1) The main objective of the ACA is to restructure the way health care is delivered in
the US.
2) Delivery of health care with a central focus on specialization cannot maximize
health.
3) Availability of qualified workforce is determined mainly by ecological factors.
4) All MCOs are now required to be accredited by the National Committee for Quality
Assurance.
5) The ACA is going to reduce the need for primary care providers.
6) More than half of MDs are specialists.
7) Elderly in the lowest socioeconomic status are at the greatest risk of need for LTC
services.
8) According to guidelines established by the AMA, osteopaths cannot practice in
non-osteopathic general hospitals.
9) The downsizing of hospitals in the United States began in the mid-1980s.
10) The United Nations contends that greater gender equality will lead to profound and
positive impacts on childrens well-being and development.
11) People with certain disabilities may be covered by Medicare and/or Medicaid.
12) Case management is mainly recommended for patients who need secondary and
tertiary care more often than primary care.
13) The ACA of 2010 imposes an excise tax on the sale of certain medical devices.
14) Patients have the legal right to refuse medical treatment.
15) Community health centers serve primarily:
a. High-income neighborhoods
b. Populations with insurance
c. Populations which are medically underserved
d. Both a and b
16) Managed care was initially welcomed by
a.employers
b.workers
c.private insurance
d.the government
17) When patients have multiple health problems, this is called:
a. Coaffliction
b. Comortality
c. Codependency
d. Comorbidity
18) At the flat of the curve,
a.marginal benefits are zero
b.marginal costs are the highest
c.additional medical treatment is harmful
d.maximum cost-efficiency is achieved
19) What is the major objective of the Affordable Care Act?
a. to reduce cost
b. to provide insurance coverage
c. to enhance quality
d. to simplify administration
20) Primary care is:
a. Longitudinal
b. The portal to the healthcare system
c. Holistic
d. All of the above
21) Which factor was the most instrumental in the growth of nonprofit community
hospitals in the United States?
a.Hill-Burton Act
b.Growth of private health insurance
c.Medical technology
d.Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act
22) In recent years, the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses in nursing homes
a.has decreased
b.has increased
c.has stayed the same
d.has been unknown
23) Lack of insurance can result in:
a. Decreased utilization of lower cost preventive services
b. Increased need for more expensive, emergency health care
c. The spread of infectious diseases
d. All of the above
24) What is the major health challenges of the migrant population?
a. Heart disease
b. Cancer
c. Infectious disease
d. HIV/AIDS
25) Healthcare is considered a social good in:
a. Market justice
b. Social justice
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b
26) What is the primary purpose of certificate-of-need statutes?
a. To increase utilization of primary care services
b. To decrease Medicaid reimbursements for specialty care
c. To control capital expenditures by health facilities
d. To reduce provision of unnecessary health care services
27) To finance Medicare Part A,
a.enrollees are required to pay a subsidized premium
b.only employers are required to pay a payroll tax
c.all income earned by a working person is subject to Medicare tax
d.employee wages are taxed up to a certain ceiling that is raised each year
28) What is the main goal of long-term care?
a.Maintain function and prevent further decline
b.Return a person to independent living
c.Reverse the decline in activities of daily living
d.Cope with multiple chronic conditions
29) What is the primary aim of International Health Regulations?
a.To prevent and respond to acute public health risks
b.Global dissemination of clinical practice guidelines
c.Ban the development and stockpiling of biological agents
d.To call upon international assistance in the event of major disasters
30) Which major public insurance program was legislated in 1965?
a. Medicare
b. Medicaid
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b
31) What has been identified as the main obstacle to uniformity in the scope of practice
for advance practice nurses?
a.Deficits in education and training
b.Different licensing and practice rules across states
c.Lack of partnership with physicians
d.Inadequate information systems
32) John Snow is famous for:
a. Tracing the risk of cholera outbreaks in London to the Broad Street pump
b. Inventing antibiotics
c. Identifying asbestos as a toxic substance
d. Being the first leader of the Environmental Protection Agency
33) What main purpose was served by an almshouse in the preindustrial period?
a.It was used to quarantine people who had contracted a contagious disease
b.It provided free medical care and drugs to ambulatory patients
c.It specialized in performing basic surgeries
d.It performed general welfare and custodial functions
34) A network model HMO
a.employs its own network of physicians
b.exclusively uses the services of an independent practice association
c.owns a network of physicians and hospitals
d.contracts with more than one group practices
35) For most privately insured Americans, health insurance is:
a. Employer-based
b. Financed by the government
c. Privately purchased
d. None of the above
36) To purchase private insurance through an exchange, premium subsidies are made
available to people with incomes up to
a.138% of federal poverty level
b.200% of federal poverty level
c.300% of federal poverty level
d.400%of federal poverty level
37) In the preindustrial period, what was the main role of dispensaries?
a.Dispensaries were affiliated with hospitals to provide charity care
b.Dispensaries functioned as laboratories to conduct diagnostic tests
c.Dispensaries provided basic medical care to ambulatory patients
d.Dispensaries provided advanced medical treatments by private physicians
38) What is the main reason for the lack of success of health care cost control efforts in
the U.S.?
a. Malpractice lawsuits
b. Cost shifting by providers
c. Dislike of the practice by consumers
d. Growth of technology
39) Which of the following is a reason for the growth in outpatient services?
a. Managed care
b. New technology
c. Patient preference
d. All of the above
40) A facility that is certified as NF can
a.admit only Medicaid patients
b.admit only Medicare patients
c. admit both Medicare and Medicaid patients
d.only be a distinct part
41) The primary criterion to become eligible for Medicaid is
a.age
b.medical necessity
c.financial status
d.family emergency
42) What is the role of states in U.S. health policy?
a. Financial support for the care and treatment of the poor
b. Oversight of health care practitioners and facilities
c. Quality assurance
d. All of the above
43) Which racial/ethnic group has the highest rate of uninsurance?
a. White
b. Black or African American
c. Asian or Pacific Islander
d. Hispanic
44) What is the main application of quality-adjusted life years?
a.They are used as a measure of health benefits
b.They are used to determine how long on an average a person is likely to live if a given
technology is indicated for a health condition
c.They are used to evaluate the ethical dimension of technology
d.They are used as indicators of the economic worth of technology
45) The expectations that Americans have about what medical technology can do to
cure illness is based on
a.the technological imperative
b.cultural beliefs and values
c.a higher rate of technology diffusion in the US compared to other countries
d.medical specialization