Why did the Era of Good Feeling end?
A) The United States could not sustain continued economic growth; financial
institutions began to crumble.
B) Nonpartisan cooperation could not be sustained through disagreements of how
government should be involved in social and economic changes.
C) The United States could not maintain peaceful relations with European countries
intent on continuing colonial rule in Latin America.
D) Poor road transportation made it difficult to unite the West with the East of the
United States, causing poor communication and political divisions.
E) The Supreme Court’s focus on protection of individual liberty produced political,
social, and economic inequalities that greatly weakened the nation.
Who led the Montgomery bus boycott?
A) Martin Luther King, Jr.
B) Ella Baker
C) Rosa Parks
D) Thurgood Marshall
E) Bayard Rustin
What effect did the Great Depression have on immigration to the United States?
A) The rate of immigration to the United States remained constant during the Great
Depression.
B) More immigrants came to the United States at this time due to the availability of
low-skill, hard-labor jobs.
C) Progressives urged that legislation be passed to restrict immigration and make it
more difficult for immigrants to become citizens.
D) Conservatives supported immigration reform since immigrants tended to take jobs
that Americans were too proud to take.
E) The Great Depression effectively reversed the flow of immigration across the Rio
Grande, deporting hundreds of thousands of immigrants.
Which of these led to unrest in the Balkans?
A) the breakup of Yugoslavia
B) the intervention of an aggressive Austria
C) a surprise Soviet invasion
D) the end of the Cold War
E) Turkey’s continued intervention
The Confederate 1863 victory at Chancellorsville cost the Confederacy the life of
________.
A) Jefferson Davis
B) “Stonewall” Jackson
C) Robert E. Lee
D) William Tecumseh Sherman
E) Ulysses S. Grant
The conference at Potsdam in July of 1945 ended on a note of _______.
A) harmony
B) discord
C) uncertainty
D) confusion
E) regret
How did the United States and Great Britain avoid war over Venezuela?
A) The defeat of Spain in Cuba encouraged Great Britain to concede Venezuela to the
United States.
B) Great Britain’s superior naval fleet, which was fully deployed off the coasts of
Venezuela and Guiana, discouraged U.S. involvement.
C) Larger problems in Africa and Europe caused Britain to agree to negotiate with
Venezuela.
D) The U.S. annexation of Hawaii and the Philippines convinced Great Britain to
concede Venezuela.
E) The Venezuelan people successfully boycotted British and U.S. products,
demonstrating their resolve for self-rule.
How were Young Americans unlike the traditional members of the Democratic Party?
A) They were enthusiastic about commerce, industry, and speculation in the market.
B) They were opposed to territorial expansion.
C) They fiercely opposed the Mexican-American War.
D) They worried about the materialism that accompanied the market economy.
E) They embraced European themes in American literature.
Why did the doctrine of popular sovereignty fail in the 1854 Kansas territorial
government elections?
A) voter apathy
B) illegal voting by Missouri residents
C) a lack of enthusiasm from voters
D) a lack of compelling candidates
E) extremists’ destruction of polling centers
Working women in the 1930s faced all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A) discriminatory hiring and firing practices
B) an unemployment rate higher than 20 percent for a decade
C) lower wages sanctioned by government regulations
D) lack of a minimum wage for maids and waitresses
E) lack of appointments for women in high-ranking positions
How did the Boxer Rebellion affect U.S. foreign policy in China?
A) The United States realized that China would not cooperate with the Open Door
policy and began to join the European nations in dividing up China.
B) The United States affirmed their Open Door policy and declared China’s
independence from any foreign (European) rule.
C) The United States saw that China was determined to keep out foreign influence, so
they withdrew to the Philippines, to avoid armed conflict.
D) The United States realized that anti-imperialists back home wanted them to
withdraw from China, so they negotiated secretly.
E) The rebellion in Cuba turned the United States’ attention away from China and to the
anti-imperialist demonstrations closer to home.
The founding of Georgia can be described as _______.
A) religiously-motivated
B) political
C) economically-motivated
D) idealistic
E) strategic
The president of the United States during the depression that began in 1893 was
________.
A) Herbert Hoover
B) Grover Cleveland
C) Rutherford B. Hayes
D) William McKinley
E) Theodore Roosevelt
As chief justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall ________.
A) promoted the growth of state sovereignty
B) supported the attainment of political and social equality
C) emphasized the primacy of property and property rights
D) abandoned his Federalist sympathies
E) began the tradition of wearing four gold stripes on the sleeves of his robes
Many Americans believed high tariffs would ________.
A) enhance America’s image abroad
B) prevent competition from foreign goods
C) meet the demands of American farmers
D) prevent political differences from arising
E) take money out of their own pockets
After Lincoln’s election, which best describes what happened in the upper South?
A) States there immediately seceded.
B) These states were afraid to secede since they were so close to the Union forces.
C) States there did not think that Lincoln’s election alone was a good enough reason to
secede.
D) States there began taking steps to emancipate their slaves.
E) These states considered forming their own republic separate from the North and the
Deep South.
How did economic factors affect the changing position of the United States from 1916
to 1917?
A) The United States was greatly weakened financially by World War I and saw
entering the war as an economic necessity.
B) The United States grew rich from its neutrality during World War I and saw joining
the war as a way of increasing wealth.
C) U-boat attacks increased commerce for the United States by eliminating the
competition, so continued neutrality benefited the nation’s economy.
D) U-boat attacks prevented the United States from trading freely with Europe and
required U.S. involvement.
