An anonymous tip reporting illegal activity received via telephone, without
furthercorroboration, is grounds for obtaining a search warrant.
a. True
b. False
Mandatory sentencing laws have not garnered much support, as only fifteen states have
replaced discretionary sentencing with mandatory fixed-term sentencing.
a. True
b. False
Gang membership has increased over the past decade.
a. True
b. False
Case law has established that probationers are entitled to be represented by counsel
during probation revocation hearings.
a. True
b. False
CASE 15.1
Aubrey Jamison, a 17-year-old student, is arrested for possession of marijuana in
her high school after an anonymous tip led the principal and guidance counselor to
search her locker and the belongings therein. A small about of the narcotic and
three prescription-strength oxycodone pills were found in her purse. Given this
information, answer the following questions.
If upon finding the prescription drugs, the principal and guidance counsel conducted a
strip search on Ms. Jamison, the Court would rule that:
a. This was legal based on New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985).
b. This was a violation of Ms. Jamison’s Sixth Amendment right to due process.
c. This was a violation of Ms. Jamison’s Fourth Amendment right to unreasonable
search and seizure.
d. This was legal under the Eighth Amendment.
Which is not a behavior associated with antisocial personality?
a. Repeatedly performs acts that are grounds for arrest
b. Needs to plan ahead
c. Reckless disregard for the safety of others
d. Lack of remorse
Which of the following is not a style of the Pennsylvania System of corrections?
a. Single cells in a semicircle
b. Bible study
c. Congregate model
d. Silence
Unlike their male counterparts, female inmates are more likely to be middle-aged,
white, and married, with some education.
a. True
b. False
CASE 5.2
Chief Jones has been a police officer since 1960. He was hired by the New York
City Police Department in 1960 when he was 20 years old. He is now 72 years old
and will be retiring as the police chief of a police department in a city located 60
miles outside of New York City. He has seen many changes in policing over the
past fifty years.
The officers continue to ask Chief Jones about Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
Someof them want to know what type of law enforcement opportunities exist in this
agency. ChiefJones discusses the components of ICE. All of the following are
components of ICE except:
a. Office of Investigations
b. Office of Detention and Removal Operations
c. Office of Intelligence
d. Witness Security
Which is a sworn written statement addressed to a court or judge by the police,
prosecutor, or individual alleging that an individual has committed an offense and
requesting prosecution?
a. Indictment
b. Arraignment
c. Complaint
d. Warrant
During the past twenty-five years, the number of secure correctional facilities increased
threefold.
a. True
b. False
What are the three main components into which the contemporary criminal justice
system is generally divided?
a. Law enforcement, the correctional system, and the legislature
b. Law enforcement, the courts, and the correctional system
c. Law enforcement, the courts, and the legislature
d. The courts, the correctional system, and the legislature
CASE 14.1
Jason Fitch, a 35-year-old white male, is arrested in his home for domestic battery,
aggravated assault on a police officer, and possession of heroin following an
incident in which neighbors called the police after hearing an argument. Given this
information, answer the following questions.
Given the likelihood of a dependence upon heroin, Mr. Fitch was placed in drug
treatment programs as well, one in which he was given which of the following drugs,
which helps substitute for heroin and eventually will help him get off of the drug.
a. Zofran
b. Cymbalta
c. Methadone
d. Zovirax
Which of the following is a public order crime?
a. Prostitution
b. Embezzlement
c. Domestic violence
d. Hate speech
The racial threat hypothesis contends that young minority males are a greater threat
thanyoung white males.
a. True
b. False
Apparent increases in crime rates in the UCR may actually reflect changes in the way
thepolice record their data.
a. True
b. False
If you were concerned about the potentially stigmatizing effect of community
notification laws on sexualoffenders, you would be part of the perspective.
a. Restorative justice
b. Equal justice
c. Rehabilitation
d. Nonintervention
Which term is used to describe the concern with making decisions that are arrived at
throughprocedures that are viewed as fair?
a. Individual rights
b. Crime control
c. Due process
d. Procedural justice
The O.J. Simpson case would be considered a Level IV case in the wedding cake model
of justice.
a. True
b. False
Data mining recognizes geographic “hot spots” where a majority of predatory crimes
areconcentrated.
a. True
b. False
CASE 5.1
Danny is a new police recruit. He is amazed at the technology that is used at his
police department. His goal is to become a detective who works in the crime scene
investigation unit of his police department. Because of this goal, when he responds
to a call he pays particular attention to the technology used by his police
department.
Danny responded to a robbery in which the suspect left a note demanding money.
