In_________, the Supreme Court held that women had no constitutional right to vote.
a.Bradwell v. Illinois (1873)
b. Minor v. Happersett (1875)
c. Goesaert v. Cleary (1948)
d. None of the above is true.
The Supreme Court’s decision in Roe v. Wade (1973) holding that the right of privacy is
“broad enough to encompass a woman’s decision whether or not to terminate her
pregnancy” is grounded explicitly in the
a. First Amendment freedom of conscience.
b. Ninth Amendment.
c. guarantee of liberty in the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
d. Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Justice Joseph L. Bradley’s dissenting opinion in _____________anticipated the Court’s
later development of the Due Process Clause as the basis for protecting property rights.
a. The Civil Rights Cases
b. The Slaughterhouse Cases
c. Munn v. Illinois
d. None of the above is true.
In his original draft of the Bill of Rights, _________________ proposed that state as
well as federal establishments of religion be prohibited.
a. Thomas Jefferson
b. Alexander Hamilton
c. James Madison
d. John Jay
In ____________, the Supreme Court upheld a federal regulation that barred birth
control clinics that received federal funds from providing information about abortion
services to their clients.
a. Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989)
b. Rust v. Sullivan (1991)
c. Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)
d. Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)
In Davis v. Beason (1890), Justice ___________ stated that “the term “religion” has
reference to one’s view of his relations to his Creator, and to the obligations they impose
of reverence for His being and character, and obedience to His will.”
a. Salmon P. Chase
b. John Marshall Harlan
c. William Day
d. Stephen J. Field
In judging claims of official discrimination in the area of voting rights, courts usually
employ
a. the rational basis test.
b. heightened scrutiny.
c. strict scrutiny.
d. substantive due process.
In _____________, a case involving the prosecution of an organized crime figure, the
Supreme Court said that the Eighth Amendment does not require that defendants be
released on bail, only that, if the court grants bail, it must not be “excessive.”
a. Trop v. Dulles (1958)
b. Stack v. Boyle (1951)
c. United States v. Salerno (1987)
d. none of the above
The political philosophy of _____________ holds that individual freedom is the highest
good, and that law should be interpreted to maximize the scope of individual freedom.
a. populism
b. conservatism
c. liberalism
d. libertarianism
In ______________, the Court held that police are not required to inform motorists who
are stopped for other reasons that they are “free to go” before asking them to consent to
a search of their automobile.
a. Chimel v. California (1969)
b. Schneckloth v. Bustamonte (1973)
c. Florida v. Bostick (1991)
d. Ohio v. Robinette (1996)
The Supreme Court decided in ______________, that the Second Amendment protects
a personal right to keep and bear arms.
a. Lewis v. United States (1980)
b. District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)
c. United States v. Miller (1939)
d. United States v. Cruikshank (1875)
In Roe v. Wade Justice Blackmun stated that the word “person” in the Constitution
applied
a. to the fetus at the point of viability.
b. after the first trimester of pregnancy.
c. after the second trimester of pregnancy.
d. postnatally.
Under Wolf v. Colorado, states were free to adopt or ignore the Weeks exclusionary rule.
Some adopted the rule; most did not. The discrepancy between the rules applicable to
state and federal courts gave rise to the ______ doctrine.
a. fruit of the poisonous tree
b. totality of circumstances
c. total incorporation
d. silver platter
In_________________, the Court prohibited the use of GPS tracking devices placed on
suspects’ cars without prior judicial authorization.
a. United States v. Jones (2012)
b. Kyllo v. United States (2001)
c. Illinois v. Gates (1983)
d. Oliver v. United States (1984)
The issue of prior restraint arose in which case in connection with the publication of a
magazine article purporting to describe the process of making a hydrogen bomb?
a. Near v. Minnesota (1931)
b. New York Times Company v. United States (1971)
c. United States v. The Progressive (1979)
d. Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988)
Justice ________ authored the opinion for the unanimous Court in Gomillion v.
Lightfoot (1960).
a. Black
b. Douglas
c. Frankfurter
d. none of the above
In _____________, the Supreme Court said that freedom of religion is a fundamental
right that could be abridged only if necessary to protect a compelling government
interest.
a. Hobbie v. Unemployment Appeals Division (1987)
b.Thomas v. Review Board (1981)
c. Sherbert v. Verner (1963)
d. None of the above is true.
