The leading African American scientist and mathematician in early America was
__________.
a. John Woolman
b. Richard Allen
c. Benjamin Banneker
d. Sojourner Truth
e. Phillis Wheatley
The greatest triumph of American technology in the mid-nineteenth century was in the
area of __________.
a. improvements in the transportation infrastructure
b. new uses for vulcanized rubber
c. improved farm implements
d. sophisticated machine tools
e. more efficient farming strategies
Which of these from Wilson’s Fourteen Points was implemented?
a. open diplomacy
b. freedom of the seas
c. removal of barriers to international trade
d. military disarmament
e. establishment of an independent Poland
At the time Europeans arrived, the societies of central Mexico __________.
a. included large cities ruled by effective bureaucracies
b. used iron and bronze tools and weapons
c. did not practice intensive agriculture
d. were composed of small, isolated tribes
e. were hunter-gatherers
What was the only significant piece of social legislation enacted in the first Bush
administration?
a. Civil Rights Act of 1991
b. National Health Insurance Act
c. Social Security Privatization Act
d. Americans with Disabilities Act
e. Equal Rights Amendment
What organization was formed in 1960 as a result of ‘sit-in” demonstrations?
a. the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense
b. the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
c. the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
d. the Urban League
e. the Little Rock Nine
An important result of the changing character of labor in the 1830s and 1840s was
__________.
a. greater cooperation between employer and employee
b. improvement in working conditions and wages
c. the paternalistic employer-employee relationship
d. more emphasis on skilled labor
e. an upsurge of labor militancy
The Crittenden compromise would have __________.
a. extended the Missouri Compromise to the Pacific
b. abolished the national Fugitive Slave Law
c. denied federal compensation to the owners of escaped slaves
d. guaranteed slavery in all new territories
e. changed the Constitution to allow slavery to be abolished in all the states
What did the young children of plantation slaves do while their parents worked?
a. They often accompanied their parents and were cared for by older children.
b. They often went to segregated schools before they were old enough to work.
c. They were often cared for at home by their mothers.
d. They were often sent to nurseries where other slaves cared for them.
e. They often played with the young children of the plantation owners.
Why did Roosevelt announce the Roosevelt Corollary?
a. to gain power in the Pacific region
b. to keep European powers out of Latin America
c. to change the Monroe Doctrine
d. to forgive Latin American national debts
e. to gain access to Panama for the canal construction
Why did many New Englanders oppose war with Great Britain?
a. They traced their heritage back to Great Britain and did not want to be at war with
relatives.
b. They were tired from fighting the Revolutionary War and wanted a time of sustained
peace.
c. They were tired from fighting in conflicts with Native Americans in the West and
wanted a time of peace.
d. They were already engaged in their own armed conflicts with the French in Canada
and could not support two wars.
e. They believed the real reason for the war was to build up America’s egoa ridiculous
cause for war in their opinion.
The 1902 federal law to use the proceeds from land sales to finance irrigation projects
in the West was the __________.
a. National Reclamation Act
b. Timber Culture Act
c. Timber and Stone Act
d. Homestead Act
e. Western Watering Act
American life in the late nineteenth century included __________.
a. a movement toward healthier diets and lifestyles
b. hopelessly primitive medical science
c. a majority of the population living in urban areas
d. a life expectancy of about 60 years
e. food prices that were constantly getting lower
How did the country’s experience of World War I shape the national response to the
Great Depression under FDR?
a. The large-scale devastation and loss of human life during the War hardened the
American people, which prepared them for the period of deprivation and suffering of
the Great Depression.
b. During the war years, the country had experienced general mobilization of the
nation’s resources in the service of a common goal, facilitating implementation of the
New Deal, another form of general mobilization.
c. Patriotism and selflessness surged during the American involvement in World War
One, and this same spirit of selflessness permeated the Great Depression era, insulating
Americans from fear and despair.
d. The experience of fighting a common enemy during the war resulted in a general
improvement of racial and ethnic relations; these relationships were then solidified
during the Great Depression.
e. American involvement in the First World War took a heavy toll on the economy, and
during the decade preceding the great crash, the weakness of the economy set the stage
for the Depression.
Those who migrated to the Chesapeake Bay area as indentured servants were
__________.
a. usually from the dregs of English society
b. English farmers who saw a better future in the New World
c. normally single, lower-class males in their teens or early twenties
d. married individuals who came with their families
e. generally convicted criminals who traded jail time in England for indentures
Which is the only category in which seventeenth-century colonists in Massachusetts
were more successful than Virginia’s colonists?
a. relating to the Indians
b. establishing the Anglican Church
c. finding a profitable staple crop
d. adopting a concept of community welfare
e. collecting taxes to pay for community services
Upon arriving in the West, many settlers __________.
a. created friendly relationships with local Indian groups
b. imported new technology to aid in western industrial growth
c. returned home, disappointed in the lack of economic opportunities
d. traded agricultural products with the East using overland trails
e. were able to generate distinctive folkways
How did early Spanish outposts in North America compare to early English
settlements?
a. There were fewer Native American groups in the Spanish outposts to threaten the
new settlers.
b. There were more natural resources in the Spanish outposts, which led to a greater
success of the first settlements there.
c. The Spanish outposts contained settlers who had migrated from many more places in
Europe than the ones in the English settlements.
d. The Spanish outposts grew more slowly due to the harsh environment and threats of
Native Americans.
e. Though they started later, the Spanish outposts eventually grew much larger at a
faster rate.
