I am really frustrated and unsatisfied with my work right now. I need my leader to
a. Nurture me
b. Involve me
c. Challenge me
d. Direct me
Laissez-faire leadership represents the absence of leadership.
a. True
b. False
The cultural dimension in which organizations encourage and reward members for
excellence is
a. Humane orientation.
b. Assertiveness.
c. Power distance.
d. Performance orientation.
According to Walumbwa et al. (2010), when leaders are authentic, employees engage in
more organizational citizenship behaviors.
a. True
b. False
Which viewpoint is a perspective of authentic leadership that is leader centered?
a. Intrapersonal
b. Interpersonal
c. Developmental
d. Fundamental
The clinical paradigm in psychodynamic approach attempts to discover how leaders and
organizations really work.
a. True
b. False
During the mature partnership phase of leadership making, the exchanges are
a. Low quality
b. Medium quality
c. Moderately high quality
d. High quality
One weakness of the culture and leadership research is
a. Self-protective leader behaviors were consistent across all 10 cultural clusters
b. The definitions of some cultural dimensions and leadership behaviors are unclear
c. Hofstede’s five dimensions should have been used, not the nine dimensions from
GLOBE research
d. The subscales of leadership behaviors showed strong validity but lacked reliability
Fisher associates all of the following positive communication behaviors with emergent
leadership, except
a. Being verbally involved
b. Establishing roles
c. Seeking others’ opinions
d. Initiating new ideas
Research on gender and leadership has been conducted primarily in
a. Western contexts
b. The United States of America
c. Eastern European contexts
d. Southeast Asian contexts
Which premise of the clinical paradigm focuses on how emotions form the basis for the
internalization of mental representations of self and others that guide our relationships?
a. Mental life lies outside of conscious awareness
b. Human development is an intra- and interpersonal process
c. There is rationale behind every act
d. How we regulate and express emotions is central to a person’s identity
Criticisms of transformational leadership are that it is elitist and antidemocratic, and it
suffers from heroic leadership bias.
a. True
b. False
Regulation and expression of emotions is the clinical paradigm premise that forms the
basis for the internalization of mental representations of how we interact with others.
a. True
b. False
Factor(s) that contribute to leadership effectiveness and rise of female leaders include
all of the following except
a. Organizational culture is changing.
b. Greater negotiation power for women.
c. Higher effectiveness when the majority of subordinates are men.
d. Effectiveness and predominance of women-owned businesses.