_________________________ are organized around a series of episodes linked to
some person or theme.
a. Event structures
b. Topic associating narratives
c. Heaps
d. Topic centered stories
A child’s phonotactic representations or patterns are also correlated with
______________________.
a. Vocabulary growth
b. Prosodic patterns
c. Infant-directed speech
d. Mental maps
Which temporal terms is one of the first to develop?
a. Since
b. Before
c. Until
d. While
Children produce all types of plural markers more accurately in the
________________________.
a. Final word position
b. Middle of an utterance
c. Final position of an utterance
d. Initial position of an utterance
During the second month, ________________ is/are stimulated by attention and
speech.
a. Cooing
b. Smiling
c. Games
d. Routines
In comparison to the narratives of European American children, the stories of African
American children seem ____________________.
a. More complex
b. More concise
c. More sequentially organized
d. Less focused
_______________________ is concerned with the nature of the incoming auditory
signal.
a. Decoding
b. Phonological processing
c. Selective attention
d. Auditory processing
In which racial/ethnic dialect is omission of final consonants prevalent?
a. African American English
b. Spanish-influenced or Latino English
c. Asian English
__________________ is the aspect of language concerned with the rules governing the
structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.
a. Syntax
b. Semantics
c. Pragmatics
d. Morphology
e. Phonology
By ______________________, a child has usually mastered both the regular and the
irregular past tense in most contexts.
a. 24 months
b. 37 months
c. 46 months
d. 55 months
________________________ include(s) exaggerated physical movement, usually slow
or elongated in rate, and form a select, limited repertoire that is used frequently.
a. Motherese
b. Infant-elicited social behaviors
c. Linguistic variations
d. Noninterruptive speech
At around age ___________, a child begins to combine multiple intentions into a single
utterance.
a. 12 months
b. 18 months
c. 2 years
d. 3 years
The visual cortex becomes more active at _____________.
a. Birth
b. 1 month
c. 2 months
d. 3 months
When a child hears speech sounds over and over, neurons in the auditory system
stimulate connections in the ___________________.
a. Prefrontal cortex
b. Parietal lobe
c. Occipital lobe
d. Temporal lobe
To understand a sentence with _______________________, a child must comprehend
not only the relationship between two events but also their temporal sequence.
a. Because
b. So
c. If
d. Then
Children, adults, and adolescents all use greater syntactic complexity when
___________________________.
a. Speaking in an expository genre
b. Speaking in a conversation
c. Giving a narrative
d. Asking questions
The _________________relays incoming sensory information to the appropriate
portion of the brain for analysis and prepares the brain to receive input.
a. Thalamus
b. Pons
c. Reticular formation
d. Cerebellum
The ____________________separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe.
a. Central sulcus
b. Transverse sulcus
c. Longitudinal fissure
d. Lateral sulcus
The ___________________ debate centers around whether some aspect of
development is an inherent part of being human or whether it occurs because of
learning from the environment.
a. Nature vs. nurture
b. Generative vs. Nativist
c. Interactionalist vs. constructionist
d. Emergentist vs. naturalist
When unaware of an entity label, a child uses a(n) ______________________.
a. Selective imitation
b. Hypothesis-testing utterance
c. Evocative utterance
d. Interrogative utterance
In middle and high SES families in the U.S., the earliest narratives are of which genre?
a. Recounts
b. Eventcasts
c. Accounts
d. Stories
In conversation, women tend to see their role as ________________________.
a. Information providers
b. A competitor
c. Controlling
d. Conversation facilitators
In which racial/ethnic dialect is use of habitual “be” a feature?
a. African American English
b. Spanish-influenced or Latino English
c. Asian English
Form, content, and use comprise the following:
a. Form = syntax, phonology, morphology; Content = semantics; Use = pragmatics
b. Form = syntax and semantics; Content = phonology and morphology; Use =
pragmatics
c. Form = semantics, phonology, morphology; Content = syntax; Use = pragmatics
d. Form = syntax; Content = semantics, morphology, phonology; Use = Pragmatics
The _________________________ system includes cognitive processes involved in
attention, perception, organization, memory, concept formation, problem solving and
transfer, and management or executive function.
a. Orientation
b. Prefrontal processing
c. Information processing
d. Language production
By ________________, an infant can perceive facial differences.
a. Birth
b. 3 months
c. 6 months
d. 9 months
By about age _____________, a child should be able to produce and comprehend both
singular and plural demonstratives (this, that, these, those).
a. 5
b. 7
c. 10
d. 11
While information is held in working memory, incoming information undergoes
linguistic analysis in ______________________.
a. Broca’s area
b. The supramarginal gyrus
c. The angular gyrus
d. Wernicke’s area
Mothers from low SES backgrounds are more likely to use ________________
compared to middle SES North American mothers.
a. Directives
b. Interrogatives
c. Comments
d. Requests
When do children develop the ability to make well-informed specific requests for
clarification?
a. Mid-elementary school
b. Early elementary school
c. Late preschool
d. Early preschool
What are the two typical methods of data collection used in expressive
language-development studies?
What two strategies do infants use in the First Words stage to segregate speech?
What is presupposition?
What are five phonological processes used during the preschool years?
Define the phonological process of reduplication and give an example.
What are three things that cause difficulty in learning deictic terms?
What three functions do IDS adaptations fill?
What is professional jargon?
How are complete episodes and complex episodes different?
What is the difference between protoimperatives and protodeclaratives?
Name at least four features of CDS.
Briefly describe ways nonlinguistic cues can convey information.
In regard to brain structure, describe the terms “local architecture” and “global
architecture.”
Why might it be the case that although children who were part of a cross-language
adoption have comparable language skills at preschool compared to their peers, they
begin to demonstrate language difficulties during school age?
What does a caregiver’s responding teach an infant?
What are two strategies toddlers use for comprehension of the uses of objects?