Dannyhands over this note to crime scene investigators who want to compare the
handwriting on thenote to other notes left at previous robberies. This handwriting will
be compared to samplesthat already exist in a database. Using handwriting to identify
individuals is a part of a practice of:
a. Biometrics
b. Data mining
c. DNA testing
d. Thermal imagers
Consideration of IQ and attachment are a part of what type of theory?
a. Psychological theory
b. Sociological theory
c. Sociobiological theory
d. Choice theory
The supervision of selected offenders from rehabilitation-style facilities in the 1870s
was handled by individuals known as:
a. Guardians.
b. Wardens.
c. Gate-keepers.
d. Custodians.
Johnny was arrested for robbery. In his state robbery, is a second-degree felony,
and Johnny can besentenced to up to 20 years in prison. Johnny has never been
arrested before and is not familiar with thecriminal justice system.
Johnny was presented with the option of a reduction of his charges from a robbery to a
burglary, and a sentence of5 years in prison instead of 20. This is an example of a plea
bargain. What percentage of criminal cases are settledwith a plea bargain?
A. 25
B. 50
C. 70
D. 90
The prosecutor has the final say in a direct-file waiver claim.
a. True
b. False
Naltrexone is a drug commonly used in prisons to treat anxiety and anger/aggression
issues.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is not a method used to evaluate whether capital punishment
reduces the murder rate?
a. Immediate-impact study
b. Time-series analysis
c. Contiguous-state analysis
d. Cost”benefit analysis
Which of the following evidentiary standards of proof are used in civil proceedings?
a. Beyond a reasonable doubt
b. Clear and convincing
c. Preponderance of the evidence
d. Probable cause
Over the past two decades, the number of female jail inmates has been increasing at a
faster rate than that of male inmates.
a. True
b. False
Which case ruled that the death penalty amounts to cruel and unusual punishment,
which is a violation of the Eighth Amendment?
a. Coker v. Georgia
b. Furman v. Georgia
c. Cabana v. Bullock
d. Deck v. Missouri
The Federal Crime Act of 1994 created what the criminal justice system refers to as
“victim impact statements.”
a. True
b. False
In which season do the greatest numbers of reported crimes occur?
a. Summer
b. Fall
c. Spring
d. Winter
When the first House of Refuge opened in New York the Society for the Prevention of
Pauperism and the __________________ were influential in establishing such positive
a. Quakers
b. Amish
c. Mennonites
d. Southern Baptist
A type of prison in which cells are located along corridors in the multiple layers or
levels was called the ___________________.
Discuss the three components of community-oriented policing.
Answer:Answers will vary.
_______________ uses scientific method to determine whether criminal justice
programs actually reducecrime rates and offender recidivism.
Discuss police processing of juvenile offenders and be sure to include how discretion
plays a role in this process.
Answer:Answers will vary.
The ________________ are the trial courts for the federal system.
When prosecutors decide to take no further action after conducting a preliminary
investigation of the legalmatters of a case it is referred to as a (n)
____________________.
__________________ is the police unit that investigates allegations of police
misconduct.
__________________ precipitation occurs when the victim exhibits some personal
characteristic that unintentionally threatens or encourages the offender to act.
Discuss what is meant by an alternative dispute resolution and the two main forms of
dispute resolution. Also, list and describe what is meant by a “mini-trial,” and provide
examples to support your answer.
Answer:Answers will vary.
The Supreme Court has taken an active role in determining the legality of
policeoperations and has sought to balance the law enforcement officer’s need for
freedom to investigatewith the citizen’s constitutional rights. Discuss this balance, using
three case examples asillustration.
Answer:Answers will vary.
The federal government helped put private industry into prisons with the passage of the
______________________ Program in 1976.
Aggressive patrol is a tactic employed as part of an overall philosophy
of____________________ policing.
Explain who is most at risk of being sexually assaulted in prison. Also, explain some of
the structural details of the prison design itself that may be conducive to victimization.
Answer:Answers will vary.
A crime is said to be ____________________ when at least one person is arrested or
chargedwith the commission of the offense.
Elaborate on what the future of the juvenile justice system looks like. In this
explanation, Provide examples of changes (or the lack thereof) that led you to your
conclusion.
Answer:Answers will vary,
Discuss the legal rights of students in the school setting. In your discussion, include
three significant Supreme Court cases that have shaped this area of the Fourth
Amendment.
Answer:Answers will vary.
An _________________________ defendant is one who lacks the funds to hire an
attorney.
Describe the procedures following an arrest, using an imaginary criminal and suspect as
your example.
Answer:Answers will vary.
A __________________________ is a regimented, dehumanizing institution, such as a
prison, where people are kept in social isolation.