_________________-should include a record of client and therapist behavior that is
clinically relevant, including interventions used, client responses to treatment strategies,
the evolving treatment plan, and any follow-up measures taken.
a. Assessments
b. Progress notes
c. Intakes
d. Screenings
In this court case, the court found that school counselors have a duty to use reasonable
means to attempt to prevent a suicide when they know about a student’s suicidal
intentions. The reasoning of the court was that an adolescent is more likely to share
thoughts of suicide with friends than with a school counselor, teacher, or parent. The
court found that reasonable care would have included notifying the student’s parents
that their daughter was at risk for suicide.
a. Tarasoff v. University of California Board of Regents
b. Ewing v. Goldstein
c. Eisel v. Board of Education
d. Jaffee v. Redmond
Many _______________ have difficulty acknowledging race-related issues because
they stir up guilt feelings about their privileged status and threaten their self-image as
moral, fair, and decent human beings.
a. White Americans
b. Mexican Americans
c. Asian Americans
d. African Americans
Implications of group members and their therapists communicating with each other
online, and when group members communicate with other members via the Internet,
include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. increased risk of breach of confidentiality.
b. increased risk of breach of privacy.
c. lack of technological skills and knowledge to protect information that is intended to
remain private creates a risk of making this information public for all to see.
d. addressing parameters of online behavior through informed consent and establishing
ground rules regarding members’ commitment to avoid posting pictures, comments, or
any type of confidential information about other members online.
The value system of the counselor:
a. may be better than the client’s.
b. is important to follow in therapy.
c. can determine the direction of counseling if it is not monitored.
d. never creates stress or unethical situations in the therapeutic relationship.
When participation in a group is part of a counseling master’s program, safeguards must
be in place to manage boundaries and reduce the risk of harm to students. These
safeguards include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. systematic instructor self-reflection.
b. exhibit problematic behaviors.
c. informed consent of students.
d. self-disclosure training.
An ethical obligation that provides a major link between ethics and self-care is:
a. competence.
b. countertransference.
c. the therapeutic relationship.
d. personal therapy.
The intent of____________ a(n)is to define boundaries and clarify the nature of the
basic counseling relationship
between the counselor and the client.
a. supervision contract
b. informed consent document
c. HIPAA document
d. release of information form
APA ethics codes offer three helpful criteria in making decisions about multiple
relationships in a small community setting. These include each of the following
EXCEPT:
a. risk of exploitation.
b. loss of therapist objectivity.
c. prospective multiple relationships fit into a single category.
d. harm to the professional relationship.
____________ is “a comprehensive helping framework that is grounded in
multicultural competence and oriented toward social justice.” The focus of community
work is on preventing rather than remediating.
a. Community agencies
b. Community counseling
c. Community perspective
d. Community workers
___________were developed for a wide range of psychological disorders. Their success
ushered in the movement toward empirically supported treatments and evidence-based
practice.
a. Family systems therapies
b. Cognitive therapies
c. Treatment manuals
d. Behavioral therapies
____________is a basic component of practitioner competence.
a. Competence
b. Techniques
c. Accreditation
d. Training
Elizabeth, a beginning practitioner, counsels in a manner in which she merely acts in
compliance with the law and follows minimal ethical standards. She is at the first level
of ethical functioning, which is:
a. personal ethics.
b. aspiration ethics.
c. mandatory ethics.
d. basic ethics.
The authors believe that some type of screening, which involves interviewing and
evaluating potential members, should be employed to select suitable members for a
group. What question needs to be pondered when screening prospective group
members?
a. If I do not allow this person to become a member of this group, what consequences
may I face as a leader?
b. Is it appropriate for this person to become a participant in this type of group, with this
leader, at this time?
c. Do I like this person?
d. What are the odds that this person will make the dynamics interesting in this
particular group?
Groups remain a powerful intervention tool:
a. primarily for school-aged children and adolescents.
b. primarily for adults dealing with a host of issues and stressors.
c. primarily for older adults dealing with geriatric concerns.
d. across the life span, positively impacting childhood, adult, and geriatric disorders.
______________ pertains to the responsibilities supervisors have to oversee the actions
of their supervisees.
a. Breach of confidentiality
b. Breach of informed consent
c. Direct liability
d. Vicarious liability
In________________, the Supreme Court considered that the student had been
informed of the faculty’s dissatisfaction with her clinical performance, and the student
knew that unless she made significant improvement in this area, she would be
dismissed from the program. The Court held that the decision to dismiss the student
from medical school was based on a careful and deliberate evaluation by the faculty,
and thus the student’s dismissal was not a violation of her constitutional rights.
a. Board of Curators of the University of Missouri v. Horowitz
b. Shuffer v. Trustees of California State Universities and Colleges
c. Jablonski v. the United States
d. Hedlund v. Superior Court
According to the American Counseling Association, counselors practice only within the
boundaries of their competence, based on:
a. their knowledge, skills, and practices in the following areas: foundations, diversity
and politics, assessment, research and evaluation, and diagnosis.
b. psychology does not currently have methods to readily or reliably assess the
performance of professional functions.
c. peer review boards or other appropriate bodies.
d. their education and training, supervised experience, state and national professional
credentials, and appropriate professional experience.
