Persons on probation can refuse drug tests because they interfere with the Fourth
Amendment right to privacy.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is not a reason for the rise in private policing?
a. Budgetary constraints upon the states
b. Fear of crime
c. Increase in the supply of people wanting to become police officers
d. Increase in crimes in the workplace
According to your textbook, at least one study reflected that the single largest predictor
of police use of force is
a. citizens disrespecting the police.
b. citizens being intoxicated.
c. citizens lying about their identity.
d. use of force by suspects against police first.
A child who is receiving inadequate care is termed a _______.
a. dependent child
b. neglected child
c. person in need of supervision (PINS)
d. delinquent child
If crime is learned behavior, then policies to promote stable families should exist.
a. True
b. False
The rehabilitation model of corrections involved recommendations regarding behavior
changes from social scientists.
a. True
b. False
A model of the criminal justice system that emphasizes the adversarial process, the
rights of defendants, and formal decision-making procedures is called the ________
model.
a. crime control
b. due process
c. constitutional
d. democratic
The term referring to the idea that much more crime occurs than is reported to police is
called
a. unspoken crime.
b. dark figure of crime.
c. token crime.
d. invisible crime.
Instruction of the jury by the judge concludes the trial process.
a. True
b. False
Indigent defendants are those who pay for their own attorney.
a. True
b. False
There has been a major increase in African American prisoners during the past 30 years.
a. True
b. False
Inmates with low intelligence who are afflicted with psychological or physical
disabilities are referred to as
a. challenged inmates.
b. bottom feeders.
c. gleaners.
d. jailers.
Which is not true concerning prison managers?
a. They cannot select their own clients.
b. They do not control the release of their clients.
c. They rely on clients to do most of the work.
d. They are not dependent on maintenance of satisfactory relationships between clients
and staff.
Detective Smith is working on an active sexual assault case. She has just recently
received DNA results back from the lab. The results specifically pinpoint the person of
interest as the suspect. Detective Smith has obtained an arrest warrant and is hoping that
the suspect will give a full confession.
DetectiveSmith obtained a search warrant based on probable cause. The information
most pertinent to the issuance of the search warrant was likely the
a. expectation of a confession.
b. DNA evidence.
c. the officer’s good-standing with the judge.
d. past criminal history of the suspect.
Law enforcement agencies need to be trained to recognize terrorist threats such as the
growth of phony charities.
a. True
b. False
Trial courts of _________ jurisdiction are criminal courts with jurisdiction over all
offenses, including felonies.
a. general
b. limited
c. appellate
d. specific
Officer Castro notices a car in front of him driving at a slow speed. The driver seems to
be driving erratically. Officer Castro activates his blue lights and attempts to pull the car
over. The driver continues to drive for approximately two additional miles before
pulling over. When Officer Castro slowly approaches the car, he smells what seems to
be a heavy odor of marijuana. The driver has dilated eyes and slurred speech. There are
four individuals in the car.
Officer Castro required that the car in question be pulled over. Typically, this could be
considered a(n)
a. search.
b. seizure.
c. interrogation.
d. arrest.
The ___________ will protect Mike from being charged and protect his due process
rights.
a. U.S. Constitution
b. state constitution
c. Magna Carta
d. Articles of Confederation
Some offenders are allowed to go to a place of employment, education, or treatment
during the day but must return to their homes by a specified hour when they have been
sentenced to
a. community service.
b. intensive supervision probation.
c. day recovery centers.
d. home confinement.
Aftercare can be very effective.
a. True
b. False
Grant has recently been released from a state prison after the successful of his sentence
for drug crimes. He has made a promise to himself that he will not go back to prison
and will try to do everything he can to reintegrate back into the community. Grant
would really like to vote in the upcoming election; however, he has been informed that
it will not be possible, at least for this election. Grant also has had a difficult time
finding employment. It seems that most employers just do not want to take a chance on
someone with a record.
