Which of the following is more closely linked to exposure to crime?
a. having a higher income
b. living in a rural area
c. living in a suburban area
d. living in a city
The Supreme Court created the exclusionary rule in the case of
a. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
b. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
c. Minnesota v. Dickerson (1993)
d. Weeks v. U.S. (1914)
Judge Brown has been a superior court judge for the seven years. He was the first one
in his family to graduate college, much less law school. He is running for election
without his political affiliation being identified. Even though he loves his job, he would
love to have more time in the courtroom instead of organizing schedules and budgets.
Instead of trying to cases, he feels that he just works out agreements with the defense
and prosecution. The way he sees it, at least a guilty plea acknowledges he is putting
defendants away.
Judge Brown is a judge in superior court. He hears only cases that deal with felonies;
therefore, he works in a trial court of ______ jurisdiction.
a. limited
b. general
c. appellate
d. district
Which of the following is a problem faced by the modern prison system in America?
a. Overcrowding
b. legal issues
c. racial conflicts
d. all of the above are problems in the American prison system
Which of the following is not part of the Miranda warnings?
a. the right to an attorney during interrogation
b. the right to remain silent
c. any statement that you decide to make can be used against you in court
d. the right to a speedy trial
The behavior of the defendant in the courtroom has no impact on how they are treated
by the judge
a. True
b. False
The community policing model argues that it is easy to improve the percentage of
crimes solved.
a. True
b. False
Judges are part of the local legal culture.
a. True
b. False
Which Western nation has the most prisoners serving long-term sentences?
a. Canada
b. United States
c. Germany
d. France
Rashaad arrived at work one morning feeling under the weather. By lunch time, he
decides to take sick leave and go home. Upon arrival at his house, he sees his best
friend’s car in the drive. Rashaad becomes concerned that something may be wrong
with his wife. As he opens the door to his bedroom, he sees his wife and best friend in a
compromising position. In shock, Rashaad grabs his gun, shoots, and kills his wife and
friend.
Rashaad’s intent was to kill his wife and friend. It could be said he had a guilty state of
mind, which would be his __________.
a. mens rea
b. concurrence
c. actus reus
d. causation
The _______ is better able than any state agency to pursue criminal investigations
across state borders.
a. US Marshal
b. Secret Service
c. FBI
d. Homeland Security
The death penalty was found to be racially discriminatory by the United States Supreme
Court.
a. True
b. False
A system under which inmates were leased to contractors who provided prisoners with
food and clothing in exchange for their labor. In southern states the prisoners were used
as agricultural, mining, logging, and construction laborers.
a. lease system
b. contract labor system
c. congregate system
d. confinement system
Many parolees “max out” on time and cannot be held any longer, regardless of how the
parole board feels about the inmate.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following constitute ‘special populations”?
a. homeless
b. drug addicts
c. runaways
d. all of the above
Most felony cases are disposed of by dismissals.
a. True
b. False
Jails are typically populated with poorly educated and low-income people.
a. True
b. False
It is easy for a poor person with little education to become a judge.
a. True
b. False
Congress and President George W. Bush sought to increase the government’s
effectiveness by creating new federal agencies.
a. True
b. False
According to Cole and Smith, which of the following is NOT a goal of the criminal
justice system?
a. doing justice
b. controlling crime
c. preventing crime
d. increasing crime
Shelby was allowed to present her case in a public trial. This right was given to her
based upon which Amendment?
a. 4th
b. 5th
c. 6th
d. 8th
The elements of a crime consist of
a. actus reus, inchoate defense, and concurrence
b. mens rea, inchoate defense, and punishment
c. attendant circumstances, mens rea, and actus reus
d. actus reus, causation, and inchoate defense
Which of the following is a valid observation about the orientation and assumptions of
lower courts in their attempt to process a large mass of cases?
a. all defendants will go to trial
b. the vast majority of defendants will plead “guilty”
c. the courts must take extra care to filter out innocent defendants because prosecutors
never drop charges
d. each defendant is entitled to use two weeks or more of courtroom time in a trial
The determination of whether or not a defendant is guilty is called
a. Adjudication
b. indictment
c. booking
d. information
Which of the following is contained in the Fifth Amendment?
a. right to counsel
b. right to remain silent
c. free speech clause
d. warrant clause
Police help maintain order by enforcing traffic laws.
a. True
b. False
Prosecutors’ _____ and interactions with police, victims, defense attorneys, judges, and
the community form the core of the exchange relations that shape decision making in
criminal cases.
a. relationships
b. cases
c. discretion
d. decisions
The number of probationers currently under supervision has reached a
a. record low and is decreasing
b. record high and is increasing
c. record low, but is slowly starting to increase
d. record high, but is starting to decrease
Media coverage of parole and parolees tends to be sympathetic and understanding.
a. True
b. False
Since September 11, 2001, United States law enforcement has decreased its presence in
foreign countries.
a. True
b. False
It is constitutional for states to execute persons under the age of 18.
a. True
b. False
Wesley serving a 10 month sentence for driving while impaired. This was Wesley’s
second conviction. He has never served time before and overwhelmed with his
experience so far. He is serving his time with all walks of life and most inmates say
they are not guilty. Wesley cannot believe he is serving time and the manager is
someone he supported and actually voted for. Wesley knows that the next 10 months
cannot go fast enough.
Wesley is most likely serving his time in _______.
a. jail
b. state prison
c. federal prison
d. immigration prison
The ____ raised questions about whether and how police patrol impacts crime and
crime rates. Thus police departments have tried various means to use patrol in order to
provide service, order maintenance, and to achieve improvements in crime
prevention and crime control.
a. Charlotte experiment
b. Oakland experiment
c. New York City experiment
d. Kansas City experiment
There has been a major increase in African-American prisoners during the past thirty
years.
a. True
b. False
The _____ model of corrections emphasizes the need to restore a convicted offender to
a constructive place in society through some form of vocational or educational training
or therapy.
If the goal of the juvenile court is to protect juveniles and “act as parent,” how might
you explain the movement toward punitiveness since the 1980’s?
The ___________employees are the most numerous in prisons.
When a private attorney is chosen by a court to represent an indigent, this is referred to
as _______________.
_______study the role victims play in precipitating a criminal incident and the impact
of crimes on victims.
What should the role of the parole officer be? In your opinion, should they grasp the
concept of social worker or law enforcement officer? Why? Would the personality of
the client change the relationship?
Officials responsible for prosecuting crimes against the federal government are called
______________.
The _____model seeks to determine whether there is enough evidence to serve as a
basis for prosecution.
_____ is caused by an officer’s racial or gender status among peers, which can create
problems in getting along with other officers and adjusting to group values that differ
from one’s own.
Differential treatment based on race is called ___________.
A parolee’s principal contact with the criminal justice system is through the
__________________.
Crimes that are wrong by nature are called _____.
Seizure by the government of property and other assets is called ___________.
Based on information contained in your text’s companion website, In Japan, decisions
to release offenders from prison and place them under supervision in the community are
made by ___________ parole boards.
How can community engagement promote new ideas in handing offenders on
probation?
The process of determining whether a juvenile is guilty of a crime is known as
____________.
Short termed intense Boot camps are also referred to as _____________.