Which of the following best characterizes U.S.-Soviet relations during the war?
A) especially close and trusting
B) especially hostile, almost to the point of warfare
C) strained by significant ideological differences
D) hurt by the United States’ refusal to recognize the Soviet Union
E) significantly influenced by Roosevelt’s personal dislike of Stalin
How did Carter try to redeem his presidency in what became known as his “national
malaise” speech?
A) He tried to blame the Soviet Union for ruining his presidency.
B) He tried to pin responsibility on the public’s lack of confidence.
C) He offered to donate a million dollars to popular American charities.
D) He tried to demonstrate that he understood the common man.
E) He showed clips from a propaganda film to sway public opinion.
At the outset of the Spanish-American War, ________.
A) there was little public support for the war in the United States
B) the American military was well prepared to fight a war
C) it was difficult to find the necessary volunteers for the American military
D) the army signed up as many as a million volunteers
E) the American army was 200,000 soldiers strong
What was the 1961 “freedom ride”?
A) a march on Washington in which participants rode bicycles
B) a sit-in during which thousands of college students experimented with drugs
C) a protest in which college students blocked the routes of segregated buses and trains
D) a protest in which thousands of people crossed the United States on motorcycles
E) a protest that tested the desegregation laws on interstate transportation
How did the farm recovery program work to fix the agricultural industry?
A) It favored small farming operations over large industrial ones.
B) It convinced farmers to stop destroying their livestock and crops.
C) It found new international markets for surplus American crops.
D) It set production limits for leading crops and paid farmers subsidies.
E) It increased demand by giving away surplus food to the starving poor.
The yeoman farmers of the South ________.
A) were typically slave owners
B) did not own the land they worked
C) were located primarily in the backcountry
D) were clustered around the large plantations
E) were quite different from their northern counterparts
The Marshall Plan proposed _______.
A) infusing massive amounts of American capital into Western Europe
B) bolstering the German army to prevent the spread of communism
C) an international effort to stop postwar global inflation
D) that all nations should immediately destroy their atomic weapons
E) dividing Germany into several areas of military occupation
President Lincoln’s response to the Wade-Davis Bill was to _______.
A) accept it completely
B) reluctantly support it
C) express no opinion on it
D) stop it with a pocket veto
E) ask Congress to reconsider
Which of these gave rise to the Populists?
A) the Panic of 1893
B) the battle of the standards
C) the end of protective tariffs
D) the labor movement
E) the National Farmers’ Alliance
What showed the weakness of Wilson’s “moral diplomacy”?
A) When a cabinet member was caught in a financial scandal, Wilson’s pride in his
morality was tested.
B) The exorbitant costs of moral reforms, such as Prohibition, tested Wilson’s resolve to
continue “purity” reforms.
C) The conflicts with Mexico and Germany demonstrated that U.S. morality would not
keep militarism under control.
D) The Hawaiian and Philippine annexations demonstrated to the world that U.S.
morality didn’t actually exist.
E) In his attitudes toward race relations, Wilson demonstrated that “morality” did not
mean equality for African Americans.
________ caused the most important changes in voting patterns in the immediate
post-war years.
A) The tremendous loss of male lives
B) Western migration
C) The dramatically increased standard of living
D) The Articles of Confederation
E) The movement of state capitals to more central locations
The founding of Pennsylvania was tied to the ________.
A) Quaker movement
B) Restoration
C) Glorious Revolution
D) institution of the joint-stock company
E) agricultural revolution
The financial success of the French empire in North America depended upon the
________.
A) fur trade
B) complete annihilation of the Native American tribes in Canada
C) discovery of huge amounts of gold
D) establishment of plantations
E) withdrawal of the Spanish
The nullification crisis of the early 1830s ________.
A) had little impact outside South Carolina
B) was of little significance to the future of the United States
C) revealed the strength of the Constitution
D) was an early indication of dangerous future divisions
E) demonstrated the inherent solidarity of the Union
Which was the intended message of southern literature during the 1840s and 1850s?
A) Genteel southern civilization was superior to greedy northern culture.
B) Southerners should reevaluate their dependency on slavery.
C) Southerners should try to change their culture to be more like Northerners.
D) Southerners should maintain slavery but dismantle the plantation system.
E) Southern morals should be more strictly based on the Protestant ethic.
How did Washington’s and Adam’s cabinets compare to those of today?
A) They were much smaller, consisting of only three offices, whereas today’s cabinet
comprises dozens of secretaries and thousands of employees.
B) They were much larger; having to lay the groundwork for a new nation required
more manpower than running a superpower today.
