1) According to Anderson and Aday, which of the following is an element of realized
access?
a. Enabling characteristics
b. Type, site, and purpose of health services
c. Distribution of health care services according to the patients self-perceived need
d. None of the above
2) Which of these hospitals does not serve the general public?
a.County and city hospitals
b.Proprietary hospitals
c.Federal hospitals
d.Community hospitals
3) Institutional theory predicts that
a.for-profit and nonprofit organizations will imitate each other when faced with similar
regulatory and legal constraints
b.as an enterprise increases in size, its unit overhead costs would decrease
c.as a hospital increases in size, its economies of scale dissipate
d.in competitive markets, both for-profit and nonprofit organizations would deliver
certain essential community benefits
4) Who pioneered the transformation of nursing into a recognized profession?
a.Madame Curie
b.Florence Nightingale
c.Cicely Saunders
d.Sylvia Lack
5) The private medical sector in the US has been heavily regulated by the government
mainly because
a.most health care services are in private hands
b.most people served by the medical establishment are in a position of dependency
c.the government has an interest in monitoring quality for all Americans
d.the government finances Medicare and Medicaid
6) In the delivery of long-term care, customized interventions are carried out according
to
a.an individual assessment
b.a plan of care
c.weekly evaluations by the patient’s physician
d.the philosophy of total care
7) A hybrid between an HMO and a PPO.
a.Point-of-service plans
b.Mixed model HMO
c.IPA
d.Exclusive provider plans
8) The ethical principle of fidelity requires a medical practitioner to
a.keep all patient information confidential
b.perform his or her duty
c.seek consent for treatment
d.tell the truth
9) Which of the following is not considered a New Morbidity?
a. Emotional disorders
b. Drug and alcohol abuse
c. Neighborhood violence
d. Childhood leukemia
10) Expenditures (E) equal:
a. Price (P) minus Quantity (Q)
b. Price (P) plus Quantity (Q)
c. Price (P) divided by Quantity (Q)
d. Price (P) times Quantity (Q)
11) Supply-side rationing is also referred to as:
a. Nonprice rationing
b. Price rationing
c. Planned rationing
d. Both a and c
12) A major factor influencing growth in the health care sector of the U.S. economy is:
a. The aging of the population
b. Increasing fertility rates
c. Declining death rates
d. All of the above
13) Anthro-cultural forces refer to
a.the beliefs and values espoused primarily by middle-class Americans
b.unmet needs among the most vulnerable population groups
c.cultural change brought about by immigration
d.the complex interaction of all the forces of future change
14) What is the main function of the National Institutes of Health?
a.Conduct and support research on health care quality, cost, and access
b.Establish medical subspecialties in US medical schools
c.Provide specialized training for medical specialists
d.Conduct and support biomedical research
15) Which entity oversees the licensure of health care facilities?
a.The Joint Commission
b.Federal government
c.State government
d.Local county or city government
16) Health policies are used in what capacity?
a. Regulation of behaviors
b. Allocation of income, services, or goods
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b
17) Under experience rating,
a.costs shift from people in poor health to people in good health
b.favorable risk groups pay a lower premium than high-risk groups
c.premiums rise for every one regardless of risk
d.deductibles and copayments are eliminated
18) Which legislation was mainly responsible for the decline of Medicare enrollments
in managed care after a rise in enrollments?
a.Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982
b.Balanced Budget Act of 1997
c.Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003
d.Deficit Reduction Act of 2005
19) The FDA was given the authority to review the effectiveness and safety of a new
drug before it could be marketed.
a.Food and Drugs Act, 1906
b.Prescription Drug User Fee Act, 1992
c.Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments, 1962
d.Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, 1938