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1) What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?
a. Processed foods
b. Unprocessed foods
c. Natural salt content of foods
d. Salt added during cooking
e. Salt added at the table
2) Which of the following is a feature of bone metabolism?
a. Cortical bone mass alone is diagnostic of osteoporosis
b. Trabecular bone is the chief supplier of blood calcium on a low-calcium diet
c. The strongest predictor of bone density is calcium intake during the third decade of
life
d. Bone density of former smokers never achieves the level found in people who never
smoked
e. Heavy alcohol intake is modestly protective of bone density when beer and wine are
consumed but not when liquor is
3) To gradually replace breast milk with infant formula or other foods appropriate to an
infant’s diet is to
a. feed.
b. wean.
c. nurse.
d. breastfeed.
e. mature.
4) Approximately how many kcalories are provided by one teaspoon of sugar?
a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
e. 50
1)Typical amount (in mL) of water lost from lungs every day
2)Recommended minimum water intake (in mL) for adult expending 2,000 kcalories
3)Enzyme released by kidneys
4)Stimulates retention of sodium by kidneys
5)Stimulates retention of water by kidneys
6)A cation
7)An anion
8)Number of times more acidic a substance with pH of 4 is versus a substance with pH
of 2
9)Most prevalent major mineral in the body
10)Catalyst for ATP formation
11)Crystalline structure of bone
12)Hormone that helps regulate calcium balance
13)The age by which peak bone mass is achieved
14)Recommended calcium intake (mg/day) for college-age students
15)Percentage of dietary calcium absorbed by newborn infants
16)Substance that inhibits absorption of calcium
17)Amount of calcium, in mg, in 2 cups of milk
18)The protein in milk is a good source of this mineral
19)Substance that enhances absorption of calcium
20)Mineral that accounts for the structure of many proteins
6) The primary mechanism by which soy consumption may lower the risk for
osteoporosis is related to
a. greater kidney retention of calcium.
b. the presence of bioavailable calcium.
c. more stable hydroxyapatite crystal formation.
d. the estrogen-like activity of soy phytochemicals.
e. the use of calcium alginate in processing soy beans.
7) Which of the following people are at known risk for potassium depletion?
a. Athletes who are body-builders
b. Construction workers in cold climates
c. Those who ingest low amounts of fresh fruits/vegetables
d. Those who consume insufficient amounts of salted foods
e. Women with heavy menstrual periods
8) What are the observed effects of sleep deprivation on leptin and ghrelin?
a.Leptin and ghrelin both increase
b.Leptin and ghrelin both decrease
c.Leptin decreases while ghrelin increases
d.Leptin increases while ghrelin decreases
e.Sleep deprivation only affects leptin and gherlin in very elderly or unhealthy
individuals.
9) When protein consumption is in excess of body needs and energy needs are met, the
excess amino acids are metabolized and the energy in the molecules is ____.
a. stored as fat only
b. excreted in the feces
c. stored as amino acids only
d. stored as glycogen and fat
e. excreted in the urine
10) What is the recommended range of weight gain, in lbs, during pregnancy for a
normal-weight woman?
a. 10-18
b. 19-24
c. 25-35
d. 36-44
e. 45-55
11) Which of the following is a feature of Accutane?
a.It is effective in treating rickets.
b.It is less toxic than pure vitamin A.
c.It is known to be effective in treating mild but not severe acne.
d.It is known to cause birth defects when used by pregnant women.
e.It is far safer than was once believed.
12) What product has the highest percentage of its fat in saturated form?
a. Butter
b. Walnut oil
c. Beef tallow
d. Coconut oil
e. Chicken fat
13) What term designates foods that contain nonnutrient substances that may provide
health benefits beyond basic nutrition?
a. Health foods
b. Organic foods
c. Functional foods
d. Disease preventative foods
e. Supplemental nutrition
14) Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
a. It is absorbed directly into the blood
b. It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
c. It is not formed in the body when provided by the diet
d. It is found in abundance in tropical fats such as palm oil
e. It has no functions in the healthy body.
15) As a general rule, what minimum number of kcalories per day is necessary to
ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight in men?
a.500
b.800
c.1200
d.1600
e.1800
16) What is the recommended increase in daily energy intake, in kcal, for the third
trimester of pregnancy?
a. 200
b. 340
c. 450
d. 540
e. 600