It is essential that a good portion of the supervisory sessions focus on:
a. the personal stress experienced by the supervisee during client”counselor
interactions.
b. the interpersonal relationship between supervisor and supervisor’s family.
c. the supervisee’s personal life.
d. the supervisor’s countertransference to the supervisor’s clients.
In multicultural counseling, one must balance the importance of ______________ in
assessment, diagnosis, and treatment.
a. liberal and conservative views
b. western approaches and southern approaches
c. individualism versus collectivism
d. cultural encapsulation and assimilation
Which of the following is NOTconsidered to be one of the characteristics of diversity
sensitive group work?
a. Group counselors establish norms that accept, value, and respect cultural differences.
b. Group counselors respect the roles of family and community hierarchies within a
client’s culture.
c. Group counselors treat all members as if they are the same and have the same values.
d. Group counselors acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for effectively working
with the diverse range of members in their groups.
In regards to advocacy competencies, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Ethical practice requires counselors to assume an advocacy role that is focused on
affecting public opinion, public policy, and legislation.
b. Practitioners need to develop an awareness of their own beliefs and attitudes
regarding social issues and marginalized populations, the scope of their knowledge, and
their level of skill at intervening within the different domains of advocacy.
c. Multicultural competence is essential in understanding the cultural relevance and
appropriateness of advocacy interventions as counselors bring their own attitudes and
beliefs to the sociopolitical history of their communities.
d. Counselors who have a social justice advocacy perspective demonstrate minimal
leadership abilities and do not understand the importance of speaking out.
Mario’s job entails going to middle schools within the county to run counseling groups
for students identified as having the potential for aggression. He is providing:
a. direct client services.
b. indirect client services.
c. direct community services.
d. indirect community services.
____________is when the counselor facilitates communication and understanding
between culturally diverse human systems that aid the educational progress of all
students.
a. Outreach activities
b. Cultural mediation
c. Change agent
d. Paraprofessional work
Counselors___________ when they use their skills in helping clients challenge
institutional barriers that impede their personal, social, academic, or career goals.
a. are overstepping their boundaries
b. function as advocates
c. are widely seen as hypocrites
d. are going above and beyond their role requirements
____________ is as essential as informed consent in counseling practice. It is beneficial
to discuss the rights of supervisees from the beginning of the supervisory relationship in
much the same way as the rights of clients are addressed early in the therapy process.
a. The supervisory relationship
b. The supervisee’s experience
c. Clinical supervision
d. Informed consent in supervision
From a legal perspective, mental health professionals are expected to exercise
“reasonable care” in working with clients who are considering abortion. If they fail to
do so, clients can take legal action against them for:
a. negligence.
b. breach of confidentiality.
c. being unreasonable.
d. insufficient knowledge.
____________is based on a medical model of mental illness that defines problems as
residing with the individual rather than in society. It does not take into account the
political, economic, social, and cultural factors in the lives of clients.
a. The DSM
b. V-codes
c. Confidentiality
d. Informed consent
Boundary issues in the supervisory relationship for school counselors include all of the
following EXCEPT:
a. multiple relationships.
b. including discussions of personal concerns.
c. discussing personal information of teachers and co-workers.
d. discussing the evaluation process and procedures during the initial session.
A primary aim of supervision is to create a context in which the supervisee can acquire
the experience needed to become a:
a. effective Gestalt therapist.
b. independent professional.
c. dependent professional.
d. psychoanalyst.
Katie has just accepted her first position as a counselor in a community agency. An
agency policy requires her to conduct an intake interview with each client, determine a
diagnosis, and establish a treatment plan all in the first session. Once a diagnosis is
established, clinicians have a maximum of five more sessions with a given client. What
ethical and legal standards are possibly broken?
a. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to assess a client for at least five
sessions before diagnosing
b. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to carefully assess and accurately
diagnose clients before commencing any intervention
c. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to forgo diagnosing a client in
order to properly treat the problem
d. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to pick a diagnosis that fits a
criteria in order for insurance reimbursement
In the _______________’s code of ethics, cultural competence and recognition of social
diversity are clearly linked to ethical practice.
a. APA
b. Canadian Counseling Association
c. Code of Professional Ethics for Rehabilitation Counselors
d. NASW