Most southern African Americans who held political power during Reconstruction
__________.
a. alienated whites by pushing for massive land restriction
b. concentrated their efforts on educational and political reforms
c. used the Freedmen’s Bureau to oppress ex-Confederates
d. pushed for educational integration
e. were more corrupt than their white counterparts
What was one effect of McCarthyism?
a. a political and cultural conformity that discouraged dissent
b. an expansion of the defense of freedom of speech rights
c. an intellectual revolution that encouraged new ideas
d. a drop in literacy rates among American youth
e. a wider appreciation of diversity in the United States
What was an essential feature of the factory system?
a. all standardized parts manufactured in a single location
b. the workforce being separated into different locations based on job type
c. payment of cash wages
d. each product being produced by one worker
e. complex tasks that required training
Philip Randolph threatened a massive march on Washington in 1941 in order to force
President Roosevelt to __________.
a. end racial discrimination in the defense industry
b. bring the United States into World War II
c. remain neutral during the war
d. send more aid to Britain and occupied France
e. allow women to work in wartime industries
Which of the following groups made up the bulk of the electorate until 1900?
a. white males
b. white males and white females
c. white and African American males
d. landowning white males
e. educated white males
What was the significance of American Telephone and Telegraph?
a. It was the first telephone company in the United States.
b. It was formed in order to boost competition between local phone companies.
c. For many years, AT&T was the only phone company in the United States.
d. It regulated the telephone industry to ensure no one company dominated the market.
e. It was the consolidation of many local phone systems into one large corporation.
Nixon’s program to improve relations with the Soviet Union was known as
__________.
a. containment
b. dtente
c. perestroika
d. dmarche
e. de-escalation
Large numbers of the first English settlers in the Carolinas came from __________.
a. Ireland
b. Barbados
c. Rhode Island
d. Jamaica
e. the Virgin Islands
George H. W. Bush’s plan to bring down the federal budget deficit was unsuccessful
because his plan __________.
a. was never palatable to Congress
b. coincided with the beginning of a recession
c. included new taxes but no spending cuts
d. included spending cuts but no new taxes
e. did not include new taxes or spending cuts
The Navigation Acts established the principle that __________.
a. certain American products could be sold only in England or in English colonies
b. only English merchants could engage in colonial trade
c. all colonial goods sold in England had to be shipped in American vessels
d. only colonial merchants could engage in colonial trade
e. goods imported to the colonies could not be transshipped through England
Which of the following was an indicator of the future strength of the Democratic party?
a. its success in the presidential race of 1924
b. the shift of urban voters to the party
c. an increase in the number of rural Democrats
d. the unpopularity of Republican presidents
e. a large number of women voters
As southern opinion about the morality of slavery changed during the 1830s, people
began to describe slavery as __________.
a. a positive good
b. a necessary evil
c. an inevitable institution
d. a neutral business arrangement
e. a sinful enterprise
James Madison opposed Hamilton’s proposal for the public debt because __________.
a. he feared Hamilton’s growing political power
b. the powers of state government would be reduced
c. he believed only a chosen few would benefit
d. it did not foster the government of the Revolution
e. many soldiers were never given loan certificates that entitled them to payment
The Chesapeake Affair of 1807 __________.
a. violated American sovereignty
b. forced the French to rescind the Berlin Decree
c. damaged the British navy
d. had little effect on Anglo-American relations
e. influenced the Americans to support the French
The American economy in the 1920s saw explosive growth in __________.
a. the consumer goods industries
b. cotton mills
c. the energy industry
d. agriculture
e. the steel industry
Which novel was influenced by the ideals of Young America?
a. The Scarlet Letter
b. Moby Dick
c. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
d. Pride and Prejudice
e. Jane Eyre
Martin Luther King, Jr.’s philosophy advocated __________.
a. immigration to Africa rather than trying to gain rights in the United States
b. acceptance of discrimination until the courts could act properly
c. the use of violence to get the nation’s attention for his cause
d. the use of violence as the only way to gain equality in U.S. society
e. nonviolent, passive resistance to unjust laws
What did the idea of Manifest Destiny encourage?
a. converting recent immigrants to Protestantism
b. the establishment of the factory system
c. the inclusion of women in the workforce
d. territorial expansion
e. the abolition of slavery
In the 1580s, the English attempted to make a settlement at __________.
a. Jamestown
b. Newfoundland
c. Plymouth
d. Hatteras
e. Roanoke
Why did the new Constitution of 1787 call for the election of a president by an electoral
college?
a. so that the people could directly vote for their president
b. because most voters were illiterate
c. so the president would not be indebted to Congress for his office
d. so that no state would have more power than another no matter its size
e. to prevent nonwhite males from voting
What role did FDR play in the shifting of African American political affiliation from the
Republican party to the Democratic party?
a. He designed the TVA and NRA specifically to benefit African Americans.
b. He appointed African Americans to high-ranking positions and criticized racial
discrimination.
c. He was the first president to appoint African Americans to governmental positions.
d. He used the New Deal to create legislation to end segregation in the South.
e. His New Deal provided jobs and job security to most African Americans.
