1) The prices of high-coupon bonds tend to be less sensitive to a given change in
interest rates than low-coupon bonds, other things held constant.
2) Firms raise capital at the total corporate level by retaining earnings and by obtaining
funds in the capital markets. They then provide funds to their different divisions for
investment in capital projects. The divisions may vary in risk, and the projects within
the divisions may also vary in risk. Therefore, it is conceptually correct to use different
risk-adjusted costs of capital for different capital budgeting projects.
3) A call provision gives bondholders the right to demand, or “call for,” repayment of a
bond. Typically, calls are exercised if interest rates rise, because when rates rise the
bondholder can get the principal amount back and reinvest it elsewhere at higher rates.
4) If a stock’s market price exceeds its intrinsic value as seen by the marginal investor,
then the investor will sell the stock until its price has fallen down to the level of the
investor’s estimate of the intrinsic value.
5) The CAPM is built on historic conditions, although in most cases we use expected
future data in applying it. Because betas used in the CAPM are calculated using
expected future data, they are not subject to changes in future volatility. This is one of
the strengths of the CAPM.