Which one of the following tends to be the primary attitude of firms toward their
dividend policy?
A. Dividends should be increased annually no matter what.
B. Dividends should be flexible and adjusted annually in response to changes in the
firms earnings.
C. The costs associated with cutting dividends are perceived to be less than the costs of
obtaining external financing.
D. Once a dividend is increased, it should not be decreased.
E. Dividend smoothing is talked about but is not really a factor that affects dividend
decisions.
Which one of the following is the computation of the risk premium for an individual
security? E(R) is the expected return on the security, Rf is the risk-free rate, ² is the
securitys beta, and E(RM) is the expected rate of return on the market.
A. E(RM) – Rf
B. E(R) – E(RM)
C. E(R) – [E(RM) + Rf]
D. ²[E(RM) – Rf]
E. ²[E(R) – Rf]