The European Central Bank (ECB) pursues a hybrid monetary policy strategy that has
elements in common with the -targeting strategy previously used by the Bundesbank
but also includes some elements of targeting.
A) monetary; inflation
B) inflation; monetary
C) monetary; exchange rate
D) monetary; nominal GDP
The real interest rate for investments reflects not only the short-term real interest rate
set by the central bank, but also the financial frictions. When the policy rate has hit the
floor of zero, to stimulate the economy at given inflation rates, policymakers can
A) lower the financial frictions.
B) lower the short-term real interest rate.
C) lower both the short-term real interest rate and the financial frictions.
D) lower the policy rate.
If interest rates increase from 9 percent to 10 percent, a bank with a duration gap of 2
years would experience a decrease in its net worth of
A) 0.9 percent of its assets.
B) 0.9 percent of its liabilities.
C) 1.8 percent of its liabilities.
D) 1.8 percent of its assets.
Everything else held constant, abolishing the individual income tax will
A) increase the interest rate on corporate bonds.
B) reduce the interest rate on municipal bonds.
C) increase the interest rate on municipal bonds.
D) increase the interest rate on Treasury bonds.
Adverse selection occurs when those ________ likely to get ________ insurance
payoffs are the ones who want to purchase insurance the most.
A) least; large
B) least; small