divisions for the purpose of census
and tax assessment?
a. 4
b. 8
c. 12
d. 24
Reconstructing the “reduction sequence” is involved in the analysis of this.
a. dust
b. debitage
c. core
d. blank
Most scholars now agree that three elements of Vere Gordon Childe’s
“Urban Revolution” were of great importance in the development of all of the world’s
early civilizations. Which of the following is NOT one of the three elements?
a. large food surpluses
b. diversified farming communities
c. monotheistic religion
d. irrigation agriculture
The correct order for the process of archaeological research:
a. discovery, research design, analysis, data collection, publication, interpretation
b. discovery, research design, data collection, publication, analysis, interpretation
c. research design, discovery, analysis, data collection, publication, interpretation
d. discovery, research design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, publication
Sacred places are often symbolized in many different forms to resemble
a. the sea.
b. a cave or mountain.
c. dunes.
d. trees.
Chavn is a maze of subterranean passages and water channels, a shrine where rituals of
transformation turned ___________ into animals such as the jaguar, transformations
depicted on the temple walls.
a. humans
b. cat
c. dog
d. bird
The rock painting of the Southern African artists depict
a. human hands.
b. elaborate ceremonies.
c. spirit beings.
d. scenes of fishing.
The lost city of the Inkas.
a. Sipan
b. Machu Picchu
c. Cerro Baul
d. Lima
The thousands of mummies buried in the Puruchucho-Huaquerones cemetery are
decomposing because they are located beneath
a. a flooding riverbed.
b. a melting glacier.
c. a shantytown.
d. volcanic ash.
“Archaeology of mind.”
a. cognitive archaeology
b. cultural ecology
c. postprocessual archaeology
d. processual archaeology
The Olsen-Chubbuck site is an example of this kind of site.
a. kill site
b. living site
c. ceremonial site
d. burial site