Which term below refers to a construct that is presumed to exist, but can only be
inferred from data?
A.Conceptual scheme
B.Hypothetical construct
C.Operational definition
D.Confounding variable
E.Extraneous variable
Several psychological principles have important implications for speakers. Which of the
following is true?
A.An audience member comes to the presentation with past knowledge of the speaker’s
topic and will judge the presentation based on selective perception.
B.An audience member comes to the presentation with limited knowledge of the topic
and will remain open-minded throughout the presentation.
C.Each audience member organizes his or her unique construct of the content presented,
which is unrelated to listener experience and openness to change.
D.There is no need for the speaker to attempt to construct imaginatively how the
audience will interpret the message because it is impossible to know in advance.
E.All of the above
Attitudes are a type of _____.
A.object
B.physical property
C.psychological property
D.social property
E.mapping rule
A nominal scale contains _____.
A.mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories as well as the property of
order, but not distance or unique origin
B.the properties of order, classification, and equal distance between points but no
unique origin
C.mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories, but without the properties
of order, distance, and origin
D.the properties of classification, order, equal distance, and unique origin
E.the four major sources of error
In the study of bystanders and thieves presented in the text, participants are invited to a
store where they see someone steal the purse of another customer. The accosted shopper
and the thief are really acting their parts to set the stage for the experiment. Participants
view the robbery alone or with another participant. The study sought to determine
whether participants were more likely to report a robbery when they observe it alone or
in the company of another person.
What is the dependent variable in the bystanders and thieves study?
A.The store environment
B.Exposure to a robbery
C.State of being alone or with another person
D.Act of reporting the robbery or not
E.Reaction of the accosted shopper following the robbery
Which of the following is a condition in which observation is an appropriate method for
data collection?
A.Anonymity is desired
B.Respondents are widely dispersed
C.Attitudinal information is needed
D.Natural setting is imperative
E.Extensive amount of information is needed
A condition called the _____ creates errors when prior observations influence
perceptions of current observations.
A.observer drift
B.groupthink
C.devil’s advocate
D.halo effect
E.self-serving bias
When the variables of interest are measured on nominal or ordinal scales, what should
be used to estimate population proportion?
A.Standard error
B.Standard deviation
C.Sample proportion of incidence (p)
D.Sample proportion of incidence (p) * 1-(p)
E.Sample statistic
Which technique is useful for discovering patterns among the variables in order to
determine if an underlying combination of the original variables can summarize the
original set?
A.Multidimensional scaling
B.Factor analysis
C.Conjoint analysis
D.Discriminant analysis
E.MANOVA
Which term below refers to a trained interviewer used for group interviews such as
focus groups?
A.Therapist
B.Inquisitor
C.Moderator
D.Discussion guide
E.Probe
Which characteristic of good research involves distinguishing between the
organization’s symptoms, its problems, the manager’s perception of the problems, and
the research problem?
A.Clearly defined purpose
B.Detailed research process
C.Thorough research design
D.High ethical standards
E.Justifiable conclusions
Our perception of a presenter’s character affects how believable or convincing we find
that person. The projection of credibility via personal character is called:
A.logos
B.pathos
C.epideictic
D.ethos
E.enthymeme
In the results of the most recent exam taken in the business research class, the average
score was a 74.4. More students earned a 78 than any other score and half the grades
were above 72 and half the grades were below 72.
What is the mode for the business research exam scores?
A.74.4
B.78
C.72
D.50
E.Between 50 and 100
Which tier in the hierarchy of business decision makers sees research as the
fundamental first step in any business venture?
A.Base tier
B.Middle tier
C.Top tier
D.All of the above
E.None of the above
The _____ represents the proportion of total variance in all the variables that is
accounted for by a factor.
A.eigenvalue
B.percentage of variance
C.residual
D.marginal
E.principal component
Which word below best describes nonprobability sampling?
A.Subjective
B.Objective
C.Random
D.Systematic
E.Generalizable
Consider the following statements: “Inner-city household interviewing is especially
difficult and expensive. This survey involves substantial inner-city household
interviewing. The interviewing in this survey will be especially difficult and
expensive.” This is an example of a(n) _____.
A.empirical argument
B.inductive argument
C.exposition
D.deductive argument
E.hypothesis
When two variables vary together but changes in the variables are not due to changes in
the other, a _____ relationship is said to exist.
A.reciprocal
B.asymmetrical
C.causal
D.symmetrical
E.spurious
The observation of human verbal behavior during conversation, presentation, or
interaction is known as _____ observation.
A.nonverbal
B.linguistic
C.extralinguistic
D.spatial
E.temporal
Questions in Web surveys often use drop-down boxes as a manner of displaying the
response choices for a question. This type of display method is particularly prone to
_____.
A.halo effects
B.leniency effects
C.primacy effects
D.recency effects
E.presumption effects
In research presentations, which of the following aspects of the delivery is incorrect?
A.The delivery should be more restrained than in those that seek action or behavioral
change.
B.Demeanor, posture, dress, and total appearance should be appropriate for the
occasion.
C.Speed of speech, clarity of enunciation, pauses, and gestures all play a part.
D.Rapport-developing techniques are not essential because managers are in information
seeking roles.
E.All but “D”
When observation employs standardized procedures, trained observers, schedules for
recording, and other devices that reflect the scientific procedures of other primary data
methods, it is said to be _____ observation.
A.simple
B.systematic
C.organized
D.structured
E.semistructured
Photographic framing or creating a focal point for all visuals involves.
A.use high contrast to draw quickly audience attention to the main point.
B.rule of thirds: the cross-hairs form nine cells with four intersecting crossing points
which may be used to line up the image, creating a balanced, arresting visual.
C.reduce clutter and use only the information and visual techniques necessary to convey
the data, idea, or conclusion.
D.conceptualize the visual support materials on paper before composing the digital
versions.
E.the audience should be able to perceive meaning from the location of elements.
Intermediate storage facilities that compile locally required information are called
_____.
A.data mines
B.data marts
C.decision support systems
D.decision assessment systems
E.data warehouses
The creation of _____ lie at the heart of multidimensional scaling.
A.perceptual maps
B.pair-wise tables
C.part-worth functions
D.eigenvalues
E.covariance matrices
Who answers investigative questions?
A.Management decision makers
B.Researchers
C.Field workers
D.Participants
E.Statisticians
Good research follows the standards of the ______.
A.American Manufacturers Association
B.scientific method
C.scientific management
D.American Association of Public Opinion Research
E.FTC
Automobile is a(n) _____ concept, while service quality is a(n) _____ concept.
A.abstract, objective
B.subjective, objective
C.intangible, tangible
D.objective, abstract
E.factual, perceptual
Which of the following is not included in a good handbook?
A.Statistics
B.Directory information
C.A glossary of terms
D.Lists of consultants in the field
E.References
Which of the following measures is not used as a measure of association for nominal,
nonparametric variables?
A.Chi-square
B.Phi
C.Cramer’s V
D.Contingency coefficient C
E.Z score