Acts performed in response to orders from authority considered illegal or immoral by
the larger community are called
A) bystander apathy.
B) reductionism.
C) crimes of obedience.
D) fundamental attribution error.
Answer:
Which diagnostic label has been associated with the iatrogenic phenomenon in recent
years?
A) Paranoid schizophrenia
B) Histrionic personality disorder
C) Post-traumatic stress disorder
D) Dissociative identity disorder
Answer:
All of the following offenses are considered violent except
A) cyberstalking.
B) murder.
C) rape.
D) robbery.
Answer:
Which statement most accurately reflects the relationship between crack and violent
behavior?
A) Crack, by itself does not seem to cause violent behavior in nonviolent people.
B) The production, distribution and selling of crack is not associated with violence.
C) The use of even small doses of crack promotes violent behavior.
D) Long-term use of crack promotes violent behavior, especially in regularly nonviolent
individuals.
Answer:
What kind of offender would be most likely to engage in undoing at a murder scene?
A) Sadistic
B) Shy
C) Psychopathic
D) Emotionally distraught
Answer:
Rudy rarely cries when his mother leaves the room and shows no reaction when his
mother picks him up. Rudy is displaying signs of ________ attachment.
A) avoidant
B) secure
C) ambivalent
D) enmeshed
Answer:
According to Cleckley, which absolute unchanging characteristic is always present in
the psychopath?
A) Egocentricity
B) Lack of remorse
C) Impulsivity
D) Pathological lying
Answer:
In family violence, the term “battering” is generally reserved for
A) heterosexual physical violence.
B) psychological abuse.
C) emotional abuse.
D) physical violence.
Answer:
There is evidence that men who have both schizophrenia and ________ are at an
increased risk of violent offending.
A) substance abuse
B) delusional disorder
C) affective psychosis
D) depression
Answer:
Scott Henggeler and his colleagues have designed a treatment approach for serious
juvenile offenders that is responsive to many of the social systems influencing the
child’s delinquent behavior. This treatment approach is called
A) multisystemic therapy.
B) restrictive intervention.
C) Gestalt therapy.
D) rehabilitative intervention.
Answer:
Which of the following statements is true of the GAM?
A) It is based on “Stand Your Ground” laws.
B) It draws heavily on social-cognitive and social learning theories the reinforcement
gained as a result of the behavior.
C) It posits that violence occurs solely because of basic cognitive processes.
D) It was developed from research on road rage.
Answer:
How many states tried as adults in criminal courts under certain conditions and for
certain offenses?
A) Zero
B) Two
C) Twenty
D) Fifty
Answer:
The small group of nerve cells in the brain involved in aggressive behavior is called the
________ and is part of the ________ system.
A) amygdala; limbic
B) frontal lobe; central nervous
C) hippocampus; limbic
D) atempora; activating
Answer:
A concept that refers to the perceived discrepancy between what an individual has and
what he or she would like to have is called
A) restrictive opportunity.
B) discrepant distribution of wealth.
C) relative deprivation.
D) displacement of needs fallacy.
Answer:
Those researchers who advocate for a fourth core factor in psychopathy argue that
________ should be included with the three core factors.
A) low intelligence
B) antisocial behavior
C) lack of guilt
D) impulsiveness
Answer:
What was the Supreme Court’s ruling in Jackson v. Indiana?
A) Psychoactive medication could not be given to incompetent defendants.
B) Psychoactive medication could not be given to defendants found insane.
C) Incompetent defendants could not be hospitalized indefinitely if no progress was
made to restore them.
Answer:
Which of the following is an example of a protective factor?
A) Exposure to chemical toxins
B) Parental substance abuse
C) Supportive caregivers
D) Poverty
Answer:
Medicare fraud committed by a physician would be considered ________ occupational
crime under Green’s categories.
A) medical
B) professional
C) individual
D) state-authority
Answer:
Euphemistic language and moral justifications are processes involved in
A) dehumanization.
B) disengagement.
C) advantageous comparisons.
D) cognitive restructuring.
Answer:
Which type of profiling is often used in the search for property offenders?
