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Punishments between ordinary probation and jail or prison are termed
_________________________ sanctions.
The rule bars evidence from being used in the prosecution's case-in-chief if it was
obtained in violation of a defendant's constitutional rights.
The U.S. Supreme Court has emphasized that racial discrimination in the imposition of
the death penalty violates the 14th Amendment's guarantees of due process and equal
protection. However, proof of such discrimination cannot rest on statistical evidence of
racially disparate sentencing outcomes.
Discuss why legislatures have become the principal source of law beginning in the early
20th century to the present.
Model adherents criticize plea bargaining because it negates the fundamental protection
of the adversary system.
The party who initiates or files the first appeal is called the _____________________.
The Uniform Crime Report's Type I offenses are also referred to as
____________________ crimes.
The use of precedent promotes fairness and consistency.
Military justice applies not only to members of the armed services but also to those who
commit crimes against military personnel on and off a military base.
Discretion of judges in setting bail is often guided by of flight.
Victims of domestic violence may request a civil protection order.
Trial courts of ____________ jurisdiction are commonly referred to as major trial
courts.
In the federal courts, the U.S. attorneys enjoy considerable autonomy from the U.S.
Justice Department.
The increasing use of probation is a direct reflection of the serious problem of prison
overcrowding.
An error by the lower court that does not require the case to be overturned is called a(n)
______________________ error.
Why do some jurisdictions use grand juries extensively and others do not? Describe
some of the criticisms of the grand jury.
The ____________________ is the most influential of the courthouse actors.
The exclusionary rule requires exclusion of evidence obtained as a result of a
violation.