E) U-boat attacks cost the German government millions of dollars, making them even
more eager to draw the United States into the war.
Why was the Panic of 1837 significant for President Van Buren?
A) Van Buren had to respond but was hampered by his own party’s laissez-faire
policies, dooming his reelection.
B) The Whigs blamed Van Buren for the crisis, further strengthening their popular
appeal.
C) The Democrats blamed Van Buren for the crisis, further strengthening their popular
appeal.
D) Van Buren responded contrary to his political party’s laissez-faire policies, forcing
the economy into enough of a rebound to win him a second term.
E) His predecessor, Jackson, had caused the crisis, so Van Buren was taxed with fixing
it without insinuating the popular president from his own political party.
Why did the Monroe Doctrine make little impression on European powers?
A) They were too occupied with losing their colonial power in the Americas to care
about trade embargoes in the United States.
B) They didn’t see the U.S. as a significant enough military power to feel threatened
about their support of Latin American independence.
C) Europe, especially Britain, couldn”t predict how powerful an influence the U.S.
would have on independent markets in Latin America.
D) Communication was so poor that the European powers didn’t receive news of the
Monroe Doctrine until after they had given up Latin America.
E) Maps were so inaccurate that European powers didn’t have a sense of how close the
United States was to much of Latin America.
The one American who, more than anyone else, symbolized the spirit of the
Enlightenment was ________.
A) Jonathan Edwards
B) George Washington
C) Cotton Mather
D) George Whitefield
E) Benjamin Franklin
The development of profitable commercial agriculture resulted from all of the following
EXCEPT ________.
A) the availability of good land
B) the revolution in marketing
C) improvements in agricultural technology
D) the extension of transportation facilities
E) generous government subsidies to encourage increased production
Which statement best describes the Plains Indians?
A) They were organized into one large and powerful tribal group.
B) They were an insignificant proportion of the total Native American population in the
United States in 1870.
C) They were a complex of tribes, cultures, and bands that assigned most work on the
basis of gender.
D) They were at a distinct disadvantage when fighting whites because of their weapons.
E) They had advanced farming techniques and complex building structures.
How do the views of “new Western historians” contrast with Frederick Jackson Turner’s
thesis about the westward migration?
A) Turner viewed the migration as a fluid back and forth between the East and West,
but new historians point out that very few families who migrated west returned east.
B) Turner viewed the migration as a mix of cultures struggling to get along with Native
Americans, but new historians point out that many Native Americans were helpful to
the new settlers.
C) Turner saw the migration as a wave of white migrants who traveled west, but new
historians look at it as a set of various groups moving in many directions and interacting
with each other.
D) Turner saw the migration as a long process, but new historians have pointed out that
the entire wave of migration was very concentrated and took place over a relatively
short period of time.
E) Turner viewed the migration as a very negative experience for the travelers, but new
historians point out that the experience was both positive and negative.
Which presidential candidate in 1844 ran on a platform calling for the simultaneous
annexation of Texas and assertion of American claims to all of Oregon?
A) Henry Clay
B) James K. Polk
C) Martin Van Buren
D) John Tyler
E) James G. Birney
What was one consequence of the urban growth of the late nineteenth century?
A) urban renewal of neighborhoods
B) growth of middle-class neighborhoods
C) development of urban planning
D) powerful city political machines
E) construction of better housing
The Portuguese explored West Africa searching for ________.
A) lands to settle
B) spices and timber
C) converts to Christianity
D) slaves and gold
E) land for a convict colony
Which of these best describes Wilson’s success in promoting the League of Nations?
A) The League was rejected both by Europe and by American voters.
B) Wilson’s plan was strongly supported in theory, but its terms were contested by
Congress.
C) The plan never had any hope of gaining ratification.
D) The plan was supported internationally and ratified by Congress.
E) He was more successful abroad than domestically.
Why did Oliver H. Kelley first organize the Grange in 1867?
A) to provide social, cultural, and educational activities for farmers
B) to allow farmers to have a say in government
C) to organize farmers into a union for collective bargaining
D) to keep peace between farmers and cattlemen in the West
E) to provide collective insurance for farmers and their land
Which of these was NOT true of the Progressives?
A) They sought to eliminate large corporations and businesses.
B) They acted out of concern about the effects of industrialization.
C) They believed in the possibilities for progress and were hopeful about human nature.
D) They were confident that it was within their right to intervene in people’s lives.
E) They looked to government to implement the reforms they sought.
Which statement best explains why the Boston Tea Party became a famous symbol of
the American Revolution?
A) The Boston Tea Party was one of the most destructive acts in the entire war.
B) The Boston Tea Party was the final action before the first shots that led to the actual
war.
C) The Boston Tea Party showed that the colonists had lost their respect for the British
monarchy.
D) The Boston Tea Party not only killed many soldiers, it also destroyed millions of
dollars worth of property.
E) The Boston Tea Party was an unprecedented act of violence by angry colonists
against the British troops.
Which is the only category in which seventeenth-century colonists in Massachusetts
were more successful than Virginia’s colonists?
A) relating to the Indians
B) establishing the Anglican Church
C) finding a profitable staple crop
D) adopting a concept of community welfare
E) collecting taxes to pay for community services
Which disaster forced state and national attention on working conditions in factories
and stores?
A) Homestead mining strike
B) Farmington fire
C) Ludlow disaster
D) Triangle Shirtwaist fire
E) Hormel stampede