Which examination focuses on areas such as appearance, behavior, feeling, perception,
and thinking, and is used to screen for psychosis?
a. mental-status examination
b. the SAT
c. the Myers Briggs Type Indicator
d. the Rorschach
e. the WISC
Which one of the following is not considered an experiential and relationship-oriented
therapy?
a. Gestalt therapy
b. family systems therapy
c. existential approach
d. person-centered approach
Ursula lived in New York City on 9/11. Ever since experiencing the aftermath of the
terrorist attacks, she has felt anxiety about going to the upper level floors of tall
buildings. As an existentially oriented therapist, you might conclude that:
a. Ursula is highly neurotic.
b. Ursula’s fears are completely unfounded.
c. Ursula’s anxiety is normal in light of the traumatic experience she had on 9/11.
d. Ursula is on the verge of becoming psychotic.
The empty chair technique:
a. assists clients in reowning parts of their personality.
b. balances internal polarities.
c. allows clients to externalize an introject.
d. helps to resolve unfinished business.
e. all of these.
A contribution of the person-centered approach is:
a. its applicability to nonverbal clients.
b. the active stance of the therapist.
c. the wide variety of techniques generated.
d. its emphasis on the therapeutic relationship and the attitudes of the therapist as
crucial.
e. the systematic description of past influences and how these are significant in current
behavior.
B. F. Skinner is associated with which of the following trends in the behavioral
approach?
a. classical conditioning
b. operant conditioning
c. multimodal therapy
d. dialectical behavior therapy
e. relaxation training
All of the following are a part of Jung’s view of development except:
a. individuation
b. the shadow.
c. symbiosis.
d. collective unconscious.
e. archetypes.
A key technique of Adlerian therapy is:
a. free association
b. dialogue with polarities.
c. family sculpting.
d. changing one’s language.
e. the assessment of one’s family constellation.
Adlerians view the use of techniques in counseling as:
a. geared to the phase of therapy and the needs of the client.
b. more important than paying attention to the subjective experiences of the client.
c. against their basic philosophy.
d. unethical.
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) coaching, (b) modeling methods, (c) systematic desensitization, (d) reversal
technique, (e) relaxation technique
Arguably, the most central limitation of the person centered approach is:
a. their view of assessment and diagnosis.
b. the therapist’s limitations as a person.
c. shortcomings of the studies of the approach.
d. the continual evolution of the approach leads to unclear therapeutic principles.
Gestalt therapy is practiced with a theoretical foundation grounded in:
a. field theory.
b. phenomenology.
c. dialogue.
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above.
How would a psychoanalytic therapist view Stan’s drinking problem?
a. as a means of working though his Oedipal complex
b. as a personal power issue associated with early trauma experienced in the anal stage
c. as an oral fixation
d. as a result of the ego-defense mechanism of introjection
e. as a manifestation of his collective unconscious
In the solution-oriented approach, which is not considered one of the three basic parts to
the structure of summary feedback?
a. compliments
b. a bridge
c. expressing concern
d. suggesting a task
Sergio is co-leading a social skills group for children with Aspergers. He and his
co-leader must collect data on group members’ progress:
a. before the group starts and at the end of the group, but not during the group.
b. before, during, and after all interventions.
c. only at the last group session.
d. only if the group members’ parents request it.
Feminist therapists, regardless of their philosophical orientation, believe all of the
following except that:
a. gender is at the core of therapeutic practice.
b. human development and interaction are similar across races, cultures, and nations.
c. understanding a client’s problems requires adopting a sociocultural perspective.
d. the client-therapist relationship should be an egalitarian one.
e. empowerment of the individual and societal changes are core goals of therapy.
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) dream analysis, (b) free association, (c) early recollections, (d) interpretation of
transference, (e) analysis of resistance
In deciding which interventions will be most helpful for the client, the counselor
practicing
in an integrative manner must:
a. consider the client’s cultural context.
b. consider the approach that relates most consistently to the client’s world view.
c. be willing to accept feedback from clients.
d. consider the client’s personality and motivation for change.
e. all of these
Feminism holds that gender inequity exists and that this is a source of oppression. This
inequality is based on:
a. the natural differences between women and men.
b. cultural factors.
c. an imbalance of power in favor of men.
d. the manner in which men are socialized.
e. a matriarchal society.