A) Residential
B) Racial
C) Geographical
D) Equivocal
Answer:
According to the research, which two factors increase the probability that a child will
become a serious delinquent?
A) Poverty and high emotionality
B) School failure and a single-parent home
C) Physical aggression and peer rejection
D) Mental disorder and birth order
Answer:
All of the following are consistent with the developmental approach to the study of
crime except
A) examining factors that place a child at risk of engaging in serious delinquency.
B) identifying the age of onset of antisocial behavior.
C) searching for protective factors in a child’s life.
D) obtaining a child’s IQ score as he or she enters adolescence.
Answer:
According to research by Borum and Gelles (2005), which of the following is not a
characteristic of al-Qaeda today?
A) Strategically adaptive
B) Far reaching
C) Evolving
D) Fanatical
Answer:
The Groth rape typology is similar to the original MTC typology, except that Groth
A) emphasizes the motives for the rape.
B) has more categories of rape behavior than the MTC.
C) has better behavioral descriptions of the categories.
D) emphasizes victim reactions.
Answer:
Psychopaths demonstrate normal appraisal of emotional cues and situations in the
abstract (i.e., verbal discussion., but they are deficient in using emotional cues to guide
their judgments and behavior in the process of living. This phenomenon is referred to as
A) emotional paradox.
B) imbalance.
C) habituation.
D) callous unemotionality.
Answer:
Sociological criminology would be LEAST concerned with which of the following?
A) Personality characteristics of rapists
B) Age characteristics of murderers
C) Gender of victims of aggravated assault
D) Relationship of victim to offender
Answer:
Compared to child molesters, perpetrators of adult sexual assault are
A) timid.
B) impulsive.
C) aggressive.
D) manipulative.
Answer:
If you were a TV producer and wanted an argument to support your position of the
value of violence on television, you would probably rely on which of the following
theoretical positions?
A) Psychoanalytic
B) Social learning
C) Frustration-aggression
D) Behaviorism
Answer:
According to the UCR, all of the following offenses are considered violent crimes
except
A) forcible rape.
B) arson.
C) nonnegligent manslaughter.
D) robbery.
Answer:
Delusional disorders are also called
A) paranoid disorders.
B) psychotic disorders.
C) believe disorders.
D) schizophrenia.
Answer:
Although research in recent years has focused on the psychometric characteristics of
psycho-paths, the most current trend is the investigation of ________ factors involved
in determining psychopathic behavior.
Answer:
The consensus among experts is that ________ responsiveness, nurturance, and warmth
have emerged as critical core determinants of the early parent-child relationship.
Answer:
The principal target of manganese is the ________ system.
Answer:
How has the media affected public perception of mental disorder and violence? Include
information on the history and prevalence of mental disorder and violence.
Answer:
Adult CSOs most frequently use a ________ setting to commit their sexual abuse.
Answer:
Many studies conclude that the majority of those who do reoffend sexually do not
restrict their criminal activities only to sexual offenses, a concept known as ________
criminality.
Answer:
Hostile attribution bias posits that youth and adults prone toward violence are more
likely to interpret ________ actions as hostile and threatening than are their less
aggressive counterparts.
Answer:
Explain the concept of deindividuation and illustrate by describing any one experiment
in social psychology.
Answer:
Most of the recent research on date and acquaintance rape and sexual assault has
concentrated on ________ women.
Answer:
Terrorism today offers a much greater threat of violence to the world than ever before
due to ________.
Answer:
Early learning theorists worked in the laboratory, using ________ as their primary
subjects.
Answer:
According to the revised definition of rape, ________ is presumed, even if the
individual does not resist.
Answer:
The main source of victimization data on crime is the ________.
Answer:
Persistent crack users are often ________ users.
Answer:
Researchers have found evidence that positive ________ models are likely to override
violent models on television.
Answer:
Choose any three crimes covered in this chapter and discuss them from the perspective
of the psychological effects on the victims.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Rape ________ and misogynistic attitudes appear to play a major role in sexual assault
of women.
Answer:
Describe the psychological effects of child sexual victimization.
Answer: