A case study is one that _____.
A.attempts to capture a population’s characteristics by making inferences from a
sample’s characteristics and testing resulting hypotheses
B.emphasizes a full contextual analysis of a few events or conditions and their
interrelations
C.discovers answers to the questions who, what, when, where, or how much
D.attempts to reveal why or how one variable produces changes in another
E.provides repeated measures over an extended period of time
Which of the following is not an example of an object?
A.Attitude
B.Furniture
C.Dog
D.Class affiliation
E.Weight
Common measures of _____ include the range, interquartile range, variance or standard
deviation, and variation.
A.central tendency
B.variability
C.shape
D.location
E.significance
Jason is entering the data analysis portion of his research project. Data analysis involves
all of the following activities except _____.
A.reducing data to a manageable size
B.developing summaries
C.conducting focus groups
D.looking for patterns
E.applying statistical techniques
Personal interviewing with computer-sequenced questions capable of employing
visualization techniques is called _____.
A.computer-assisted telephone interviewing
B.computer-administered telephone interviewing
C.computer-assisted personal interviewing
D.computer-administered surveying
E.personal-assisted computer interviewing
All of the following are possible goals of an exploratory study except _____.
A.discover future research tasks
B.expand understanding of a topic
C.test hypotheses
D.provide insight
E.develop hypotheses
A _____ is equal to the observation minus the mean.
A.standard deviation
B.deviation score
C.range
D.mode
E.quartile
Outliers are those data points that exceed _____ the interquartile range.
A.+1
B.+1.5
C.+2
D.+2.5
E.+3
Information collected from participants, by observation, or from secondary sources is
called _____.
A.response
B.data
C.knowledge
D.fact
E.perceptual content
Henry Associates is observing shoppers in a retail store. The observers record surface
events like smiling behavior by customers and conclude that smiling behavior is
reflective of satisfaction with the shopping event. This is an example of _____
observation.
A.inferential
B.factual
C.spatial
D.structured
E.trace
Potato chip sales vary directly with the level of television viewing. This is an example
of a _____.
A.research question
B.descriptive hypothesis
C.correlational hypothesis
D.causal hypothesis
E.dichotomous hypothesis
The New York Times Dining Section rates the restaurants it reviews using a system
such that one star means good, two stars means very good, three stars means excellent,
and four stars means extraordinary. Which of the following characteristics are exhibited
by this rating scheme?
A.Classification only
B.Classification and order
C.Classification, order, and distance
D.Classification, order, distance, and origin
E.Classification, order, distance, origin, and exclusivity
The amount of variance a variable shares with all other variables included in the factor
analysis is referred to as _____.
A.communality
B.total variance
C.shared variance
D.percentage of variance
E.eigenvalue
Applied research:
A.Has little direct impact on policy decisions.
B.Is problem directed but not decision directed.
C.Is problem directed and closely related to policy or action needs.
D.Calls for a hypothesis to initiate the research.
E.Is usually conducted in the laboratory.
The search engine consists of?
A.A set of linked documents.
B.A set of computerized databases.
C.An Internet “crawler” and the “indexer” to prepare searchable indexes.
D.All of the above.
_____ is a form of reasoning that draws a conclusion from one or more particular facts
or pieces of evidence.
A.Induction
B.Deduction
C.Empiricism
D.Logic
E.Association
When a subject that ranks higher on one variable also ranks higher on the other
variable, the pairs of observations are said to be _____.
A.correlated
B.causal
C.concordant
D.discordant
E.ordinal
Which of the following is a reason researchers use encyclopedias?
A.To verify spelling
B.To find authors and titles of prior works
C.To locate articles from a large set
D.To find historical information
E.All of the above
A codebook generally contains all of the following information except _____.
A.variable number
B.record number
C.code description
D.instructions for coding
E.variable name
The minimum number of cases used in a cross-case analysis is _____ case(s).
A.one
B.three
C.four
D.fifteen
E.twenty-five
The question, “Can we generalize the results of this experiment to the population at
large?” is addressed by the degree of _____ associated with the experiment in question.
A.internal validity
B.external validity
C.reliability
D.statistical significance
E.substantive significance
For an organization, which of the following is NOT an example of an internal source of
secondary data?
A.The data stored in the records of the Management Information System.
B.Surveys collected by the internal sales staff, from the company’s distributors.
C.A market survey commissioned by the organization, completed three years ago.
D.Inventory records of the materials department.
Rachel is interested in learning the effect of using a celebrity endorsement on sales. The
presence or absence of a celebrity endorsement is the _____ variable.
A.independent
B.dependent
C.mediating
D.criterion
E.continuous
Exploratory research is finished in all of the following situations except when _____.
A.the range and scope of management decisions are established
B.the major dimensions of the research task are established
C.hypotheses are developed
D.additional research is necessary
E.investigative questions are defined
Long reports written for the client are called _____ reports.
A.formal
B.informal
C.memorandum
D.management
E.technical
In which sampling technique, are participants in a study selected by referral?
A.Convenience
B.Judgment
C.Quota
D.Snowball
E.Area
To ensure the ethical treatment of participants, researchers should do all of the
following except _____.
A.explain the benefits of the study
B.provide incentives to participants
C.explain the participants rights
D.explain what steps have been taken to protect participants
E.obtain informed consent
Hilton Hotels wishes to conduct a study on the determinants of brand loyalty among
Hilton Hotel customers. The Hilton organization estimates that 10% of its 2, 600,000
Hilton Honors club members are loyal to the Hilton brand wherever they travel.
However, the remaining members may choose other hotel brands at times. The
organization wants to understand how to increase loyalty among the other 90% of club
members.
In the Hilton example, the Hilton Honors membership list represents the _____.
A.sample
B.sampling frame
C.population
D.population element
E.target population
All of the following are reasons why researchers use machines to record behaviors
except _____.
A.human eye cannot record behavior that happens rapidly
B.humans cannot record and observe simultaneously
C.machines can be disguised easily
D.design may require more than one person to be observed simultaneously
E.trained human observers are expensive
Departmental budgeting means that research budgets are determined by _____.
A.allocating the same amount to research that competing firms allocate
B.the contributions of various departments to fund department-specific projects
C.evaluating projects on a case-by-case basis
D.taking a fixed percentage of some criterion
E.allocating whatever is left after covering other required expenditures
The most reliable form of observation is _____ observation based on overt action or
surface indicators.
A.inferential
B.factual
C.spatial
D.structured
E.trace
Proxemics is one form of _____ observation.
A.nonverbal
B.linguistic
C.spatial
D.mechanical/ digital
E.temporal
It is recommended that the factors extracted should account for at least _____% of the
total variance of the original set of variables.
A.50
B.60
C.70
D.80
E.90
When a question asks a respondent to recall an experience or decision that happened a
long time ago, the data may be affected by _____.
A.the sensitivity of the question
B.memory decay
C.lack of precision
D.an insufficient frame of reference
E.lack of balance
When political researchers assess opinions towards President Bush’s plan for social
security reform, a(n) ______ study is used. However, when political researchers want to
assess the change in opinion towards the war in Iraq from the initial deployment of
troops to the elections in Iraq, a(n) _____ study should be used.
A.monitoring, communication
B.experimental, ex post facto
C.cross-sectional, longitudinal
D.exploratory, formal
E.laboratory, field