Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures, 5e, Global Edition
(Barringer/Ireland)
Chapter 5 Industry and Competitor Analysis
1) Greenvelope, the company profiled in the opening feature of Chapter 5, believes it has created
sufficient barriers to entry to enable it to maintain a leadership position in the invitation industry.
Its barriers to entry include ________.
A) the price-point of its products, the amount of its funding, the strength of its management
team, and its partnership with a major player in the invitations industry
B) its intellectual property, the strength of its brand, its international presence, and its access to
distribution channels
C) the strength of its brand, its network of freelance designers, its social mission, and the
functionality of its Web site.
D) the innovative nature of its products, its network of freelance designers, the strength of its
management team, and economies of scale
E) its international presence, the price-point of its products, its social mission, and the innovative
nature of its products
2) Terry Washington recently started a new firm in the financial services industry. Prior to
starting his firm, he spent considerable time doing research on the potential of the industry. The
research that Terry was doing is called ________ analysis.
A) industry
B) sector
C) commercial
D) business
E) target market
3) A(n) ________ is a group of firms producing a similar product or service, such as soft drinks,
airlines, or smartphone apps.
A) cluster
B) division
C) sector
D) industry
E) network
4) Once a firm decides to enter an industry and chooses a market in which to compete, it must
gain an understanding of its competitive environment. This challenge can be undertaken by
completing a(n) ________ analysis.
A) business
B) industry
C) competitor
D) strategic
E) market
5) Each quarter, Craig Anderson, who owns a chain of auto repair shops, does a detailed analysis
of his firm’s competitors. This analysis is called ________ analysis.
A) competitor
B) challenger
C) strategic
D) participant
E) industry
6) In various studies, researchers have found that from ________ percent of the variation in firm
profitability is directly attributable to the industry in which a firm competes.
A) 4 to 12
B) 8 to 30
C) 18 to 42
D) 22 to 56
E) 34 to 70
7) Industries that sell products to seniors, such as the eyeglass industry and the hearing aid
industry, are benefiting from the aging of the population, which is an important ________ trend.
A) environmental
B) business
C) commerce
D) statutory
E) competitive
8) Many firms benefit from an increasing ability to outsource manufacturing or service functions
to lower-cost foreign countries. This trend is referred to in the textbook as a(n) ________ trend.
A) business
B) environmental
C) commerce
D) statutory
E) economic
9) The Partnering for Success feature in Chapter 5 focuses on three things that are important for
startups to become active in to learn the ins and outs of their industries. The three items focused
on in the feature are ________.
A) local Chambers of Commerce, trade journals, and networking events
B) Facebook, industry-related e-mail listservs, and trade shows
C) trade associations, trade shows, and trade journals
D) networking events, blogs, and Facebook
E) local Chambers of Commerce, city or university-sponsored incubators, and trade associations
10) Industry analysis is business research that focuses on the potential of an industry.
11) A comparison analysis is a detailed evaluation of a firm’s competitors.
12) An industry is a group of firms producing a similar product or service, such as tires, life
insurance, or smartphone apps.
13) The two trends that are most important to focus on in an industry analysis are business trends
and environmental trends.
14) Business trends include economic trends, social trends, technological advances, and political
and regulatory changes.
15) What is industry analysis? Why is it important for a new venture to complete a thorough
analysis of the industry it is entering?
16) According to the textbook, the five competitive forces included in the Five Forces model
determine the average ________.
A) rate of new business starts in an industry
B) growth rate for the firms in an industry
C) rate of return for the firms in an industry
D) sales for the firms in an industry
E) failure rate for the firms in an industry
17) According to the textbook, how do well-managed firms respond to the five forces that
determine industry profitability?
A) They switch industries if the forces are too compelling.
B) They focus on one force intently and excel by overcoming that force.
C) They overcome each of the forces.
D) They ignore the forces.
E) They try to position their firms in a way that avoids or diminishes the forces.
18) In general, industries are more attractive when the ________.
A) majority of the threats are high
B) majority of the threats are low
C) threat of each of the forces is neutral-neither low nor high
D) threat of each of the five forces is high
E) threat of each of the five forces is low
19) Generally, industries are more attractive when the threat of substitutes is ________.
