The core of reality therapy consists of:
a. teaching clients how to acquire rational beliefs instead of irrational beliefs.
b. helping clients to understand their unconscious dynamics.
c. giving clients opportunities to express unresolved feelings.
d. teaching clients to take effective control of their own lives.
A person who unconsciously exhibits overly nice behavior to conceal hostile feelings is
probably using which ego defense?
a. displacement
b. reaction formation
c. introjection
d. projection
e. regression
This model stresses the concept that basic inferiority feelings are normal and help us to
strive for superiority.
a. reality therapy
b. cognitive-behavior therapy
c. existential therapy
d. Adlerian therapy
e. person-centered therapy
Regarding the use of techniques in CBT:
a. they are considered the only necessary component of therapeutic change.
b. they lack standardization and validation and are largely ineffective in creating
change.
c. they are emphasized, but not considered exclusively responsible for creating change.
d. they are used intermittently to help clients gain insight.
e. none of the above
The_______________ factors the alliance, the relationship, the personal and
interpersonal skills of the therapist, client agency, and extra-therapeutic factorsare the
primary determinants of therapeutic outcome.
a. logistical
b. contextual
c. psychodynamic
d. technical
A person who manages their anxiety by distorting reality and failing to acknowledge
painful events is most likely using:
a. introjection.
b. sublimation.
c. denial.
d. compensation.
e. undoing.
Sandra is a reality therapist who is meeting her client Paul, who struggles with career
indecision, for the first time. How might she begin her work with Paul?
a. by diagnosing his problem using the DSM
b. by asking Paul what he wants from therapy
c. by asking about his earliest recollections
d. by asking him to take a career inventory
Concepts of political action and social justice are stressed in this approach.
a. Gestalt therapy
b. person-centered therapy
c. family systems therapy
d. Adlerian therapy
e. feminist therapy
Which of the following is not a component of total behavior?
a. wanting
b. acting
c. feeling
d. thinking
e. physiology
Directing energy toward another object or a person (when anxiety is reduced by
focusing on a ‘safer target”) is known as:
a. sublimation.
b. repression.
c. introjection.
d. displacement.
e. compensation.
Of the following cognitive techniques, which one would Beck be least likely to
employ?
a. exploring cognitive distortions
b. helping clients to replace negative imagery with more positive and successful coping
scenes
c. confronting the musturbatory thinking of a client
d. encouraging clients to participate in cognitive rehearsal
e. teaching clients ways of testing hypotheses
Field theory suggests that:
a. the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
b. human beings have a innate capacity to self regulate.
c. everything in human experience is relational and in constant flux.
d. phenomenological inquiry is the key to behavior change.
e. the “how” of behavior is more important than the “why” of behavior.
When is the counseling process at its best from an existential viewpoint?
a. When the client feels comfortable enough to engage in shame-attacking exercises
outside of counseling sessions.
b. When the deepest self of the therapist meets the deepest part of the client.
c. When the therapist uses his or her influence to convince the client to let go of his or
her anxiety.
d. When sessions begin with progressive muscle relaxation exercises.
Faulty personality development results from inadequate resolution of some specific
stage of psychosexual development.
a. psychoanalytic therapy
b. person-centered therapy
c. Gestalt therapy
d. existential therapy
e. Adlerian therapy
Beck’s cognitive therapy has been most widely applied to the treatment of:
a. stress symptoms.
b. anxiety reactions.
c. phobias.
d. depression.
e. cardiovascular disorders.
Erv Polster believes that storytelling:
a. is always a form of resistance.
b. can be the heart of the therapeutic process since people are storytelling beings.
c. is acceptable only if one’s client is a writer.
d. is an indication that one’s client is a pathological liar.
e. is a sign of high verbal abilities, and thus, high intelligence.