C) Their cabinets had less power; they acted only as advisors to the president and
couldn”t create any actual policies.
D) Their cabinet members, being from the same political party, accomplished more by
cooperating better than today’s members.
E) Their cabinets met less frequently as they were busy traveling about the country or
Europe, whereas today’s members stay mainly in Washington, D.C.
Which of the following men was the most influential spokesman for the common
school movement?
A) John Harward
B) Lyman Beecher
C) Henry James
D) Horace Mann
E) Terrance Knox
Supporters of the free coinage of silver ________.
A) were convinced it would help the agrarian sectors
B) were primarily found in the North and East
C) wanted to draw power away from the federal government
D) found little support for their views in Congress
E) thought it would deflate the currency
What effect did the September 11, 2001, attacks have on the U.S. economy?
A) little effect
B) devastated the airline industry
C) destroyed the oil industry
D) created an economic boom
E) improved the international tourism industry
Which of the following was NOT a feature of the French experience in the New World?
A) the fur trade
B) Samuel de Champlain
C) encomiendas
D) coureurs de bois
E) lack of royal support for colonizing efforts
What was the result of Andrew Carnegie’s sale of Carnegie Steel?
A) J. P. Morgan combined it with other steel companies into the U.S. Steel Corporation.
B) It led to the formation of the first American trust.
C) It inspired John D. Rockefeller to sell his Standard Oil Company.
D) It led to the building of the Brooklyn Bridge, the largest steel structure in the world.
E) Charles Schwab bought it and combined it with National Steel to form the largest
steel company in the United States.
By the mid-1820s, the Cherokee had each of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) a written language
B) a written constitution providing a republican form of government
C) a system of slavery regulated by law
D) a military force capable of defending their lands against white encroachment
E) a salaried government bureaucracy
The United States dropped its first atom bomb on the city of _______ on August 6,
1945.
A) Osaka
B) Nagasaki
C) Tokyo
D) Hiroshima
E) Fukushima
How did mapmakers refer to the Great Plains region of the United States between 1825
and 1860?
A) the Barren Plains
B) the Rockies Region
C) the Great American Desert
D) the Great Frontier
E) Indian Country
How did Roger Williams’ religious ideas clash with those of the Puritans?
A) Williams believed that settlers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony who had
unconventional religious views should be punished by the colonial leaders.
B) Williams felt that it was not enough to purify the Church of England from within,
but to separate from it.
C) Williams did not believe that the Puritans should separate from the Church of
England, but rather to try to improve it.
D) Williams did not support religious toleration and insisted that the members of the
Church of England try to preserve their own freedom of worship.
E) Williams believed that colonial leaders could not also be religious leaders.
What caused the Mexican-American War to last much longer than expected?
A) The Americans lacked the resources to attack in earnest.
B) The Americans lost a string of important battles.
C) Severe weather slowed the American advance.
D) The Mexicans were better prepared to battle in the Mexican terrain.
E) The Mexicans stubbornly refused to make peace despite military defeats.
Which of these was used successfully in the early 1800s to increase church
membership?
A) overseas missionary activity
B) ecumenicalism
C) revivalism
D) spiritualism
E) marketing tactics
The Adams-Ons Treaty ________.
A) excluded Spain from the North American continent
B) reduced British influence in Florida
C) granted the Northwest Territory to the United States
D) weakened the Spanish position in Latin America
E) made Florida a U.S. territory
During the nineteenth century, the center of cotton production ________.
A) moved westward
B) moved eastward
C) moved northward
D) remained in the Southeast
E) remained in the upper South
Which of the following was not a decision of the Marshall Court?
A) Gibbons v. Ogden
B) Dartmouth College v. Woodward
C) Dred Scott v. Sandford
D) McCulloch v. Maryland
E) Marbury v. Madison
In response to the successful American revolt in Hawaii in 1893, Grover Cleveland
________.
A) immediately annexed the islands
B) restored the queen to power
C) apologized to the Hawaiian people
D) refused to recognize the new government
E) tried, but failed, to restore the queen to power
The defense policy known as NSC-68 was based on the premise that _______.
A) isolationism should continue to be a major part of American foreign policy
B) appeasement of aggressive foreign powers should continue to be a part of foreign
policy
C) the Soviet Union wanted to take over the world and was a threat to the United States
D) military spending was out of control and needed to be curbed immediately
E) the United States was so powerful that it did not need to worry about foreign threats
Nixon’s election signaled a public reaction against the ________.
A) failure of the Democratic Party to bring about social reform
B) efforts to bring peace in Vietnam
C) successes of the civil rights movement
D) economic failures of the last Democratic president
E) liberal impulse to enact social reform