History Chapter 12 American Belief Equality And Democracy Question Details

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Student name:__________

1) What distinguished Mormonism from main-line Christian Evangelicalism?

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : manual

2) What were Charles Finney’s new measures? How did they strengthen revivalism?

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : manual

3) What was “true womanhood”? Describe how the concept became important during this

period.

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Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : manual

4) Give three examples of how the middle-class family changed in this period. How was the

middle-class family different from the family in earlier periods?

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Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : manual

5) Why did the temperance movement enjoy such widespread support? Among the reasons

you list, which do you think was most important?

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Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : manual

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6) How did revivalism help people adjust to the market?

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Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : manual

7) How did Romanticism contribute to American values? How did it strengthen the reform

impulse?

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : manual

8) Describe the range of antislavery positions, and mention at least three people who

exemplified those different positions.

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Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : manual

9) Consider the following statement: “Revival audiences responded to the call for reform

partly because they were unsettled by the era’s rapid social changes.” Describe these social

changes and how revivalism addressed them. Do you find the argument convincing? Why or

why not?

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Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : manual

10) What was the cult of domesticity? Do you believe that ideal helped or hurt the position of

women in American society? Support your argument with specific examples of how the new

ideal affected women’s lives.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : manual

11) Give three examples of reform movements that turned to political action to accomplish

their goals. Why did these movements turn to political action? How did this represent a departure

from earlier ideals?

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Learning Objective : Explain how the temperance and abolitionist movements created instability in the

Topic : Reform Shakes the Party System

Gradable : manual

12) List three utopian communities and three humanitarian reform movements in the

Jacksonian era. Pick one from each group and compare their approaches to reform.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : manual

13) Historians have seen the reform movements of the 1830s and 1840s as both conservative

and radical. Give at least two specific examples of how aspects of the movement were

conservative (how they upheld institutions and values). Then suggest at least two examples of

how other aspects were radical (how they overturned institutions and values). On balance, was

reform a greater force for change or for preservation?

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Explain how the temperance and abolitionist movements created instability in the

Topic : Reform Shakes the Party System

Gradable : manual

14) How do the activities of the Beecher family illustrate the tensions within the reform

community? Discuss the activities of at least two of Lyman Beecher’s children. How did their

activities contrast with one another? How did their activities extend beyond the actions and goals

of their father?

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : manual

15) _______, a reaction against the Enlightenment, stressed individual intuition and feeling

rather than reason as the means to truth.

15) ______

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

16) As a result of the Second Great Awakening, the dominant form of Christianity in

America became evangelical ________.

16) ______

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

17) The writer ________ built a cabin on the edge of Walden Pond in Concord, living by

himself for 16 months to demonstrate the advantages of self-reliance. (Provide the writer’s last

name only.)

17) ______

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

18) The ________ were a communitarian religious group founded by a woman and granting

women equality and authority in church leadership.

18) ______

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

19) The ________ Railroad was the popular name given to a network of contacts that helped

runaway slaves, often guided by fellow escapees like Harriet Tubman, reach freedom in Canada.

19) ______

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

20) The chapter introduction tells the story of Lyman Beecher and his offspring to make the

point that

20) ______

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A) nineteenth-century preachers often stressed the wickedness of American society.

B) while the Beecher family stood for older values and tried to halt the rapid changes in

American society, other Americans sought to harness change to bring about a more perfect

society.

C) zealous evangelical Protestants sought to hasten the coming of Christ’s kingdom on

earth through diverse strategies for reforming society.

D) Transcendentalist Beecher represented the more secular, Romantic side of a quest for

an improved society that characterized America in the 1820s and 1830s.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

21) Who was the person who founded modern revivalism?

21) ______

A) Harriett Stowe

B) Lyman Beecher

C) George Whitefield

D) Charles Grandison Finney

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

22) The revivals spearheaded by Charles Finney during the Second Great Awakening upheld

the doctrine that

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22) ______

A) men and women were predestined to salvation or damnation.

B) deliverance was available to all who were converted.

C) women should be religious leaders.

D) religion was a way to become wealthy.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

23) The ideal of domesticity

23) ______

A) held that women’s sphere was the home and family.

B) was opposed by the revivalists.

C) held that the government should ignore foreign policy and focus on internal

development.

D) stressed the father’s spiritual leadership in the home.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : automatic

24) The temperance movement was predominantly led by what group?