A) high
B) low
C) neutral (neither high or low)
D) high for manufacturing firms and low for service firms
E) high for service firms and low for manufacturing firms
20) The price of prescription medicine is high, partly because when someone is sick there is no
real alternative to buying medicine if they want to get better. Which of Porter’s five forces
explains how this aspect of the prescription medicine industry helps keep profitability high?
A) Rivalry among existing firms
B) Threat of new entrants
C) Threat of substitutes
D) Bargaining power of buyers
E) Bargaining power of suppliers
21) Which of Porter’s five forces is most closely associated with the concept “barrier to entry”?
A) Bargaining power of suppliers
B) Rivalry among existing firms
C) Threat of new entrants
D) Bargaining power of buyers
E) Threat of substitutes
22) Which of the following is not one of the major sources of barriers to entry?
A) Product differentiation
B) Capital requirements
C) Buyer group concentration
D) Access to distribution channels
E) Government and legal barriers
23) Shelly Brunner owns a sports-themed restaurant which is located in an upscale business
district in Chicago. One advantage that Shelly has is that she bought the lot she built her
restaurant on 25 years ago when lots in the area were selling for $50,000. Shelly knows that
several potential competitors have looked at bare lots near his business but haven’t been willing
to pay the asking prices, which are as high as $500,000. Which of the six major sources of
barriers to entry is causing a disincentive for new firms to enter Shelly’s industry?
A) Capital requirements
B) Economies of scale
C) Product differentiation
D) Government and legal barriers
E) Cost advantage independent of size
24) Some industries, like the athletic shoe industry, are dominated by a small number of firms
with strong brands. These industries are difficult to break into without spending heavily on
advertising. The barrier to entry that the firms in these types of industries have erected is referred
to as ________.
A) government and legal barriers
B) capital requirements
C) product differentiation
D) cost advantages independent of size
E) access to distribution channels
25) Which of Porter’s five forces is most directly influenced by the number and balance of
competitors, degree of difference between products, growth rate of an industry, and level of fixed
costs?
A) Threat of new entrants
B) Rivalry among existing firms
C) Threat of substitutes
D) Bargaining power of buyers
E) Bargaining power of suppliers
26) If a startup pioneers an industry or a new concept within an industry, the name recognition
the startup establishes may create a formidable nontraditional barrier to entry referred to as a(n)
________.
A) unique business model
B) aggressive supremacy
C) competitive superiority
D) first-mover advantage
E) aggressive tactical advantage
27) According to the example provided in Chapter 5, www.1800contacts.com possesses a
nontraditional barrier to entry referred to as ________.
A) unique business model
B) strength of management team
C) access to distribution channels
D) Internet domain name
E) first-mover advantage
28) Which of the following was not identified in the textbook as a nontraditional barrier to entry?
A) Strength of management team
B) First-mover advantage
C) Unique business model
D) Product differentiation
E) Internet domain name
29) Supplier concentration, switching costs, attractiveness of substitutes, and threat of forward
integration are factors that have a direct impact on ________.
A) threat of new entrants
B) bargaining power of buyers
C) rivalry among existing firms
D) threat of substitutes
E) bargaining power of suppliers
30) Tim Rutherford is thinking about starting a firm in the medical equipment industry. In the
industry analysis Tim has been conducting, one thing he has noticed is that the medical
equipment industry is characterized by buyer group concentration. This factor concerns Tim
because it tells him that the profitability of the medical equipment industry is potentially
suppressed by the ________.
A) threat of substitutes
B) bargaining power of buyers
C) rivalry among existing firms
D) bargaining power of suppliers
E) threat of new entrants
31) The five competitive forces model is a framework for understanding the structure of an
industry.
32) The best industry to enter is an industry where the threat of each of Porter’s five forces is
high.
33) There are four factors that determine the threat of new entrants: number and balance of
competitors, degree of difference between products, growth rate of an industry, and level of fixed
costs.
34) In most industries, the major determinant of industry profitability is the level of competition
among the firms already competing in the industry.
35) If the buyers are concentrated and they buy from a large number of suppliers, then the
bargaining power of buyers is increased.
36) Identify the five competitive forces that determine industry profitably. Explain the purpose of
analyzing these forces?
37) Discuss the nontraditional barriers to entry identified in the chapter. Why is it important that
entrepreneurial firms utilize one or more of these forms of barriers to entry?
38) According to the textbook, the Five Forces model can be used in the following two ways:
________.
A) first, to help a firm determine whether it should enter an industry in an aggressive or a
conservative manner, and second, to help a firm determine whether to compete in international
markets in that industry.
B) first, to help a firm determine if it should enter a single or multiple niches in an industry, and
second, to help a firm determine whether it can be competitive in that industry
C) first, to help a firm determine what industry it is best equipped to compete in, and second, to
help a firm determine whether to compete in international markets in that industry
D) first, to help a firm determine what niche to enter within an industry, and second, to help a
firm determine whether it can be competitive in that industry
E) first, to help a firm determine whether it should enter a particular industry, and second, to help
a firm discern whether it can carve out an attractive position in that industry
39) Brain Sentry is starting a firm in the small industry that helps football teams discern whether
a player has suffered a concussion. This industry is still so new that no standard operating
procedures have been developed. The industry Brain Sentry is entering is an example of a(n)
________ industry.
A) mature
B) declining
C) emerging
D) global
E) fragmented
40) The primary opportunity existing for startups in emerging industries is to ________.
A) consolidate the industry and establish industry leadership as a result of doing so
B) win customers by placing an emphasis on service and process innovation
C) pursue a niche strategy, which focuses on a narrow segment of the industry that might be
encouraged to grow through product or process innovation
D) capture a first-mover advantage
E) pursue a cost reduction strategy, which is accomplished through achieving lower costs than
industry incumbents through process innovation
41) A(n) ________ industry is one that is characterized by a large number of firms of
approximately equal size.
A) fragmented
B) mature
C) declining
D) emerging
E) global
42) The primary opportunity existing for startups in fragmented industries is to ________.
A) pursue a niche strategy, which focuses on a narrow segment of the industry that might be
encouraged to grow through product or process innovation
B) win customers by placing an emphasis on service and process innovation
C) capture a first-mover advantage
D) pursue a cost reduction strategy, which is accomplished through achieving lower costs than
industry incumbents through process innovation
E) consolidate the industry and establish industry leadership as a result of doing so
43) A(n) ________ industry is an industry that is experiencing slow or no increase in demand.
A) declining
B) global
C) mature
D) emerging
E) fragmented
44) According to the textbook, Justin’s in peanut butter, Pure Fix Cycles in bicycles, and Flings
Bins in trash bags are examples of entrepreneurial firms who are exploiting opportunities in
________ industries.
A) emerging
B) fragmented
C) declining
D) mature
E) consolidated
45) According to the textbook, Chipotle Mexican Grill in fast-casual restaurants and 1-800-
GOT_JUNK? in junk removal are examples of entrepreneurial firms who are exploiting
opportunities in ________ industries.
A) global
B) declining
C) mature
D) emerging
E) fragmented
46) According to the textbook, Nucor in steel, JetBlue in airlines, and Cirque du Soleil in
circuses are examples of entrepreneurial firms who are exploiting opportunities in ________
industries.
A) fragmented
B) emerging
C) declining
D) global
E) mature
47) Opportunities for leadership, niche, harvest and divestment are associated with ________
industries.
A) mature
B) emerging
C) declining
D) fragmented
E) global
48) A(n) ________ industry is an industry that is experiencing significant international sales.
A) global
B) mature
C) fragmented
D) declining
E) emerging
49) The two most common strategies pursued by firms in global industries are the ________
strategy and the ________ strategy.
A) inclusive, multidomestic
B) multidomestic, global
C) multidomestic, worldwide
D) inclusive, global
E) home, worldwide
50) Firms that pursue a(n) ________ strategy compete for market share on a country-by-country
basis and vary their product or service offerings to meet the demands of the local market.
A) inclusive
B) universal
C) multidomestic
D) contemporary
E) worldwide
51) Kellen West recently launched a firm in the fruit drink industry, and has already exported his
fruit drinks to 11 different countries. One thing that Kellen’s firm is doing is that it is varying the
tastes of the fruit drinks it sells on a country-by-country basis to meet the demands of the local
markets. Kellen’s firm is pursuing a ________ strategy.