Why was the 1807 federal slavery law unsatisfying for everyone?
a. On the one hand, slave owners felt it threatened their livelihood, but on the other
hand, abolitionists felt it did little to end slavery.
b. It did nothing to affect slavery or the slave trade in the United States and only
frustrated relations with European allies.
c. On the one hand, it appeased antislavery European allies, but on the other hand, it
frustrated U.S. slave owners.
d. It granted African Americans only freedom, not any voting or civil rights, while at
the same time infuriating their slave owners.
e. It appeased southern slave owners but infuriated northern abolitionists.
The Marshall Plan proposed __________.
a. infusing massive amounts of American capital into Western Europe
b. bolstering the German army to prevent the spread of communism
c. an international effort to stop postwar global inflation
d. that all nations should immediately destroy their atomic weapons
e. dividing Germany into several areas of military occupation
The failure of the Albany Plan can be attributed, primarily, to the __________.
a. opposition of British authorities
b. fiscal jealousies of colonial assemblies
c. beginning of the French and Indian War
d. refusal of the Iroquois tribes to support it
e. lack of interest from colonial representatives
As understood in the late 1700s, a republic was a system in which ultimate political
authority is vested in __________.
a. a constitutional monarchy
b. the people
c. the chosen few
d. the rich and powerful
e. evangelical Protestants
How did the two-party political system of 1840 differ from the previous system?
a. In 1840, there was a two-party system that only allowed for two candidates, while in
Jefferson’s time, there were many parties and candidates.
b. In 1840, the two-party system was regionally organized, meaning there were more
than two candidates; in Jefferson’s time, parties were national.
c. In 1840, the two-party system dominated political, social, and economic life; during
Jefferson’s time, political parties had little impact on people’s lives.
d. In 1840, the two-party system had little impact on people’s lives, whereas political
parties of Jefferson’s time affected politics, social life, and economics.
e. In 1840, there were no real differences between the two parties, so voters had no real
choice, while previously political parties and candidates had varied greatly.
The birth of the gay liberation movement was __________.
a. the Outing
b. the founding of ACT UP
c. the Stonewall Riots
d. the founding of the Gay Activist Alliance
e. the founding of the Gay Liberation Front
Who was the most famous reform governor of the Progressive Era?
a. Robert M. La Follette
b. “Golden Rule” Jones
c. Hiram Johnson
d. Lincoln Steffens
e. Richard Ely
Which best summarizes the pattern of English kings in colonizing North America?
a. They followed a precise plan of geographic development.
b. They tried to separate the colonies into distinct groups, based on economics, politics,
religion, and labor system.
c. They negotiated treaties with the Indians.
d. They followed no plan and distributed the land haphazardly, creating overlapping
territorial claims.
e. They awarded colonial charters only to the most wealthy individuals in order to
guarantee success for the new colonies.
Which of the following was true according to the theories of Alfred Thayer Mahan?
a. Large armies will protect American interests around the globe.
b. American greatness will be recognized through industrial output.
c. Little will be gained from American expansion abroad.
d. A strong navy is an integral part of America’s wealth and power.
e. Standing armies are dangerous.
The economic abundance of the 1950s __________.
a. benefited all geographic regions of the country equally
b. virtually erased unemployment in the United States
c. did not benefit the steel industry and agriculture as much as other industries
d. had very little effect on the American public outside of the upper class
e. led to a surprising racial equality
Which best describes how Native American groups initially interacted with European
explorers?
a. Native American groups were eager to trade with the Europeans.
b. Native American groups ignored the Europeans.
c. Native American groups aggressively attacked the Europeans.
d. Native American groups were helpless when attacked by the Europeans.
e. Native American groups were reluctant to trade with the Europeans.
What was the Manhattan Project?
a. a plan for ground troops to take Tokyo and end the war
b. a government program to deal with criminals of war
c. an elite team of secret agents that nearly assassinated Hitler
d. a diplomatic project to negotiate a Japanese surrender
e. a top-secret program that developed the atom bomb
Why didn’t early American railroads actually link different regions to each other?
a. They did not have enough steel to make the tracks very long.
b. They were only built to bring goods from one city to another.
c. They had different schedules and incompatible gauges.
d. They were only affordable to the richest passengers.
e. They were built with inferior equipment and were constantly breaking down.
Which was a difference between John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson?
a. Kennedy was more committed to a liberal reform agenda than Johnson.
b. Johnson was considered more stylish than Kennedy.
c. Kennedy was better at manipulating Congress than Johnson.
d. Johnson was more popular with the media than Kennedy.
e. Kennedy was a better public speaker than Johnson.