24) ______

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A) the Anti-Alcohol League

B) women

C) the clergy

D) politicians

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Bloom’s : Remember

Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : automatic

25) Which of the following was NOT a reason that women were highly prominent in the

revivals?

25) ______

A) Since the husband’s domain was the household, women made the church their domain.

B) Marriage became more uncertain as it came to be based more on affection.

C) The church and its networks offered companionship and support in unpredictable

times.

D) Involvement in the church gave young women respectability and a sense of purpose.

Question Details

Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

26) Who supported women’s education and argued that women exercised power as moral

guardians of the nation’s future?

26) ______

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A) Harriet Beecher Stowe

B) Catharine Beecher

C) Lyman Beecher

D) Isabella Beecher

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Bloom’s : Remember

Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : automatic

27) With respect to the middle-class family after 1820, all of the following explain the

decline in family size in general and in the birth rate in particular EXCEPT

27) ______

A) parents’ desire to improve the standard of living of themselves and their children.

B) the use of birth control methods.

C) delaying marriage until one had the financial means to support a family.

D) a view of family more geared to functional usefulness than affection.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : automatic

28) Evangelical Black churches grew in the North even as they were being suppressed in the

South after 1820. The most important of the new Black independent churches was the

28) ______

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A) African Catholic Church of America.

B) American Baptist Church for Blacks.

C) African Methodist Episcopal Church.

D) African American Baptist Church.

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Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

29) Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement concerning the significance of the

Second Great Awakening?

29) ______

A) Evangelical Protestantism became the dominant form of Christianity in America.

B) It reinforced the sense of pessimism and guilt that was present in America at the time.

C) It emphasized the ability of anyone to attain salvation.

D) It reinforced the dominant American belief in equality and democracy.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

30) In 1821, as a young man, Charles Grandison Finney experienced a soul-shattering

conversion that led him to give up his law practice to become

30) ______

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A) an itinerant minister.

B) a Methodist preacher.

C) an Episcopalian priest.

D) a Baptist reverend.

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the evolution of evangelical Protestantism and how it became the domina

Topic : The Transformation of American Evangelicalism

Gradable : automatic

31) Where evangelicals stressed the inward transformation of conversion as essential to

salvation, Catholics emphasized the importance of

31) ______

A) outward religious observances, such as faithfully attending mass and receiving the

sacraments.

B) the expression of deeply personal emotion and sensibility.

C) good deeds and social activism as a path to salvation.

D) a more spiritual daily life at work, in leisure, and in marriage.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain how the temperance and abolitionist movements created instability in the

Gradable : automatic

32) Why was the United States a poor proving ground for socialist experiments?

32) ______

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A) Wages were too high and land too cheap for such communities to interest most

Americans.

B) Wages were too low to allow most Americans to afford such adventures.

C) Family life was too harmonious in the United States for people wanting to flee into

such communes.

D) Americans rejected the glorification of individualism in these communities.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

33) Which of the following statements about Romanticism is accurate?

33) ______

A) It came from Europe as part of the Enlightenment.

B) It was incompatible with the doctrines of the revivals.

C) It glorified the individual.

D) It was a uniquely American cultural movement.

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

34) The Seneca Falls Convention called for all of the following, EXCEPT

34) ______

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A) educational and professional opportunities for women.

B) laws giving women control of their property.

C) recognition of legal equality.

D) laws awarding the father custody of the children in divorce.

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

35) Transcendentalism

35) ______

A) was the theological foundation undergirding the revivals of the Second Great

Awakening.

B) was based on the ideas of Dorothea Dix.

C) rejected individualism in favor of utopian communalism.

D) sought to rise above reason through an individualist spiritual communion with nature.

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

36) Some secular thinkers shared the Transcendentalists’ view that ________ was corrupting

American society.

36) ______

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A) acquisitiveness

B) competition

C) inequality

D) All these answers are correct.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

37) By 1850 Catholics accounted for ________ percent of the U.S. population—the same

percentage as Presbyterians.

37) ______

A) 5

B) 8

C) 11

D) 14

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Bloom’s : Remember

Topic : Revivalism and the Social Order

Learning Objective : Explain the effect of revivalism on American society in the Jacksonian era and

Gradable : automatic

38) The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is also known as

38) ______

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A) the Mormon Church.

B) the Shakers.

C) the Unitarian Church.

D) the Nephites.

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

39) Robert Owen recruited followers for his program to reform society by teaching that

39) ______

A) human character was shaped by skull shape and size.

B) only a privileged few could be made perfect.

C) shared property and equality of work division would foster tolerant people.

D) individual self-reliance held the key to social progress.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

40) Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about Mormonism in this period?

40) ______

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A) Like the liberal theology of Finney, Mormonism placed little emphasis on

predestination and proclaimed that salvation was available to all.

B) Mormons believed in a strict separation of church and state.

C) Mormon culture upheld middle-class values such as hard work, thrift, and self-control.

D) Mormons taught that Christ would return to rule the Earth.

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Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

41) Why was the loose network of antislavery sympathizers who conveyed runaway slaves

north to freedom known as the Underground Railroad?

41) ______

A) The route was primarily by subway in the major eastern cities.

B) Runaway slaves were directed by conductors from one “station” to the next.

C) Slaves traveled in secret compartments in Pullman sleeping cars, whose only access

was from below the car.

D) Many of the segments north were through secret tunnels constructed to bypass major

roads.

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Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

42) Seneca Falls, New York, was the site of

42) ______

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A) George Ripley’s Brook Farm.

B) Charles Grandison Finney’s greatest revival.

C) the first major women’s rights convention.

D) Lane Seminary.

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

43) What was the essential conviction of William Lloyd Garrison about slavery?

43) ______

A) It was a necessary evil that finally needed to be eliminated.

B) It was an economic drain on the emerging commercial economic system.

C) It was a contradiction to the ideals embodied in the Constitution.

D) It was a sin.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

44) Who among the following did NOT oppose Garrisonian abolitionism?

44) ______

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A) southerners, who drove antislavery sympathizers out of the South

B) northerners, who seized Garrison and killed Lovejoy

C) women, whom Garrison alienated when he refused to link the antislavery cause to

women’s rights

D) other abolitionists, whom Garrison alienated with his radical condemnation of

political solutions

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

45) The abolitionist movement split in 1840

45) ______

A) because of Garrison’s support for Black rights.

B) because of Weld’s failure to win over Beecher and Finney.

C) over the issue of women’s rights.

D) over the issue of mixing religion and politics.

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Bloom’s : Understand

Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

46) What reform movement eventually led to the collapse of the Jacksonian party system in

the 1850s?

46) ______

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A) abolitionism

B) temperance

C) evangelicalism

D) suffrage

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Explain how the temperance and abolitionist movements created instability in the

Topic : Reform Shakes the Party System

Gradable : automatic

47) What reform movement won temporary political success through the Maine Law?

47) ______

A) the anti-drinking crusade

B) the movement for public high schools

C) the campaign for women’s suffrage

D) the movement to improve prison conditions

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Explain how the temperance and abolitionist movements created instability in the

Topic : Reform Shakes the Party System

Gradable : automatic

48) What reform effort suffered a temporary political defeat through the gag rule?

48) ______

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A) the anti-drinking crusade

B) the abolitionist drive to petition Congress against slavery

C) the movement to improve prison conditions

D) the campaign for women’s suffrage

Question Details

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Explain how the temperance and abolitionist movements created instability in the

Topic : Reform Shakes the Party System

Gradable : automatic

49) ________ was an American activist on behalf of the indigent insane and, through a

vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first

generation of American mental asylums.

49) ______

A) Dorothea Dix

B) Elizabeth Stanton

C) Susan B. Anthony

D) Lucretia Mott

Question Details

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

50) Who among the following was an adherent of Unitarianism?

50) ______

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A) John Adams

B) Thomas Jefferson

C) John Quincy Adams

D) All these answers are correct.

Question Details

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

51) The writer generally identified as the leader of New England Transcendentalism

(especially its individualist expression) was

51) ______

A) James Fenimore Cooper.

B) Ralph Waldo Emerson.

C) Charles Grandison Finney.

D) Lyman Beecher.

Question Details

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Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Compare and contrast the visionary reform groups of the early nineteenth century

Topic : Visionaries

Gradable : automatic

52) Who became most disillusioned with the U.S. Constitution and political system?

52) ______

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A) Horace Mann

B) Nathaniel Hawthorne

C) Lyman Beecher

D) William Lloyd Garrison

Question Details

Accessibility : Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s : Remember

Learning Objective : Describe the antislavery and women’s rights movements and the schism between the

Topic : Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

Gradable : automatic

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Answer Key

Test name: chapter 12

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