Chapter 2 Test Questions
Multiple Choice
1. Although it is believed that all people, regardless of their time and place in history, have cared for their
young and prepared them for life, the greatest impetus for a more formal type of education was the
development of
a. suburbs.
b. agriculture.
c. oral traditions.
d. written communication.
2. A period of Greek history in which sufficiently great strides were made in human achievement to
generate an organized concern for formal education is
a. Age of Pericles.
b. Spartan War.
c. Athenian Principles.
d. Roman Education.
3. Education centered on ideals such as courage, patriotism, obedience, cunning, and physical strength
was indicative of
a. Sparta.
b. Athens.
c. Rome.
d. Versailles.
4. A way of teaching that centers on the use of questions by the teacher to lead students to a certain
conclusion is
a. cooperative learning.
b. Socratic method.
c. direct instruction.
d. authentic assessment.
5. The earliest known roots of the humanist movement in education are found in the writings of
a. Socrates.
b. Plato.
c. Aristotle.
d. Quintilian.
6. The period during which the importance of human learning and knowledge was deemphasized in
western civilization is called the
a. Reformation.
b. Dark Ages
c. Renaissance.
d. Enlightenment.
7. A medieval curriculum that consisted of the trivium and the quadrivium was
a. normal schools.
b. Socratic method.
c. seven liberal arts.
d. dame schools.
8. The logical and philosophical study of the beliefs of the church is
a. behaviorism.
b. progressivism.
c. conservatism.
d. scholasticism.
9. All of the following were medieval universities and forerunners of our modern universities EXCEPT
a. Harvard University.
b. University of Bologna.
c. Oxford University.
d. University of Paris.
10. The period during which individuals protested against the dogmatic authority the church exerted over
their social and intellectual life was the
a. Dark Ages.
b. Medieval Ages.
c. Renaissance.
d. Reformation.
11. The movement that represented a reaction against certain beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church,
particularly those that discouraged learning was
a. Dark Ages.
b. Medieval Ages.
c. Renaissance.
d. Reformation.
12. The priest who was responsible for the formal beginning of the Protestant Reformation was
a. Martin Luther.
b. Erasmus.
c. Vittorino da Feltre
d. Ignatius of Loyola.
13. The 17th century English educator who believed in the of idea of tabula rasa, or blank slate of a child’s
mind which could be imprinted upon by education was
a. Martin Luther.
b. John Locke.
c. Comenius.
d. Voltaire.
14. The French philosopher who laid the groundwork for the foundations for rationalism was
a. Rene Descartes.
b. John Locke.
c. Comenius.
d. Erasmus.
15. All of the following are axioms of rationalism EXCEPT
a. truth was a result of divine inspiration.
b. reason was supreme.
c. laws of nature were invariable.
d. truth could be verified empirically.
16. A period during which the idea developed that common people should receive at least a basic
education as a means to a better life was the
a. Dark Ages.
b. Renaissance.
c. Emergence of Common Man.
d. Reformation.
17. The belief that education must be a natural process and that children and children are inherently good
are tents of
a. rationalism.
b. behaviorism.
c. naturalism.
d. constructivism.
18. All of the following are steps of the Herbartian teaching method EXCEPT
a. preparation.
b. assessment.
c. generalization.
d. application.
19. The first kindergarten was established by
a. Froebel.
b. Pestalozzi.
c. Rousseau.
d. Locke.
20. In early America, common religious views, town life, and a large middle class made it possible for the
people to agree on common public schools in
a. all of the colonies.
b. Southern colonies.
c. Middle colonies.
d. Northern colonies.
21. Social and economic conditions were most favorable for the development of schools in which of the
following cities during colonial times?
a. Boston, MA
b. New York, NY
c. Philadelphia, PA
d. Charleston, SC
22. The purpose of Latin Grammar Schools was to
a. provide education for all boys and girls in a town.
b. prepare boys for admission to college.
c. provide training for workers for industry.
d. prepare students for government service.
23. Colonial elementary schools had objectives that were primarily
a. commercial.
b. economic.
c. political.
d. religious.
