1) Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin K nutrition?
a.Deficiency may lead to hemophilia.
b.Toxicity may increase risk for hemophilia.
c.Absorption is inhibited when bile production diminishes.
d.Supplements are highly effective against osteoporosis.
e.The UL is 10% above the RDA for both men and women, across all age groups.
2) Microangiopathies are disorders of the
a. kidneys.
b. pancreas.
c. capillaries.
d. coronary vessels.
e. eyes.
3) Which item is an essential amino acid?
a. Cysteine
b. Leucine
c. Glutamine
d. Serine
e. Alanine
4) What is the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged
period, maintains a specific function?
a.nutrient allowance
b.nutrient requirement
c.nutrient tolerable limit
d.nutrient adequate intake
e.nutrient recommendation
5) Which statement describes a recognized relationship between dietary fat and cancer?
a. Fat from milk does not increase risk for cancer.
b. Dietary fat initiates rather than promotes cancer formation.
c. High intakes of omega-3 fatty acids promote cancer development in animals.
d. The evidence linking fat intake with cancer is stronger than that linking it with heart
disease.
e. There is a strong link between breast cancer incidence and dietary fat.
6) An infant born with incomplete closure of the spinal cord has
a. spina bifida.
b. macrosomia.
c. anencephaly.
d. FAS.
e. spinal agenesis.
7) How many vitamins are known to be required in the diet of human beings?
a.5
b.8
c.10
d.13
e.17
8) Food exchange systems were originally developed for people with ____.
a.diabetes
b.cancer
c.cardiovascular disease
d.life-threatening obesity
e.neurological impairments
9) Which statement is true of hypoglycemia?
a. It is treated with insulin injections.
b. It is aggravated by high-fiber foods.
c. It is classified as a pre-diabetic condition.
d. It rarely occurs in otherwise healthy people.
e. It is quite common in teenagers but less so in adults and older adults.
10) What population group is at the highest risk for iron overload?
a. Adult men
b. Adult women
c. Pregnant women
d. Adolescents
e. Infants
11) Which characteristic best describes enriched grain products?
a.They have all of the added nutrients listed on the label.
b.They have the fiber restored from the refining procedure.
c.They have virtually all the nutrients restored from refining procedure.
d.They have only 4 vitamins and 4 minerals added by the food manufacturer.
e.They are typically low in calories.
12) The addition of calcium to some orange juice products by food manufacturers is
known as nutrient ____.
a.enrichment
b.restoration
c.fortification
d.mineralization
e.adulteration
13) The amount of vitamin D needed in pregnancy can be obtained by consumption of
fortified milk and
a. low-mercury fish.
b. exposure to the sun.
c. tropical fruit juices.
d. vitamin D supplements.
e. tree nuts.
14) Of the following cereals, which is most likely to result in an allergic reaction upon
first feeding?
a. Oat
b. Rice
c. Corn
d. Wheat
e. Barley
15) Which of the following is indicative of a dietary deficiency of riboflavin?
a.Beriberi
b.Diarrhea
c.Keratomalacia
d.Inflamed mouth membranes
e.Facial clefts
16) About how many meals each week are eaten outside the home by adolescents?
a. 3
b. 7
c. 10
d. 14
e. 18
17) Which of the following is a feature of choline in nutrition?
a.It is an analog of ascorbic acid.
b.It is abundant in green leafy vegetables.
c.The body can synthesize it from cysteine.
d.Average intakes in the United States are lower than recommended.
e.There is no RDA for it.
18) How does obesity increase the risk for developing hypertension?
a. Obesity is associated with altered kidney function and fluid retention leading to
higher blood pressure.
b. The excess fat pads surrounding the kidneys impair blood flow to these organs and
lead to a higher output of renin.
c. Sodium intake in obese people significantly exceeds the recommended intake,
thereby predisposing them to higher blood pressure.
d. Higher lipoprotein lipase activity in obese people triggers the angiotensin cascade,
leading to increased peripheral resistance to blood flow.
e. Obesity alters inflammatory responses, which in turn alters the elasticity of arterial
walls.
19) Explain the difference between heme and nonheme iron. How can the efficiency of
absorption be increased for both types of iron?
20) What is meant by the term atherogenic diet?
21) Give four examples of the reported adverse effects of herbal therapy.
22) In the absence of adequate energy intake, ____________________ are formed from
combining acetyl CoA fragments derived from fatty acids.
23) List six major lifestyle behaviors thought to promote long-term health.
24) Compare and contrast the terms total fiber, dietary fiber, and functional fiber.
25) Lactose intolerance is most common in ____________________ and
____________________.
26) About ____________________ of the energy the average person expends in a day
supports the body’s basal metabolism.