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Which of the following is a value that must be respected in a democracy by police,
prosecutors, judges, and correctional officials?
a. Rule of law
b. Civil liberties
c. Justice
d. All of these are the values that must be respected
Which of the following statements about the death penalty is true?
a. The offender's race and sex can be considered as factors when deciding whether to
invoke the death sentence.
b. Offenders sentenced to death are not entitled to effective counsel.
c. It is constitutional to exclude jurors who do not believe in the death penalty from
capital cases.
d. It cannot be imposed on an offender who was a juvenile at the time the offense was
committed.
A ____ is an institution intended to punish criminals by isolating them from society and
from one another so they can reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and reform.
a. jail
b. penitentiary
c. reformatory
d. dormitory
Which of the following reflects how the FBI reports crime?
a. UCR
b. NCVS
c. Both UCR and NCVS
d. Neither the UCR or NCVS
Miranda warnings involve the right to counsel and the right to remain silent.
a. True
b. False
Javier was recently tried and convicted of trafficking cocaine across state lines. He was
sentenced to a mandatory 10-year prison sentence. Javier is a citizen of Mexico;
however, he has been living in the United States for the last several years with his wife
and two young children. Javier is serving his sentence in a single cell with little to no
contact throughout the day. The warden seems to believe in old-style punishment.
Javier does not like the fact that the warden likes to keep the inmates separate in order
to intensify their punishment, which is an example of
a. separate confinement.
b. the contract labor system.
c. the congregate system.
d. the jail system.
Which is true concerning intermediate sanctions?
a. Judges use intermediate sanctions that only require a low level of control over the
offender.
b. Judges use intermediate sanctions that only require a high level of control over the
offender.
c. Judges use intermediate sanctions that require no control over the offender.
d. Judges use a range of intermediate sanctions requiring a low level to high level of
control over the offenders.
What popular misconception exists about the appellate process?
a. Numerous criminals are being "let off."
b. Criminal defendants are no longer permitted to appeal.
c. Attorneys participate in the appellate process.
d. The U.S. Supreme Court is considered an appellate court.
According to the figure, why is Georgia considered to have an "unreformed" court
structure?
a. It has neither reduced the number of courts nor standardized their names.
b. It has fewer trial courts of limited jurisdiction than does Alaska.
c. It uses a nonstandard name for the appellate courts.
d. It uses a nonstandard name for the trial courts of general jurisdiction.
Most offenders released on parole begin to adjust quickly to the outside world.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is not a characteristic of practitioners in the criminal justice
system?
a. Discretion
b. Resource dependence
c. Filtering
d. Complete independence of actors
In recent years, the number of goods that a prisoner can obtain through legal channels
has increased in many prisons.
a. True
b. False
Native American tribes are separate, sovereign nations with a significant degree of legal
autonomy within the United States.
a. True
b. False
Which is true about prison managers?
a. They have complete control over when their clients will be released
b. They rely on clients to do much of the institutional maintenance work
c. They select their clients
d. They are given incentive pay for successful inmate
Which of the following types of crime includes homicide, assault, and rape?
a. Visible crime
b. Property crime
c. Organized crime
d. Victimless crime
The advancement of new technologies in police work can be found in
a. body armor.
b. gun-shot detection.
c. airport scanners.
d. all of the above.
Almost one-half of the incarcerated population is comprised of women.
a. True
b. False
Intermediate sanctions are administered by the courts only.
a. True
b. False
Indigent offenders' right to counsel continues through the _______ appeal.
a. first
b. second
c. third
d. fourth
Will is a 15 year-old boy who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has
never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his
friends who made fun of him for being "too good." Will's parents are terrified that his
poor decision making will ruin his future.
Will's truancy violation is an example of a _________ offense.
a. criminal
b. juvenile
c. status
d. delinquent
Prosecutors have great influence at virtually every stage of the criminal justice process.
a. True
b. False
During the discovery process, it is legal for a prosecutor to hide from a defense attorney
any evidence that tends to show that the defendant is innocent.
a. True
b. False
How much greater is the per capita incarceration rate for African Americans as
compared to whites?
a. Twice as great
b. Three times as great
c. Five times as great
d. Seven times as great
Will is a 15 year-old boy who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has
never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his
friends who made fun of him for being "too good." Will's parents are terrified that his
poor decision making will ruin his future.
Will and his family are seeking a(n) _________, where they could avoid the courtroom
altogether.
a. adjudication
b. detention hearing
c. diversion
d. disposition
Which is not a solution to create a united court system?
a. Eliminating overlapping and conflicting jurisdictional boundaries
b. Creating a hierarchical and centralized court structure with a chief justice
c. Having the courts funded by state government
d. Joining both civil and criminal courts together
The community-based model of policing occurred between
a. 1820 and 1840.
b. 1790 and 1820.
c. 1840 and 1920.
d. 1970 and the present.
According to Cole and Smith, deterrence and increasing use of technology is associated
with which goal of the criminal justice system?
a. Doing justice
b. Controlling crime
c. Preventing crime
d. Increasing crime
Ly"ana is an FBI agent who has recently been called to a local police department to
assist in investigating a theft of approximately $50,000. Ly"ana assisted the local
department in solving the particular case and is preparing to go to court when the
prosecutor determines that the defense attorney has offered a plea bargain. The
defendant admits guilt and is willing to serve 18 months in prison.
The offender in the theft case agreed to an 18-month prison sentence. The offender is
part of what percentage of convicted felons in prison/jail for theft?
a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 40%
d. 50%
Which historical era involved close ties between the police and local leaders of
government?
a. The professional era
b. The reform era
c. The political era
d. The community policing era
Most defendants whose charges are not dropped ultimately
a. go to trial.
b. plead guilty.
c. serve long prison sentences.
d. are not guilty by reason insanity.
Deadly force was used in the Edward Garner case .
a. True
b. False
In the past two decades the number of persons in prison has
a. stayed the same.
b. greatly increased.
c. greatly decreased.
d. slightly increased.
There is no "real difference" between jails and prisons.
a. True
b. False
Discuss two factors from your book addressing why women may constitute such a
small percentage of criminal activity in relation to men.
What is cybercrime, and how does it pose challenges to Americans as victims, as well
as law enforcement agencies in detecting it?
Explain the layers of the criminal justice "wedding cake."
When an officer stops a car and it becomes necessary to search, how extensively can the
officer search the vehicle? What are the parameters that the officer must abide by?
How can a good classification system help keep order in prisons?
When judges take on the role of ____________________, they are concerned with how
their courtroom is running.
Drug enforcement falls under the goal of _______ patrol.
____________________ model involves the department paying an officer for off-duty
work.
The ____ Amendment, which deals with due process and equal protection, is not a part
of the Bill of Rights.
When plea bargaining was barred in the felony trial courts, it did not _______.
As criminal justice agencies cope with budget cuts, observers anticipate that there may
be greater reliance on ____ to handle many of the duties previously managed by
professionals.
_________ includes issuing license tabs, window stickers, or courtesy cards that
exempt users from arrest.
____ is the conditional release of the offender into the community, under the
supervision of correctional officials.
Some communities hire _____, who provide counseling and a security presence in
school buildings.
____________________ is a subdivision of a national culture defined by occupation,
ethnicity, class, and residence.
________ theories would attempt to identify people who have traits that make them
prone to crime and then treat or control those people.
A sum of money paid to the state by a convicted person as punishment is called a(n)
____.
Prospective judges receive special training in law school to become professional judges
in an _______________.