In Schall v. Martin (1984), the Supreme Court upheld a ____________ program for
juveniles.
a. work release
b. probation and parole
c. community service
d. pretrial detention
From the 1890s through the mid-1930s the U.S. Supreme Court frequently interpreted
the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as a substantive limitation on
a. freedom of speech
b. federal criminal prosecutions
c. economic regulation by the states
d. voting rights
The two aspects of constitutional rights include _________ and ________.
a. liberty; privacy
b. equality; privacy
c. liberty; equality
d. None of the above is true.
In ______________, the Supreme Court upheld a New York statute requiring local
public school districts to lend textbooks on secular subjects to students in private and
parochial schools based on the child benefit theory.
a. Board of Education v. Allen (1968)
b. Meek v. Pittenger (1975)
c. Everson v. Board of Education (1947)
d. None of the above is true.
According to the Court’s decision in____________, officers have probable cause when
“the facts and circumstances within their knowledge, and of which they had reasonably
trustworthy information, [are] sufficient in themselves to warrant a man of reasonable
caution in the belief that an offense has been or is being committed.”
a.Stanford v. Texas (1965)
b. Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1971)
c. Brinegar v. United States (1949)
d. Illinois v. Gates (1983)
In ____________, the Court invalidated on due process grounds a state law prohibiting
the teaching of the German language in primary schools.
a. Prudential Insurance Company v. Cheek (1922)
b. Meyer v. Nebraska (1923)
c. Pierce v. Society of Sisters (1925)
d. Fiske v. Kansas (1927).
The Supreme Court held in _________ that the ex post facto limitation applied only to
retroactive criminal statutes and not to laws affecting properly rights or contractual
obligations.
a. Calder v. Bull (1798)
b. Marbury v. Madison (1803)
c. Fletcher v. Peck (1810)
d. None of the above is true.
The case of ____________________ involved a challenge to a state law that made it a
crime to use, sell, or possess birth control devices.
a. Buck v. Bell (1927)
b. Bowers v. Hardwick (1986)
c. Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
d. None of the above is true.
In _________________, the Supreme Court upheld a Florida court’s injunction that
prohibited antiabortion protesters from coming within a 36-foot buffer zone around the
entrances to an abortion clinic.
a. Adderley v. Florida (1966)
b. Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network (1997)
c. Madsen v. Women’s Health Center (1994)
d. None of the above is true.
Chief Justice ____________ once wrote, “”as a law of the organization of society under
the exclusive dominion of the United States, it is provided that plural marriages shall
not be allowed. Can a man excuse his practices to the contrary because of his religious
belief? To permit this would be to make the professed doctrines of religious belief
superior to the law of the land, and in effect to permit every citizen to become a law
unto himself. Government could exist only in name under such circumstances.”
a. Morrison R. Waite
b. Melville Fuller
c. Edward Douglass White
d. None of the above is true.
Under the _______________, the government must show that a challenged policy bears
a “substantial” relationship to an “important” government interest.
a. rational basis test
b. heightened scrutiny test
c. strict scrutiny test
d. None of the above is true.
In _______________, the Supreme Court upheld an Air Force dress code requirement
against the challenge of an Orthodox Jew who was disciplined for wearing a yarmulke
while in uniform. Stressing the need for discipline and uniformity in the military, the
Court rejected the challenge.
a. Rostker v. Goldberg (1981)
b. Goldman v. Weinberger (1986)
c. United States v. Bland (1931)
d. None of the above is true.
In Stone v. Powell (1976), the Supreme Court decided that state prisoners could not use
federal habeas corpus petitions to raise any ______________ issues as long as they had
been provided “a full and fair opportunity” to litigate those issues in the state courts.
a. cruel and unusual punishment
b. self-incrimination
c. Fourth Amendment
d. federal constitutional
The _____________ Amendment prohibits military authorities from quartering troops
in citizens’ homes without their consent.
a. Second
b. Third
c. Fourth
d. None of the above is true.
In Employment Division v. Smith (1990) the Court rejected Smith’s claim that the free
exercise of religion included his
a. ritualistic use of peyote.
b. right to practice polygamy.
c. burning of the Bible as a form of protest against Christian fundamentalism.
d. choice not to disclose his social security number to his employer.
In ___________, the Court upheld a state law that explicitly adopted the bad tendency
test by criminalizing publications “having a tendency to encourage or incite the
commission of any crime, breach of the peace or act of violence.”
a. Patterson v Colorado (1907)
b.Fox v. Washington (1915)
c. Schenck v. United States (1919)
d. None of the above