Which child tends to feel squeezed out and may develop a conviction that life is unfair
and a feeling of being cheated?
a. the oldest child
b. the second child
c. the middle child
d. the youngest child
e. the only child
This model stresses self-evaluation of behavior, personal responsibility, total behavior,
and commitment to change.
a. psychoanalytic therapy
b. person-centered therapy
c. family therapy
d. existential therapy
e. reality therapy
All of the following are true about planning and commitment in reality therapy, except:
a. Clients make a commitment to carry out their plans.
b. There is a connection between a person’s identity and their level of commitment.
c. A great deal of time is spent on this step of reality therapy.
d. Commitment puts the responsibility for changing on the client.
e. Therapists only ask for commitments that are reasonable.
Which is(are) a key role (or roles) of most family therapists?
a. teacher
b. model
c. coach
d. consultant
e. all of these
Treatment techniques of psychoanalytic psychotherapy include all except:
a. dreams, jokes, slips and symptoms.
b. interpretations of resistance and content.
c. transference and countertransference.
d. paradoxical intention.
e. the therapeutic contract.
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) irrational ideas, (b) homework assignments, (c) shame-attacking exercises, (d)
rational-emotive imagery, (e) dream interpretation
The function of the reality therapist is:
a. to assist clients in dealing with the present.
b. to encourage clients to make a value judgment concerning the quality of their
behavior.
c. to confront clients about specific irrational thoughts and ideas and to teach them to
think
rationally.
d. to reindoctrinate clients with the acceptable standards for living.
Which of the following is not associated with behavior therapy?
a. applied behavior analysis
b. total behavior
c. relaxation training
d. extinction
e. flooding
The “empty chair” technique is most often used in which approach?
a. Gestalt therapy
b. REBT
c. Adlerian therapy
d. psychoanalytic therapy
e. behavior therapy
Some researchers believe that fear of flying may be due primarily to claustrophobia.
One of the techniques used by behavior therapists in dealing with a client’s anxiety is:
a. the miracle question.
b. encouragement.
c. externalizing the problem.
d. systematic desensitization.
e. shame-attacking exercises.
The Gestalt therapist:
a. freely makes interpretations for the client.
b. pays attention to the client’s nonverbal language.
c. is mainly nondirective.
d. helps the client understand why he or she is behaving in self-defeating ways.
e. assigns homework to bring about specific cognitive and behavior changes.
Privileged communication does not apply to
a. group counseling
b. couples counseling
c. family therapy
d. child and adolescent therapy
e. all of these.
In Gestalt therapy, assessment is best conceived of as:
a. something that is completed at the intake session.
b. a behavioral description of what the client is doing.
c. an ongoing process embedded in the dialogue between client and therapist.
d. something that gets in the way of understanding the client’s subjective world.
e. a process that results in a traditional diagnosis that can be used for insurance
purposes.
Beck’s therapeutic approach focuses on specific symptoms of depressed clients and the
reasons they give for these symptoms.
The vast majority of mental health professionals have experienced personal therapy,
typically on several occasions.
While most feminist therapists believe that gender is always an important factor, they
realize that ethnicity, sexual orientation, and class may be more important factors in
certain situations for many women.
Rudolf Dreikurs is credited with popularizing the Adlerian approach in the United
States.
According to Perls, awareness of and by itself is not sufficient to lead to change; clients
must also put their experiences into some type of cognitive framework if change is to
happen.
Strategic therapists emphasize the value of therapist interpretation, exploring
unresolved issues from the past, and insight.
Dialectical behavior therapy integrates behavioral techniques with psychoanalytic
concepts and mindfulness training of Eastern psychological and spiritual practices.
Structural family therapists limit their interventions to families alone.
Multimodal therapy does not fit well with the goals and aspirations of managed care.
The solution-focused approach was originally designed as a brief model of
psychotherapy.
Robert Wubbolding stresses the importance of an engaging therapeutic environment.
Adlerian couples therapists use a psychoeducational approach.
Michael White and David Epston are the major figures associated with narrative
therapy.
Practice-based evidence involves using data generated during treatment to inform the
process and outcome of treatment.
Today’s feminists believe that gender can be considered separately from other identity
areas such as race, ethnicity, class, and sexual orientation.
A Gestalt therapist pays attention to ways the client uses language.
To varying degrees, most CBT interventions are integrated models of psychotherapy.