A) global
B) home
C) universal
D) contemporary
E) multidomestic
52) Katherine Chapman recently launched a firm in the clothing industry, targeting 13-17 year
olds. One thing Katherine thinks she has accomplished is producing products that have universal
appeal, so she will not vary her approach from country to country. Katherine is pursuing a
________ strategy.
A) universal
B) multidomestic
C) contemporary
D) global
E) home
53) A fragmented industry is a new industry in which standard operating procedures have yet to
be developed.
54) An emerging industry is one that is characterized by a large number of firms of
approximately equal size.
55) The primary opportunity available to firms in fragmented industries is consolidation. The
most common way to do this is through a geographic roll-up strategy, in which one firm starts
acquiring similar firms that are located in different geographic areas.
56) A fragmented industry is an industry that is experiencing slow increases in demand,
numerous repeat customers, and limited product innovation.
57) Firms that pursue a multidomestic strategy use the same basic approach in all foreign
markets.
58) What is an emerging industry? What is the primary opportunity available to entrepreneurial
firms in emerging industries? Name three examples of firms in emerging industries.
59) According to the textbook, the first step in a competitor analysis is to ________.
A) develop a marketing plan
B) develop the strategic plan
C) study the strength of the industry
D) study the external environment
E) determine who the competition is
60) According to the textbook, the three different types of competitors a business will face are
________.
A) potential, direct, and upcoming
B) indirect, fleeting, and future
C) serious, cautious, and future
D) direct, indirect, and future
E) potential, fleeting, and indirect
61) In the context of competitor analysis, businesses that offer identical or similar products are
referred to as ________ competitors.
A) immediate
B) direct
C) indirect
D) straight
E) urgent
62) Aquafina operates in the bottled water industry. The companies that offer identical or similar
products and go after the same customers that Aquafina does are Dasani and Zephyrhills. Dasani
and Zephyrhills are Aquafina’s ________ competitors.
A) direct
B) indirect
C) future
D) impending
E) potential
63) In the context of competitor analysis, ________ competitors offer close substitutes to the
product sold by the firm completing the analysis.
A) potential
B) direct
C) indirect
D) impending
E) future
64) In the beverage industry, soda, fruit juice, and sports drinks are ________ competitors of
bottled water.
A) occasional
B) infrequent
C) indirect
D) direct
E) future
65) In the context of competitor analysis, ________ competitors are companies that are not yet
direct or indirect competitors but could move into one of these roles at any time.
A) stable
B) roundabout
C) impending
D) approximate
E) future
66) The information that is gathered by a firm to learn about its competitors is referred to as
________.
A) a feasibility appraisal
B) a workable appraisal
C) a practical assessment
D) a viable assessment
E) competitive intelligence
67) The Savvy Entrepreneurial Firm feature in Chapter 5 focuses on three firms that are doing
well in crowded industries as ________.
A) they have effectively differentiated themselves from their competitors and have captured a
first-mover advantage
B) they have passionate leaders and run savvy promotional campaigns
C) they have captured a first-mover advantage and have unique business models
D) they create meaningful value for customers at a fair price and have differentiated themselves
from their competitors
E) they are low-cost leaders and run savvy promotional campaigns
68) Amy has just launched a firm in the sports drink industry. She has decided to complete a grid
to see how she stacks up against her competitors. Along the horizontal axis of the grid she lists
her firm along with her major competitors. Along the vertical axis of the grid she lists the main
competitive factors in her industry. Amy is completing a ________.
A) strategic analysis spreadsheet
B) tactical analysis framework
C) competitive analysis grid
D) strategic analysis grid
E) behavioral analysis spreadsheet
69) The What Went Wrong? feature in Chapter 5 focused on Digg, a Web site that was once one
of the hottest sites on the Internet but eventually failed. According to the feature, through a series
of missteps Digg ________.
A) failed to conduct sufficient competitor analysis
B) succumb to the bargaining power of suppliers
C) lost its way and its place in its industry
D) was unable to erect sufficient barriers to entry
E) succumb to the bargaining power of buyers
70) The first step in a competitor analysis is to determine who the competition is.
71) A firm’s future competitors are its most important ones.
72) The three types of competitors a business will face are direct competitors, indirect
competitors, and future competitors.
73) The information that is gathered by a firm to learn about its competitors is referred to as
tactical intelligence.
74) A competitive analysis grid is a tool for organizing the information a firm collects about its
competitors.
75) What is competitive intelligence? What are some of the ways that a firm can ethically obtain
information about its competitors?