Why was William Jennings Bryan defeated in 1896?
a. He did not campaign directly among the voters.
b. He was unable to win Populist support.
c. The established eastern press had deserted him.
d. Few voters were interested in the campaign.
e. He was an awkward and shy speaker.
Which group was not part of the southern coalition supporting Radical Reconstruction?
a. businessmen interested in government funding
b. poor white farmers from upland regions
c. newly enfranchised African Americans
d. white planters
e. ‘scalawags”
What role did President Theodore Roosevelt play in the great coal strike of 1902?
a. He played no role at all in settling the dispute.
b. He sympathized completely with the company owners.
c. He decided to support the Pure Food and Drug Act.
d. He essentially decided to support the coal miners.
e. He shut down the mines for two months.
What was the effect of the Revolutionary War on slavery?
a. At the end of the war, slavery was abolished in northern states.
b. The war set a time limit to end slavery in the South.
c. Initially, the war had little effect on slavery at all.
d. Initially, the war led to African Americans’ gaining freedom.
e. The war emancipated African Americans in several states.
When the United States and the Dutch East Indies banned trade with Japan, the
Japanese lost their source of __________, which led them to attack the United States.
a. oil
b. flour
c. steel
d. rubber
e. ammunition
Why did the two-party system of politics develop in the 1820s-1840s?
a. The Supreme Court passed changes in the Constitution regarding the party system.
b. There was an increasing concern about foreign policy issues.
c. Changes in the method of nominating and electing the president developed.
d. The burgeoning population of the trans-Appalachian West created a need for two
parties.
e. Married women gained the right to vote and created a second party.
What was the impact of the First World War on the United States during the 1920s?
a. The United States emerged as the most powerful country in the world and spent the
1920s solidifying its preeminence through political and economic policies.
b. The United States was greatly devastated financially and emotionally and spent the
1920s rebuilding financial and emotional confidence.
c. The United States emerged from the war as one of the dominant nations of the world
and spent the 1920s economically and politically solidifying that dominance.
d. The United States was frightened by worldwide conflict and spent the 1920s doing
everything it could to avoid foreign contacts.
e. The United States continued well into the 1920s to be divided by ethnicity, with
German and Russian Americans on one side, and English and French Americans on the
other.
A major source of political information in the colonies came in the form of
__________.
a. official dispatches
b. weekly journals
c. pamphlets
d. public debates
e. daily newspapers
The term “baby boom” refers to a significant increase in __________.
a. the infant survival rate in America
b. the American birthrate
c. the amount of money spent on babies
d. the popularity of adopting children
e. C-section deliveries
Who advocated “black power” as the leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating
Committee in the 1960s?
a. Martin Luther King, Jr.
b. Phillip Randolph
c. Stokely Carmichael
d. Thurgood Marshall
e. Robert Weaver
The attack on Fort Sumter __________.
a. was a prolonged and exceptionally bloody battle
b. weakened the secession movement
c. caused increasing opposition to the war in the North
d. united northern opinion against the rebellion
e. was the first southern defeat of the war
Why did the balance of trade between England and the colonies turn dramatically in
England’s favor by the mid-eighteenth century?
a. Trade between the colonies and the West Indies had declined.
b. There was enormous demand in the colonies for British finished products.
c. Industrialization was taking place in the colonies.
d. Enforcement of the Navigation Acts had become more strict.
e. There was enormous demand in the colonies for raw materials from England.
Nathaniel Bacon __________.
a. resented the elite leaders of Jamestown because he knew he would never be accepted
into their ruling clique
b. started a rebellion to prevent Governor Berkeley from waging a war against the
Susquehannock Indians
c. was perceived as a hero by the common people of Virginia
d. was executed by the forces of Charles II for his rebellion
e. was a former indentured servant who was denied farming land in the Virginia Colony
Why was Abraham Lincoln chosen as the Republican presidential candidate for the
1860 election over front-runner Senator William H. Seward?
a. Lincoln could carry his home state of Kentucky.
b. Seward strongly supported nativism.
c. Lincoln came from a prosperous, well-known family.
d. Seward was seen as too radical.
e. Abraham Lincoln pledged to end slavery.
What was the main reason for the Ku Klux Klan’s success in the South after 1868?
a. popular support from whites of all social classes for white supremacy
b. its centralized political organization
c. its support from the southern state Republican governments
d. the persistent threat of a violent black uprising against the white planter class
e. the Force Act, which protected terrorist groups like the Klan from being arrested
One of the most important factors uniting Americans of different colonies into a single
political culture was __________.
a. the English common law
b. cooperative royal governors
c. similar social systems between the northern and southern colonies
d. a respect for the sovereignty of Parliament
e. fear of attack by Indians
Which best describes how divisions among Algonquin groups helped facilitate
European conquest of their lands?
a. Algonquin groups were so busy fighting each other that they did not notice the
European arrivals.
b. Algonquin groups divided into two powerful leagues, one of which sided with the
English.
c. Algonquin groups could not communicate with each other and thus could not warn
each other of European invaders.
d. Algonquin groups had a strict hierarchy that made it much easier for Europeans to
conquer them.
e. Algonquin groups were more willing to ally themselves with foreigners than with
other
Algonquin groups.