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Servicing the needs of new kinds of customer groups and tailoring products to suit them
are relatively simple in a functional structure.
In a bureaucratic organization, individuals can be held accountable for what they do,
and such accountability reduces the transaction costs.
Intrapreneurs are entrepreneurs inside an organization who are responsible for the
success or failure of a project.
Business-level strategy is the responsibility of the top-management team.
The shape of an organization, depicted by its organizational chart, determines how
effectively the organization's decision-making and communication systems work.
Standardization makes it easier to increase span of control.
Organizations that follow an r-strategy are usually established in other environments
and wait to enter a new environment until the uncertainty in that environment is
reduced and the correct way to compete is apparent.
Decreasing the level of integration is one major way in which organizations can manage
the problem of differences in subunit goals.
Decentralizing authority to a subordinate does not necessarily reduce a manager's
authority.
The most important determinant of the length of a product's life cycle is the rate of
technological change.
The need to coordinate and integrate global activities increases as a company moves
from a transnational strategy to a multidomestic strategy.
A computer-integrated manufacturing system eliminates the need to retool machines
physically.
An organization's strategy is a specific pattern of decisions and actions that managers
take to use core competences to achieve a competitive advantage and outperform
competitors.
In a bureaucracy, obedience is owed to a person because of the level of authority and
responsibility associated with the organizational position the person occupies.
The conversion process that results from small-batch and unit technology tends to be
flexible.
According to the ________, an organization should minimize its dependence on other
organizations for resources and find ways of influencing them to make resources
available.
A) organizational theory
B) resource dependence theory
C) contingency theory
D) group theory
When an organization uses a ________ approach to knowledge management, it ensures
that knowledge is carefully collected, analyzed, and stored in databases where it can be
retrieved easily by users who input organization-specific commands and keywords.
A) cognitive
B) personalization
C) codification
D) systems thinking
Which of the following refers to the compromise that emerges when decision-making
and coordination are evolutionary processes and people use their judgment to address a
problem?
A) centralization
B) mutual adjustment
C) formalization
D) standardization
Planned organizational change is normally targeted at improving effectiveness at one or
more of four different levels: human resources, ________, technological capabilities,
and organizational capabilities.
A) profitability of suppliers
B) environmental richness
C) bargaining power of customers
D) functional resources
Which of the following statements is true regarding a wheel configuration of a
top-management team?
A) In the wheel configuration, top managers from different functions interact with one
another and with the CEO.
B) The wheel configuration works best when problems are complex and
nonprogrammed decision-making is required.
C) The wheel configuration slows organizational learning.
D) Communication around a wheel configuration takes much less time than that
required for communication around a circle configuration.
Which of the following is an organizational design that groups people and resources in
two ways simultaneously: by function and by product?
A) product team structure
B) market structure
C) geographic structure
D) matrix structure
When an organization is using the ________ model of decision-making, it becomes an
"organized anarchy" in which the decision about which alternative to select depends on
which manager or coalition has the most influence or power to sway other decision
makers at that moment.
A) incrementalist
B) Carnegie
C) garbage-can
D) rational
Which of the following terms refers to a strategy that manages symbiotic
interdependencies by neutralizing problematic forces in the specific environment?
A) joint venture
B) strategic alliance
C) cooptation
D) franchising
Which of the following refers to the integration mechanism where a new team of
managers is created to coordinate the activities of functions or divisions?
A) integrating department
B) direct contact
C) task force
D) hierarchy of authority
________ goals are guiding principles that the organization formally states in its annual
report and in other public documents.
A) Operative
B) Profit
C) Tactical
D) Official
Mobile computing devices, such as smartphones and tablet computers, are currently in
the ________ stage of the product life cycle.
A) embryonic
B) growth
C) mature
D) decline
Which of the following structures is the most appropriate for an organization that
pursues a low-cost strategy?
A) functional structure
B) product team structure
C) organic structure
D) matrix structure
Which of the following is most likely to increase environmental uncertainty?
A) increase in the richness of the environment
B) decrease in the dynamism of the environment
C) decrease in the depth of the environment
D) increase in the complexity of the environment
Organizations are born when people called ________ recognize and take advantage of
opportunities to use their skills and competences to create value.
A) boundary spanners
B) entrepreneurs
C) whistle-blowers
D) free riders
Which of the following is most likely to increase the bureaucratic costs?
A) changing the organization structure from functional to divisional
B) decreasing the number of managers
C) increasing the number of hierarchical levels
D) decreasing the level of standardization
According to ________ theory, an organization's design should permit each function to
develop a structure that suits its human and technical resources.
A) strategic choice
B) contingency
C) resource dependence
D) transaction cost
Intel's Pentium chip is an example of a(n) ________ innovation.
A) mimetic
B) incremental
C) normative
D) quantum
________ technological change refers to the improvements that are continuously made
to particular technologies over time.
A) Quantum
B) Normative
C) Incremental
D) Mimetic
The technique of total quality management (TQM) was developed by ________.
A) Kenneth Arrow
B) William Easterly
C) W. Edwards Deming
D) Kaoru Ishikawa
Who are the inside stakeholders of an organization?
Describe the various control problems that emerge in a functional structure.
Describe the conflict resolution strategies that can be implemented at the organizational
structure level.
Briefly describe the contingency approach to organizational design.
List four examples of "organizational outputs."
Define "organizational conflict."