Behavior therapy is characterized by:
a. a focus on overt specific behavior.
b. a formulation of precise treatment goals.
c. the design of an appropriate treatment plan.
d. the objective assessment of the results of therapy.
e. all of these.
Which is (are) true concerning one’s style of life?
a. All people have a lifestyle, but no two people develop exactly the same style.
b. The lifestyle is largely set by the age of 6.
c. One’s style of life is a reaction to perceived inferiority.
d. One’s style of life is learned from early interactions in the family.
e. All of these
Assessment of an individual client’s need for analytic therapy would include:
a. development of behaviors that express an unconscious desire.
b. determining whether he/she wants and needs to understand the unconscious roots of
his/her neurosis.
c. identifying an early childhood trauma that resulted in becoming fixated at an early
developmental stage.
d. the client’s ability to recall his/her dreams so that they may be analyzed.
Which of the following is not considered an essential skill of an effective culturally
competent counselor?
a. being able to modify techniques to accommodate cultural differences
b. being able to send and receive both verbal and nonverbal messages accurately
c. being able to get clients to intensify their feelings by helping them to vividly
reexperience early childhood events
d. assuming the role of consultant and change agent
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Meichenbaum’s constructivist approach
to cognitive behavior therapy?
a. It is more structured and more directive than standard cognitive therapy.
b. It gives more emphasis to the past.
c. It tends to target deeper core beliefs.
d. It explores the behavioral impact and emotional toll a client pays for clinging to
certain metaphors.
Which therapeutic approach would work to help Stan recognize, claim, and embrace his
personal power?
a. narrative therapy
b. rational emotive behavior therapy
c. reality therapy
d. feminist therapy
e. existential therapy
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) quality world, (b) WDEP, (c) choice theory, (d) self-evaluation, (e) transference
Resolution of sexual conflicts and sex-role identity is a critical function of the:
a. oral stage.
b. anal stage.
c. phallic stage.
d. genital stage.
A basic assumption of ___________________ is that power inequalities and
gender-role expectations influence individuals from a very early age.
a. reality therapy
b. feminist therapy
c. narrative therapy
d. solution-focused therapy
e. existential therapy
In the ABC model, the A stands for:
a. arbitrary behaviors
b. antecedents
c. actions
d. assessment
In dialectical behavior therapy, clients are encouraged to:
a. develop mindfulness skills.
b. explore early painful childhood experiences.
c. change their behaviors.
d. develop emotion regulation.
e. all of the above
One of the procedures of reality therapy is to work through unfinished business from
the past.
Reality therapists see therapeutic value in working with a client’s dreams.
Evidence-based practice is a potent force in psychotherapeutic practice today, and it
may mandate the types of treatments therapists can offer in the future.
Behavior therapy groups employ a long-term treatment model.
From the existential viewpoint, anxiety is seen as a neurotic manifestation; thus the aim
of therapy is to eliminate anxiety so clients can live comfortably.
The cognitive-behavioral therapies are largely based on the idea that the reorganization
of clients’ self-statements is a key to changing their behavior.
Albert Bandura is directly responsible for promoting the “third wave” of behavior
therapy.
Reality therapists use punishment as a way to help clients follow through with their
plans and commitments.
Adlerian therapists pay careful focus to techniques and work in structured, set ways.
Ideally, our self-care should mirror the care we provide for others.
If we are inauthentic, it is unlikely that our clients will detect it.
Retroflection involves doing to others what we would like them to do to us.
The existential view is based on a growth mode and conceptualizes health rather than
sickness.
Maslow postulated a hierarchy of needs as a source of motivation, with the most basic
needs being physiological needs.
Brief psychodynamic therapies target specific interpersonal problems during the initial
session.
An assumption of person-centered therapy is that the counselor’s presence is far more
powerful than techniques he or she uses to facilitate change.