Grant’s ______ have not been restored yet, as evidenced by the fact that he is not
allowed to vote in the upcoming election.
a. criminal disabilities
b. civil disabilities
c. due process rights
d. voting rights
Problems faced by the modern prison system in America include which of the
following?
a. Overcrowding
b. Legal issues
c. Racial conflicts
d. All of the above.
Why does the NCVS not measure homicide?
a. Homicide is not usually reported to the police.
b. You cannot survey victims of homicide.
c. Only victimless crimes are measured by the NCVS.
d. Police departments may lie about their homicide rates.
The rise in private agencies is not related to the increase in crime.
a. True
b. False
Which statement is true regarding working as a judge?
a. Judges usually have very low caseloads.
b. The typical judge is a white female.
c. All judges must have doctoral degrees to sit on the bench.
d. Judges are usually able to set their own schedules and work hours.
Which is the most likely to occur when a judge assumes the bench?
a. Will base decisions on factors other than the law
b. Will take a pay cut in order to assume a position on the bench
c. Will make more money than the highest-paid private attorneys
d. Will go straight from law school directly into a judging career
Congress has declared that all offenses committed by juveniles are federal offenses.
a. True
b. False
Similar to men, women who engage in criminal activity disproportionately come from
poor families.
a. True
b. False
The system and philosophy of juvenile justice that began in the United States during the
social reform period of the late 19th century was based on the idea that the state should
act as a(n) ____ in advancing the interest of the child.
a. parent
b. teacher
c. caretaker
d. spiritual advisor
When the goal of punishment is to restore a convicted offender to society through
therapy, this is called
a. incapacitation.
b. special deterrence.
c. rehabilitation.
d. retribution.
Most states use the “contract counsel” method of providing attorneys for those who
cannot afford their own attorneys.
a. True
b. False
Offenders who do not have mens rea and have not committed a strict liability offense
should not be found guilty.
a. True
b. False
Will is a 15 year-old boy who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has
never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his
friends who made fun of him for being “too good.” Will’s parents are terrified that his
poor decision making will ruin his future.
It was found that part of Will’s motivation to act out was the result of receiving
inadequate care at home, therefore Will is considered by the court to be a(n):
a. dependent child
b. child parens patriae
c. at-risk child
d. neglected child
Special efforts have been made to recruit _______ and minority correctional officers.
a. male
b. female
c. educated
d. young
Explain why American jails are referred to as the “ultimate ghetto.” How could this
stereotype be changed?
_____ are non-citizens who are in the United States legally but have been convicted of
a crime.
______ and parole have long been important aspects of corrections, as have
community-based halfway houses, work release programs, and supervised activities.
____________________ law defines an offense against society.
_____ is a sentence that can be served while the offender remains living at home, with
few restrictions.
What challenges do female prisoners face during incarceration? How do these differ
from those faced by male prisoners?
_____ is a process defined by individual states’ laws through which offenders can have
their criminal records erased from public records.
______ ____ is based on custom and tradition as interpreted by judges.
Compare and contrast two prison gangs. What issues do gangs in prisons pose for
correctional staff?
Why is diversion such an important part of the juvenile justice system? Why would
members of society have concerns with its use?
The ____________________ is the percentage of crimes known to police that have
been solved through an arrest.
The _______ criminal finds that functioning in the prison society is difficult.
Would you agree or disagree with the statement that prosecutors have more power than
judges in the courtroom? Defend your position.
Explain the purpose and participants of a working group.
President Reagan’s crusade against illegal narcotics was called the _______.
Officials responsible for prosecuting crimes against the federal government are called
____________________.
There is significant evidence that minority citizens in the United States have less faith
in the police than Caucasian citizens do. Explain this difference through the use of
examples.
Often described as the ________, these norms and values develop within the prison
social system and help to define the inmate’s image of the model prisoner.
The key component of the entrapment defense is the defendant’s
____________________ to commit a crime.