The major cause of congenital deafness is which of the following?
A. Lack of oxygen to the brain
B. Genetic syndromes
C. Infection before or soon after birth
D. Traumatic brain injury
Which level of the Schoolwide Enrichment Model provides opportunities for applying
interests, acquiring advanced-level understanding of the content and process used
within particular disciplines, and developing authentic products?
A. Type I enrichment
B. Type II enrichment
C. Type III enrichment
D. Type IV enrichment
Starting in kindergarten or college early, skipping one or more grades in order to
experience higher levels of instruction, and/or attending a higher grade level program
for part of the school day is:
A. Cluster grouping
B. All-school enrichment program
C. Acceleration
D. Enrichment
Which of the following refers to the meaning of what is expressed?
A. Semantics
B. Morphology
C. Phonology
D. Syntax
The academic achievement of students with hearing loss is:
A. About the same as that of students with no disabilities
B. Somewhat higher than that of students with no disabilities
C. Relatively low compared with that of students with no disabilities
D. Significantly lower than that of students with no disabilities
Hertz (Hz) are used to measure:
A. Sound
B. Frequency
C. Pitch
D. Volume
Screening assessments for emotional or behavioral disorders include each of the
following except which one?
A. Classroom work products
B. Individualized intelligence tests
C. Group achievement tests
D. Vision and hearing tests
Services, resources, and personal assistance for enabling a person to develop, learn, and
live effectively are called:
A. Transitions
B. Supports
C. Supplements
D. Advocates
Having a poor sense of one’s ability to effect change in one’s life is associated with
limitations in:
A. Range and variety of experiences
B. Incidental learning
C. Ability to get around
D. Interaction with the environment
Each of the following is a characteristic of autism except:
A. Sensory and movement disorders
B. Atypical social development,
C. Typical language development
D. A need for environmental predictability
Which of the following refers to one’s understanding of oneself as a unique individual?
A. Self-esteem
B. Self-understanding
C. Self-knowledge
D. Self-awareness
Specialized settings in schools may include resource rooms and which of the following?
A. General education classrooms
B. Self-contained classrooms
C. Least restrictive classrooms
D. Gifted and talented classrooms
Teaching children to use their remaining hearing is:
A. Total communication
B. Oral training
C. Aural habilitation
D. Hearing rehabilitation
Marla is a student with visually impairment who is a loner on the playground, choosing
to play or walk alone. How can you help Marla play with others?
A. Require Marla to join a group to play at recess.
B. Set up games or other activities that Marla can play with her peers.
C. Leave Marla alone, if she chooses to be alone she must be happy.
D. Seek help from the school counselor.
Kate is a student with multiple disabilities who has tantrums and hits herself and others.
Which of the following is the most appropriate action for Kate’s behaviors?
A. Write a behavior plan for Kate.
B. Learn to identify cues that trigger problem behavior.
C. Discipline Kate when she acts out.
D. Isolate Kate from other students.
The most serious form of spina bifida is:
A. Myelomeningocele
B. Meningocele
C. Spina bifida major
D. Spina bifida occulta
Race/ethnicity, language, income, religion, disability, gender, sexual orientation, age,
and geography are which of the following?
A. Micro cultures
B. Cultures
C. Considerations of cultural responsiveness
D. Macro cultures
Each of the following is a category of conduct disorder except which one?
A. Aggressive conduct
B. Lying
C. Unfounded fearfulness
D. Property destruction
According to the American Psychiatric Association, symptoms of ADHD must persist
for at least how long?
A. 6 months
B. 3 years
C. 6 years
D. 3 months
Joey, a second-grade student in a general education classroom, has been having
difficulty in school since kindergarten. He was identified as having a specific learning
disability and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. His biggest challenges are his
lack of progress in learning how to read and staying on-task in the classroom. His
teacher has consulted with a special education teacher to try to accommodate Joey in
her classroom, but he continues to fall behind his classmates. The teacher, the special
education teacher, and Joey’s parents have been considering having him spend more
time in a resource classroom to receive specialized instruction. This is consistent with
which aspect of the principle of least restrictive environment?
A. Full inclusion, all the time
B. Parent’s involvement in due process
C. Availability of a continuum of services
D. The zero-reject policy
There is almost universal agreement that students with disabilities gain benefits in
which areas from their involvement in inclusive settings?
A. Social and communication
B. Social and academic
C. Communication and achievement
D. Communication and mathematics
Literal counts of the number of times a behavior occurred or the number of intervals in
which a behavior occurred is:
A. Frequency counts
B. Time sampling
C. Event recording
D. Field observation
When students engage in behavior that impedes their or other students’ learning, IDEA
requires educators to consider using:
A. Positive behavior support
B. Response to intervention
C. Functional behavioral analysis
D. Aversive behavior modification
Each of the following is a cause of cerebral palsy except:
A. Gestational infection
B. Lack of oxygen to the brain
C. Meningitis after birth
D. Maternal diabetes and obesity
Procedures for seeking to improve the human race by encouraging birth of children
with allegedly “good” hereditary qualities and discouraging or preventing the birth of
those with allegedly “undesirable” hereditary qualities is:
A. Cultural deficit theory
B. Eugenics
C. Cultural reproduction theory
D. Genetic deficit theory
Which of the following is when teachers collect student products, similar to portfolio
assessment, but use them to illustrate how well a student has mastered content aligned
with standards?
A. IEP-linked body of evidence
B. Performance assessment
C. Rubrics
D. Portfolio-based alternative assessment
Which of the following teaches students conflict-resolution through the use of a neutral
party?
A. Cooperative learning
B. Structured controversy
C. Mediation
D. Negotiation
Which of the following are appropriate for testing the hearing of older children?
A. Evoked otoacoustic emissions
B. Tympanography
C. Audiometry
D. Behavioral audiological evaluations
Common components of multimodal treatment include each of the following except:
A. Medication
B. Parent training
C. Behavior management in the home
D. Behaviorally oriented treatment
Which of the following holds that students with exceptionalities be placed in schools
and classrooms in a similar ratio of the occurrence of exceptionality within the general
population?
A. The principle of natural proportions
B. The principle of natural ratios
C. Age- and grade-appropriate placements
D. The continuum of placements
Seizures that involve both cerebral hemispheres, involve an alteration of consciousness,
and affect both sides of the body are:
A. Absence seizures
B. Tonic-clonic seizures
C. Generalized seizures
D. Partial seizures
An IDEA-related service for students with visual impairments to know where they are
in their environment and how to move around that environment safely is:
A. Environmental Education
B. Kinesthetic instruction
C. Orientation and mobility training
D. Transition services
Which of the following enables students who cannot communicate verbally or through
other formats, to do so through technology?
A. MAP
B. AAC
C. SETT
D. Sign language
Augmented input that focuses on communication boards or books is called:
A. Facilitative language strategies
B. Aided language stimulation
C. Total communication
D. Augmented communication
Three special education categories where educators have the greatest leeway for
exercising their judgments about students’ abilities and needs are learning disabilities,
emotional-behavioral disorders, and:
A. Intellectual disabilities
B. Speech and language disorders
C. Autism spectrum disorders
D. Orthopedic impairments