Product team structure and matrix structure are especially suitable for managing
innovation in high-tech organizations.
Flattening the hierarchy, so that authority relationships are clearly defined, and
decentralizing authority can remove a major source of organizational conflict.
The incrementalist model of decision-making, developed by Henry Mintzberg and his
colleagues, describes how decision-making takes place when uncertainty is high.
According to Greiner’s model of organizational growth, organizations experience a
crisis of control during the “growth through creativity” stage.
In general, top-down change is easier to implement than bottom-up change because it
provokes less resistance.
Co-optation is a particularly important tool in coalition management.
Exploitation involves organizational members searching for and experimenting with
new kinds or forms of organizational activities and procedures to increase effectiveness.
A mechanistic structure is the appropriate structure for managing continuous-process
technology.
During stage 1 of a stage-gate development funnel, prospective project managers draft a
detailed new product development plan which contains information about topics such as
human resource requirements and strategic and financial objectives.
An organization is a tool people use to coordinate their actions to obtain something they
desire or value.
The organizational growth stage in the organizational life cycle is associated with the
greatest chance of failure.
Transaction costs are the costs associated with negotiating, monitoring, and governing
exchanges between people.
According to Thompson’s model of technology, which of the following types of task
interdependence among subunits is most likely to lead to a conflict?
A) sequential task interdependence
B) associative task interdependence
C) pooled task interdependence
D) reciprocal task interdependence
Pension and severance pay are the examples of the property rights given to the
________.
A) suppliers
B) customers
C) workforce
D) shareholders
Under which of the following situations, a company is most likely to experience high
levels of environmental richness?
A) the company uses a matrix organizational structure
B) the company is not able to obtain sufficient quantity of required raw material due to
new government restrictions
C) the company is highly centralized
D) the company has a monopoly in its industry
As the ________, the environmental uncertainty decreases.
A) environmental complexity decreases
B) environmental dynamism increases
C) environmental richness decreases
D) environmental naturalness increases
A son of a mobster believes that it is ethical to steal if it is in the best interest of his
family. This view comes from ________.
A) justice model of ethics
B) professional ethics
C) personal ethics
D) moral rights model of ethics
Which of the following organizational positions is considered to be a part of corporate
management?
A) project manager
B) chief operating officer
C) divisional manager
D) plant supervisor
According to Charles Perrow, task analyzability is the ________.
A) number of exceptions encountered while performing a task
B) degree to which the actions of one person affect another person’s ability to perform
his or her tasks
C) maximum number of tasks a worker is assigned
D) degree to which search activity is needed to solve a problem
Which of the following is one of the ways of managing conflict through attitude
change?
A) conducting employee wellness programs
B) rotating employees among subunits
C) using the 360 degrees appraisal procedure for performance evaluation
D) centralizing decision-making authority
According to Kotter and Heskett, ________ cultures are those that value innovation and
encourage and reward experimenting and risk taking by middle and lower-level
managers.
A) associative
B) inert
C) mechanistic
D) adaptive
The ________ states that work expands to fill the time available.
A) Parkinson’s law
B) principle of the minimum chain of command
C) Gissel doctrine
D) Bradford’s law
The distribution of property rights in an organization influences the ________.
A) stance of the organization on the corporate social responsibility
B) individual ethics of the employees
C) instrumental values that shape employee behavior
D) richness of the organization’s environment
An organization using which of the following technologies, as identified by Thompson,
is most likely to use vertical integration as a strategy for reducing uncertainty?
A) mediating technology
B) long-linked technology
C) sequential-process technology
D) intensive technology
The use of power to influence decision-making is most effective when power is
________.
A) based on nonsubstitutability
B) unobtrusive
C) based on expertise
D) referent
Which of the following statements is true of an organization that adopts an organic
structure to deal with high environmental uncertainty?
A) The organization needs to decentralize decision-making.
B) The organization should have low levels of differentiation.
C) The organization needs to adopt formalized rules and procedures.
D) The organization should increase the level of standardization.
Which of the following terms best describes the system of hierarchical reporting
relationships in an organization?
A) line of control
B) span of authority
C) matrix of hierarchy
D) chain of command
A(n) ________ structure has functions grouped together according to the specific
demands of products, markets, or customers.
A) divisional
B) concurrent
C) functional
D) differentiated
Differentiate between specific environment and general environment.
Explain how organizational culture facilitates personal and team interactions that are
necessary to develop organizational competences and obtain a competitive advantage.
Describe the various ways in which a CEO can influence organizational effectiveness
and decision-making.
What are the two types of organizational decisions?
Explain the difference between a wheel configuration and a circle configuration of a
top-management team.
Describe the four stages of a product development cycle.
What is an organizational role?
Explain the characteristics of continuous-process technology as described by Joan
Woodward.