__________ help people become aware of their cognitions (the dialogue that goes on
within us) and how their thinking affects how they feel and act.
a. Cognitive therapists
b. Rational emotive behavior therapy
c. Adlerian therapy
d. Individual stressors
In order to help clients in crisis, the helper must identify __________, which include
people in the client’s life from whom they can draw strength during their crisis.
a. coping mechanisms
b. situational supports
c. specific situations
d. self-talk
Jim is seeking a career in the helping professions with the hope that he will exert a
significant influence on the lives of those seeking help. His motivation to help others is
based on the need
a. for prestige and status.
b. to care for others.
c. to make an impact.
d. to provide answers.
__________ refers to individual differences on a number of variables that place clients
at risk for discrimination.
a. Multiculturalism
b. Diversity
c. Cultural tunnel vision
d. Countertransference
__________is/are exempt from the influence of negative societal stereotyping,
prejudice, and even hatefulness toward LGB people.
a. Females
b. No one
c. Males
d. Children
Sally has had little training in working with families, but is asked to counsel a family. It
would be best if she would
a. take the family on and learn from the experience.
b. ask the supervisor if she could observe and participate as a co-therapist with the
family.
c. work with the children because they are less threatening.
d. refer the family out of the agency.
All of the following descriptions from Erikson’s stage of development perspective
ofeach developmental transition stages are true EXCEPT
a. represents a psychosocial crisis, or turning point, when individuals are faced with
fulfilling their destinies.
b. builds on the psychological outcomes of earlier stages.
c. has a psychosocial task to be mastered before moving to the next stage.
d. personal transformation demands an awareness of how you deal with developmental
tasks currently with no connection to your past.
Joe is an intern at an agency that serves chemically dependent adolescent clients. His
supervisor believes that harsh confrontation is the best way to cut through their
stubborn defenses. Uncomfortable using this counseling technique, it would be best if
Joe would
a. find an agency that he is more comfortable working in.
b. be open to using confrontation as a counseling technique, while moderating the
harshness of his supervisor.
c. ignore the supervisor’s confrontational technique and use methods of counseling that
are more familiar to him.
d. recognize that the supervisor will not be open to discussing the matter and see it as an
attack on his style of counseling.
Which professional organization is composed of members from diverse educational and
professional backgrounds with the mission of fostering excellence in human service
delivery through education, scholarship, and practice?
a. APA
b. ACA
c. NASW
d. NOHS
You will need to learn a number of time-limited, solution-focused, structured, effective
strategies that can empower clients to make specific behavioral changes they desire
when working with
a. diagnosis.
b. a critical questioning procedure.
c. assessment.
d. brief interventions.
Regarding ethics codes, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Ethics codes are partially designed to protect practitioners in cases of malpractice.
b. Compliance with or violation of ethics codes of conduct may be admissible as
evidence in some legal proceedings.
c. In a lawsuit, a helper’s conduct would probably be judged in comparison with that of
other professionals with similar qualifications and duties.
d. If one follows the ethics codes, there is never a case of a conflict between ethical and
legal duties.
The outreach approach includes educational endeavors of all of the following EXCEPT
a. skills training.
b. education of the community.
c. consultation.
d. change agent.
A characteristic considered to be unproductive and ineffective for helping clients is to:
a. share persistent reactions to the client in an appropriate and timely manner.
b. question life and engage in critical self-examination of one’s beliefs and values.
c. be willing to draw on a number of resources to enable clients to move toward their
goals.
d. realize that it takes hard work to bring about change and be willing to stick with
clients as they go through this difficult process.
Which of the following “reflects the deep patterning of old experiences in relationships
as they emerge in current life”?
a. Transference
b. Obsessive compulsive disorder
c. Psychosis
d. Relational de j vu
A __________ is a serious breach that causes harm to the client.
a. boundary setting
b. boundary relationship
c. boundary crossing
d. boundary violation
__________ is a state of psychological separateness from one’s family.
a. Transference
b. Unfinished business
c. Individuation
d. Family rules
Which of the following is NOT a key concept of solution-focused brief therapy?
a. There are exceptions to every problem.
b. This approach disavows the therapist’s role of expert and emphasizes a more
collaborative and consultative stance.
c. There is a movement from talking about problems to talking about creating solutions.
d. Both transference and countertransference are central aspects in the relationship.
