Which of the following statements is false?
A) Unlike taxes on capital gains or interest income, which are paid annually, taxes on
dividends are paid only at the time the investor sells the stock.
B) Deferring the payment of capital gains taxes lowers the present value of the taxes,
which can be interpreted as a lower effective capital gains tax rate.
C) Investors with longer holding periods or with accrued losses face a lower tax rate on
equity income, decreasing the effective tax advantage of debt.
D) Investors with accrued losses that they can use to offset gains face a zero effective
capital gains tax rate.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is false?
A) Nonzero alphas may merely indicate that the wrong market proxy is beings used;
they do not necessarily indicate forgone positive NPV investment opportunities.
B) The true market portfolio contains much more than just stocks, it includes bonds,
real estate, art, precious metals, and any other investment vehicles available.
C) If the true market portfolio is efficient, but the proxy portfolio is not highly
correlated with the true market portfolio, then the true market portfolio will not be
efficient and stocks will have nonzero alphas.
D) Much of the investment wealth cannot be included in the proxy for the market
portfolio since it does not trade in competitive markets.
Answer: