EDUK 69481

subject Type Homework Help
subject Pages 14
subject Words 1765
subject Authors Robert E. Owens Jr.

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page-pf1
The negative effects of otitis media seen during early language development tend to
resolve by age ___________.
a. 3
b. 5
c. 7
d. 10
African American children living in poverty may use the _________________ marker
less frequently.
a. Past-tense "ed
b. Voiced plural /z/
c. Regular plural
d. Present progressive
Throughout the preschool period, low ______________________ supports better fast
mapping.
a. Segmentation
page-pf2
b. Neighborhood density
c. Conventionality
d. Phonotactic probability
_______________________ are sets of unrelated statements about a central stimulus.
a. Chains
b. Heaps
c. Protonarratives
d. Unfocused temporal chains
There is a positive relationship between the amount of verbal input from adults at 20
months and vocabulary size and ________________________ at 24 months.
a. Average utterance length
b. Comprehension abilities
c. Prosodic competence
d. Pragmatic language abilities
page-pf3
_______________________, such as panting like a dog, appear at about the same time
as first words and develop in parallel for several months.
a. Opaque gestures
b. Transparent gestures
c. Iconic gestures
d. Symbolic gestures
The corpus callosum is an example of a(n)
a. Association fiber tract
b. Projection fiber tract
c. Transverse fiber tract
page-pf4
_______________________ is one tactic used by preschoolers to remain on a topic.
a. Shading
b. Repetition
c. Ellipsis
d. Scaffolding
____________________ represent the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population.
a. Asians and Asian Americans
b. Puerto Rican-Caribbean Americans
c. Mexican-Central Americans
d. African Americans
In general, a child understands that a word refers to ______________________.
a. A part of an entity
b. The whole entity
page-pf5
c. An attribute of an entity
d. A request for an entity
Injury to __________________ usually disrupts both expressive and receptive language
abilities.
a. The supramarginal gyrus
b. The arcuate fasciculus
c. Broca's area
d. Wernicke's area
Gerunds can be used in the same place as ________________________.
a. Spatial relationships
b. Infinitives
c. Prepositions
d. The copula
page-pf6
_____________________ occur(s) when a child attempts a polysyllabic word but is
unable to produce one of the syllables correctly.
a. Open syllables
b. Consonant cluster reduction
c. Reduplication
d. Diminutives
_________________________ are categories of objects that share a common essence.
a. Central ideas
b. Themes
c. Organizational schemes
d. Taxonomies
page-pf7
When do individuals develop the cognitive processes and executive functions necessary
for mature writing?
a. Late adulthood
b. Early adulthood
c. Late adolescence
d. Early adolescence
______________________ refers to the state of getting used to a stimulus.
a. Habituation
b. Responsiveness
c. Familiarization
d. Correspondence
____________________________ are used when a child is seeking confirmation of
word meaning.
a. Evocative utterances
b. Interrogative utterances
page-pf8
c. Hypothesis-testing utterances
d. Selective imitations
______________________ depict objects through actions, such as pretending to eat
from an empty spoon.
a. Functional gestures
b. Iconic gestures
c. Symbolic gestures
d. Transparent gestures
Usually at least ____________ utterances are needed in order to have an adequate
sample.
a. 40
b. 60
c. 80
d. 100
page-pf9
The most frequent error in infinitive phrase development is _________________.
a. Omission of "to"
b. Using the negative infinitive
c. Epenthesis of "to"
d. Using infinitives at the end of a sentence
Mothers in the U.S. are more _________________ than mothers in Japan.
a. Likely to respond to fussing sounds
b. Likely to use baby talk
c. Emotional
d. Information-oriented
page-pfa
The change from chewing in a vertical pattern to a rotary pattern is due to changes in
__________________.
a. Labial closure
b. Tongue control
c. Dentition
d. Mandibular coordination
The main weakness of the Interactionalist approach is that
a. It cannot account for the similarities of language learning and use across children.
b. Fixed and semi-fixed structures that are not based on abstract grammatical categories
are problematic.
c. It does not explain how children move from semantic-based rules to more abstract
syntactic rules.
d. Interactionalists consider the child to be a contributing member in the language
learning process.
________________________ is the notion that if someone communicates to me using
page-pfb
one form rather than another, there was a reason based on the speaker's intention.
a. Preemption
b. Entrenchment
c. Schematization
d. Analogy
Routine actions, called ____________________, provide a structure within which
language can be analyzed.
a. Reciprocal interaction
b. Joint action
c. Conversations
d. Rituals
Most adults can hold approximately ____________ items simultaneously in short term
memory.
a. 4
b. 10
page-pfc
c. 15
d. 19
_________________________ provide more examples of simplified speech than
mothers.
a. Older siblings
b. Grandparents
c. Fathers
d. Preschool teachers.
___________________ and language skills are associated.
a. Cognitive
b. Speech
c. Perceptual
d. Motor
page-pfd
By age ________________, children are generally able to determine the amount of
information a listener needs.
a. 1
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
______________________ forms of indirect requests are more difficult than the
declarative form.
a. Imperative
b. Interrogative
c. Implicit
d. Explicit
page-pfe
_______________________ is/are goal-directed behavior and the ability to share goals
with others.
a. Joint attention
b. Communication functions
c. Intentionality
d. Joint reference
What is the difference between style shifting and code switching?
What are the three components of a syllable?
page-pff
Explain how gaze and facial expression can be used to maintain or terminate an
interaction.
What characteristics are necessary for an utterance to be considered a true word?
What is the three-stage sequence in the development of early communication functions?
page-pf10
Why does acquisition of the English plural marker require phonological learning?
What is an example of a morphophonemic change?
How are reading and writing different from speech?
What are the major racial and ethnic dialects in the U.S.?
page-pf11
What are phonotactic regularities and phonotactic probabilities?
What are the three earliest prepositions?
What are the three reasons why speakers can generate an almost infinite number of
sentences from a finite number of words and word categories?
page-pf12
Name and describe the function of the two general cognitive processes children use to
construct abstractions in language.
Name the universal language-learning principles.
What factors seem to predict later speech/language impairments among preschool
children?
page-pf13
What is the "vocabulary spurt" and when does it happen?
What is "U-shaped" development?
How does the purpose of "and" in narratives change as children mature?
Name at least four factors that can disrupt the expression of genes.
page-pf14
What is the difference between quasi-resonant nuclei and fully-resonant nuclei?

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