Helpers who have little self-awareness are at best
a. marginally intelligent.
b. skilled technicians.
c. master therapists.
d. paraprofessionals.
When there is potential for negative consequences arising from a dual relationship, it is
the responsibility of the professional to adhere to all of the following EXCEPT
a. secure the informed consent of clients and discuss with them both the potential risks
and benefits of the relationship.
b. consult with other professionals.
c. seek supervision only if you want to.
d. document any dual relationships in clinical case notes.
Gary works in an agency that is short-staffed and is continuously being asked to work
an overloaded schedule. He feels overwhelmed by the job and is exhausted by the time
he leaves work. Recently, Gary sought help through a counselor for managing his
stress. The first step he needs to take to develop an effective stress-management
program is
a. altering stress-inducing behavior patterns.
b. avoiding stressors.
c. self-monitoring.
d. using cognitive approaches to challenge irrational beliefs.
All of the following are listed in the text as ways to profit from your
supervisionEXCEPT
a. expressing your reactions.
b. never saying I don”t know.
c. learning from supervisors without copying them.
d. focusing on client’s dynamics and one’s own dynamics as a counselor.
Which of the following is NOT associated with the category of experiential and
relationship-oriented approaches?
a. Rational emotive behavior therapy
b. Existential therapy
c. Person-centered therapy
d. Gestalt therapy
Which theory most deals with childhood experiences that are reconstructed, explored,
and interpreted in therapy?
a. Gestalt therapy
b. Adlerian therapy
c. Psychoanalytic therapy
d. Cognitive therapy
Michael is hesitant to seek counseling for his work-related problems because he
believes that he should find the inner strength to resolve his issues due to his strong
religious values. If he decides to see a counselor, it will be important for the counselor
to
a. view his religious values as a potential resource in promoting his well-being.
b. challenge his belief that religion is a source of healing.
c. ignore the influence of religion in his life since Michael’s issues have nothing to do
with religion.
d. adopt Michael’s religious values in order to work effectively with him.
__________ puts the focus on ethnicity, race, and culture.
a. Diversity
b. Political countertransference
c. Multiculturalism
d. Assertiveness
With regard to __________, none of the codes state that they are unethical.
a. illegal relationships
b. sexual dual relationships
c. boundary violations
d. nonsexual dual relationships
There should be _____instances where you would have to tell clients that you could not
work with them because you do not agree with their value system.
a. no
b. very often
c. some
d. many
What is the name of the underlying philosophy upon which the practice of reality
therapy is based?
a. Critical mass theory
b. Control theory
c. Choice theory
d. Crisis theory
According to the Coreys, group work is the treatment of choice primarily because
a. the dollars are stretched more.
b. there are inherent values in the group process that lead to self-understanding, healing,
and change on the part of the members.
c. clients generally trust a group counselor more than they trust an individual counselor.
d. insurance companies will reimburse clients for group services more often than for
individual psychological services.
Existential therapy places emphasis on
a. working with the faulty belief systems of the client.
b. uncovering early childhood traumatic events.
c. the quality of the client-therapist relationship.
d. a systematic approach to changing behavior.
One who practices rational emotive behavior therapy would be considered a _____
therapist.
a. psychodynamic
b. cognitive
c. humanistic
d. systems-oriented
As helpers begin to practice counseling, it is likely that many of them will become
aware that they are taking on a profession role that:
a. resembles their parents unhealthy relationship skills.
b. resembles the role of a counselor they saw in a movie with unhealthy relationships.
c. resembles the role they played in their family.
d. does not resemble the role they played in their family.
As a way to put clients in the position of being the experts about their own lives,
solution-focused brief therapists
a. adopt a stance of being active and highly directive.
b. adopt a “not knowing” position.
c. place top priority on the I-Thou relationship.
d. conduct an assessment of a client’s total behavior.
When the Coreys asked practitioners about the skills they most need in their present
jobs,all of the following skills werementioned EXCEPT
a. counseling skills.
b. supervisory skills.
c. personal crisis experience.
d. the ability to write a proposal.