Trademarks give their owner the sole legal right to use certain names or symbols and
control the use to which they are put.
Isomorphism is normative when organizations intentionally imitate and copy one
another to increase their legitimacy.
Typically, the sales function in an organization uses a tall, centralized structure to
coordinate its activities.
As compared to quantum innovations, incremental innovations are more likely to cause
major changes in an environment and to increase uncertainty.
Serial socialization tactics require newcomers to figure out and develop their own way
of behaving and they are not told what to do.
In a rich, stable, and simple environment, resources are easy to come by and uncertainty
is low.
In Pondy’s model of organizational conflict, the “felt conflict” stage comes immediately
before the “perceived conflict” stage.
The use of power to influence decision-making is most effective when power is based
on specialized knowledge.
A multidomestic strategy is oriented toward cost reduction, with all the principal
value-creation functions centralized at the lowest cost global location.
Mass production technology is based on sequential task interdependence.
Outside directors of a corporation are full-time employees of the corporation.
Evolutionary change has a much broader focus than revolutionary change.
One prime political tactic that an individual or subunit can use to increase power is to
become indispensable to the organization.
As companies change from a multidomestic to an international, global, or transnational
strategy, they require a more complex structure, control system, and culture to
coordinate the value-creation activities associated with implementing that strategy.
A lightweight team leader is given primary control over key human, technological, and
financial resources for the duration of the project.
Intensive technology is characterized by a work process where input, conversion, and
output activities are inseparable.
An organization in which innovation is going on at all hierarchical levels and across all
functions and divisions is known as a collateral organization.
Sequential socialization tactics provide newcomers with explicit information about the
sequence in which they will perform new activities or occupy new roles as they
advance in an organization.
Which of the following statements is most likely to be true regarding organizational
inertia?
A) An increase in organization inertia leads to a proportional increase in economies of
scope.
B) Organizational inertia is caused due to forces outside an organization that make it
difficult for the organization to change.
C) An increase in organization inertia leads to a proportional decrease in division of
labor.
D) Overly bureaucratic culture is one of the factors that cause organizational inertia.
An organization is most likely to pursue a personalization approach to knowledge
management when ________.
A) the different functions in the organization provide standardized information which
can be used by other functions for mutual adjustment
B) the organization wants to collect, analyze, and store knowledge in databases where it
can be retrieved easily by users who input organization-specific commands and
keywords.
C) the organization operates in a rapidly changing technical environment and provides
customized products and solutions to clients
D) the organization wants to implement standard rules and operating procedures
The interactions of the members of a surgical operating team, the cooperative efforts of
scientists in a research and development laboratory, and techniques developed by
assembly-line workers are all examples of competences and technology at the
________ level.
A) functional
B) external resource
C) environmental
D) organizational
As per the resource dependence theory, in which of the following situations is an
organization said to be weak?
A) the organization is highly centralized
B) there are only a few suppliers of a resource needed by the organization
C) the organization uses a divisional organizational structure
D) the organization manufactures a wide variety of products
The bias toward escalation of commitment is reinforced by a(n) ________ approach to
decision-making.
A) rational
B) unstructured
C) incrementalist
D) garbage can
A company uses new technological developments to improve its service to customers
and to increase products’ quality and reliability. This information indicates that the
company is taking the ________ approach to measure organizational effectiveness.
A) external resource
B) technical
C) internal systems
D) competitive
Which of the following is a characteristic of organic structures?
A) joint specialization of tasks
B) standardization of procedures
C) centralization of authority
D) simple methods of integration
Which of the following organizational learning strategies, proposed by James March,
involves organizational members learning ways to refine and improve existing
organizational activities and procedures to increase effectiveness?
A) exploration
B) association
C) exploitation
D) reciprocation
A salesperson for a computer accessories manufacturer reports to the sales manager of
the computer screen division. Identify the integrating technique used in this case.
A) hierarchy of authority
B) direct contact
C) integrating role
D) liaison role
All the fast-food restaurants in Houston, Texas, compete to obtain environmental
resources in the form of dollars that people are willing to spend on to obtain food
conveniently. This group of restaurants is an example of a(n) ________.
A) group of boundary spanners
B) cluster of environmental niches
C) aggregation of marketers
D) population of organizations
Which of the following theories states that an organization must respond to the needs
and demands of other organizations in its environment?
A) contingency theory
B) the enacted environment concept
C) resource dependence theory
D) transaction cost theory
A ________ organization is one in which innovation is going on at all hierarchical
levels and across all functions and divisions.
A) knowledge-creating
B) collateral
C) mechanistic
D) boundaryless
Typically, the manufacturing function in an organization uses ________.
A) a high level of standardization
B) an organic structure
C) a flat organizational structure
D) decentralized decision-making
________, a German sociologist, developed bureaucratic organizing principles that
underlie effective organizational structure.
A) Frederick Herzberg
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Max Weber
D) Daniel Bell
Which of the following statements is true regarding skunk works?
A) A skunk works assumes full responsibility for the commercialization of the new
product and for achieving the desired profit targets.
B) A skunk works is a team of employees working in the finance department in an
organization who look after the financial viability of the new product.
C) A skunk works is dissolved when the product is brought to market.
D) A skunk works is a team in an organization that is responsible for quality control.
Organizational ________ is a set of shared values and norms that controls
organizational members’ interactions with each other and with people outside the
organization.
A) hierarchy
B) culture
C) structure
D) design
A ________ structure is commonly used by food processors, furniture makers, and
companies that make personal care products, paper products, or other products that are
broadly similar and use the same set of support functions.
A) product division
B) market
C) multidivisional
D) product team
Which of the following is a terminal value?
A) excellence
B) taking risks
C) working hard
D) being honest
What is the principle of minimum chain of command?
Write a brief note on how organizations balance centralization and decentralization.
Discuss Lewin’s force-field theory of change.
What are the two principal types of technological change?
Explain the concept of information synergies.