24. The failure of the monitorial schools, that existed between 1805 and 1840, could be used as evidence
for educators today that
a. humanistic approaches to education are not successful.
b. hands-on strategies for learning are too time consuming.
c. students cannot learn when class sizes are too large.
d. schools can be operated as efficient businesses.
25. Which of the following is a direct ancestor of the high schools in existence in the United States today?
a. the Latin Grammar School
b. the American Academy of Benjamin Franklin
c. the Monitorial School
d. the English Classical School
26. The American Academy opened by Benjamin Franklin in Philadelphia in 1751 was most like which
one of the following present-day schools?
a. an elementary school
b. an exclusive college preparatory school
c. a contemporary high school with a vocational track
d. a magnet school concentrating on science
27. African Americans were first allowed to develop their literacy skills in
a. organized churches.
b. schools set up by plantation owners.
c. the north.
d. their cabins after work was completed each evening.
28. All of the following statements about Frederick Douglass are true EXCEPT
a. he learned to make fluent speeches by listening to his master.
b. he thought that attempts to combine liberal and vocational education for African Americans had
failed.
c. he advocated concentrating solely on vocational education for African Americans.
d. he believed African Americans would benefit from a liberal education.
29. All of the following statements about John Chavis are true EXCEPT
a. he was born a free man in North Carolina.
b. he was a successful teacher of aristocratic whites.
c. he founded a school for slaves in Virginia.
d. he advanced rapidly as a student at Princeton.
30. The major contribution of Prudence Crandall was that she
a. established an early boarding school in Boston.
b. admitted young African American girls to her school.
c. established a kindergarten program based on Froebel’s views.
d. instructed African American boys in the fine arts.
31. One of the first female seminaries to offer an educational program equal to those offered to boys was
a. Benjamin Franklin’s academy in Philadelphia.
b. Mary Lyon’s school in Mount Holyoke.
c. Emma Willard’s school in Troy, New York.
d. Julia and Elias Mark’s South Carolina Collegiate Institute.
32. All of the following statements about Ella Flagg Young are true EXCEPT
a. she was a student of John Dewey.
b. she established the Chicago Female Seminary.
c. she was the head of the Cook County Normal School.
d. she was the first female president of the National Education Association.
33. The right for private schools to exist was confirmed by court decisions when the state tried to take
over control of
a. Dartmouth College.
b. Harvard University.
c. William and Mary College.
d. Yale University.
34. The Constitutional Amendment allowing women the right to vote is the
a. Fourth.
b. Tenth.
c. Twelfth.
d. Nineteenth.
35. An educational institution operated and controlled by a religious denomination is
a. parochial.
b. public.
c. magnet.
d. charter.
Chapter 2 Test Questions
Short Answer
1. Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and Quintilian were all philosophers who made significant contributions to
education even though they lived two thousand years ago. Choose any two of these philosophers.
Compare their views and illustrate how they have affected education in modern times. (Learning
Outcome 2.2)
2. The two historical periods known as the Age of Reason and the Emergence of the Common Man both
had a profound effect on education in today’s schools. Compare and contrast these two periods and
outline three ways in which the ideas from these periods are evident in the educational practices and
strategies of today. (Learning Outcome 2.3)
3. Compare and contrast the economic and social conditions, and the distribution of populations in the
southern, middle, and northern colonies. Explain how these conditions affected the development of
education in each of the three regions. (Learning Outcome 2.4)
4. Describe how each of the following contributed to the evolution of advanced education for African
Americans and analyze the significance of the contributions of each. (Learning Outcome 2.5)
a) John Chavis
b) Booker T. Washington
c) Mary McLeod Bethune
5. Women have not always enjoyed free and equal access to education in the United States. Choose two
women who have contributed to the achievement of equality and describe their contributions. Explain
how the improvements you discussed helped to improve the situation for all women. (Learning
Outcome 2.5)
Chapter 2 Answer Key
Multiple Choice
Chapter 2 Answer Key
Short Answer
