The cycle of violence theory posits that coercive and punitive tactics in parenting
increase the likelihood of later aggressive behavior and potential domestic violence.
Answer:
Like adult crime, juvenile crime overall has increased since the 1990s.
Answer:
Research on IQ and delinquency has not supported the relationship between the two.
Answer:
Research suggests that women almost always commit sex offenses against male
victims.
Answer:
Spousal and child abuse appears to occur primarily in economically disadvantaged
families.
Answer:
Hemisphere asymmetry refers to the observation that most psychopaths have superior
language ability.
Answer:
More individuals are incarcerated in jails and prisons for drug offenses than for any
other offense.
Answer:
Studies conducted by Stanley Milgram and Philip Zimbardo both found that one’s
situation strongly influences behavior.
Answer:
Cyberbullying is not considered a form of cybercrime.
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Bullying is an example of reactive aggression.
Answer:
John B. Watson believed that a rigid scientific approach was crucial to understanding
human behavior.
Answer:
The psychological distance between what people perceive they have now and what they
feel they can realistically attain is referred to as relative deprivation.
Answer:
A relatively new phenomenon in which students send via email harmful, threatening, or
cruel text to another students is specifically called internet fraud.
Answer:
Cocaine is an opiate narcotic.
Answer:
In the United States, the victims of homicide are mostly male.
Answer:
Lead exposure and maternal malnutrition are examples of environmental hazards.
Answer:
Cocaine use has been steadily increasing since 2009.
Answer:
Recent research has found that brain stimulation after age five has little impact on
growth and development.
Answer:
Juveniles as a group are responsible for a small percentage of arrests compared with
adults, although they are arrested disproportionately compared with other age groups.
Answer:
ADHD is currently the leading psychological diagnosis for American children.
Answer:
Parental alcoholism and depression elevate a child’s risk of engaging in antisocial
behavior.
Answer:
Some research suggests that psychopathy and bipolar disorder are on the same spectrum
of disorders.
Answer:
There has been an overabundance of research directed at mass murderers.
Answer:
Pedophilia is a clinical condition that is not necessarily accompanied by action.
Answer:
According to the text, juveniles who occasionally sell drugs to friends frequently
become involved in serious delinquency.
Answer:
Compared to children from higher socioeconomic status, children from lower
socioeconomic status are more likely to be represented in crime statistics.
Answer:
All violent behavior is aggressive behavior.
Answer:
MPD is synonymous with dissociative identity disorder.
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Infanticide refers to the killing of an infant.
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Both criminal and prisoner hostage-taking situations are instrumental in nature.
Answer:
The cause of ADHD is unknown.
Answer:
2013 UCR data indicate that the most frequently occurring Part I crime was murder.
Answer:
Rape is widely believed to be the most underreported crime.
Answer:
JSOs who sexually victimize peers or adults are more likely to have a more extensive
criminal history compared to JSOs who victimize children.
Answer:
Studies of homicide have shown that murderers rarely know their victims.
Answer:
Research indicates that the recidivism rate associated with psychopaths is very high.
Answer:
The tendency of a variety of people across the country to model or copy particular
criminal activity portrayed by the entertainment media is called
A) contagion effect.
B) copy-cat syndrome.
C) escalation.
D) circular imagining.
Answer:
CSOs tend to be ________ and rapists tend to be ________.
A) generalists; specialists
B) male; female
C) specialists; generalists
D) female; male
Answer:
The term reconstructive psychological evaluation is synonymous with
A) criminal profiling.
B) identity assessment.
C) psychological autopsy.
D) postmortem profiling.
Answer:
The research shows that violent people
A) fantasize more than nonviolent people.
B) exhibit the violence triad more frequently than nonviolent people.
C) often have a history of mental disorder.
D) usually have a history of violence.
Answer:
Which statement reflects the basic premise of strain theory?
A) Crime occurs when there is a discrepancy between the materialistic values and goals
cherished in our society and the availability of legitimate means for reaching these
goals.
B) Crime occurs when a society’s values are too materialistic.
C) Crime occurs when society places too much value and emphasis on doing the right
thing for the highest number of individuals.
D) Crime occurs when one’s level of stress outweighs one’s coping mechanisms.
Answer:
The primary psychopath is also known as a
A) neurotic.
B) violent criminal.
C) submissive.
D) true psychopath.
Answer:
Persistent, youthful firesetters tend to exhibit all of the following except
A) hyperactivity.
B) impulsiveness.
C) cruelty to animals
D) violence outside of firesetting.
Answer:
Refusal by hostages to do what captors expect during a hostage situation is called
A) Stockholm syndrome.
B) Markov syndrome.
C) Paris syndrome.
D) London syndrome.
Answer:
Males are more likely than female to perpetrate which act of family violence?
A) Munchausen Syndrome by proxy
B) Neonaticide
C) Elderly abuse
D) Abusive head trauma
Answer:
Which terrorist is an example of a lone wolf terrorist?
A) Theodore Kaczynski
B) Vladimir Putin
C) ISIS
D) Osama bin Laden
Answer:
A sibling killing a sister is called
A) matricide.
B) particide.
C) parricide.
D) sororicide.
Answer:
Which statement is consistent with the research on language impairment and antisocial
behavior?
A) Poor language development during the second year of life is a significant predictor
of adult criminal behavior.
B) Poor language development increases the risk of antisocial behavior in girls only.
C) can lead to peer rejection and poor academic performance.
D) Poor language development typically begins in adolescence and results in lifelong
patterns of antisocial behavior.
Answer:
The process whereby people lose their identities and feel less responsible in a crowd is
called
A) deindividuation.
B) mob reaction.
C) reciprocation.
D) crowd masking.
Answer:
Parents’ awareness of their child’s peer associations, free time activities, and physical
whereabouts when outside the home is known as parental
A) participation.
B) mindfulness.
C) neurosis.
D) monitoring.
Answer:
Groth identifies two major types of pedophiles. They are
A) sex pressure and sex force offenders.
B) heterosexual and homosexual offenders.
C) discreet and indiscreet.
D) aggressive and nonaggressive offenders.
Answer:
Recent research on child sexual assault indicates all of the following except
A) sexual abuse in childhood produces long-term psychological problems in many
children.
B) heterosexual pedophilia is more common than homosexual pedophilia.
C) female offenders are almost never involved in child molestation cases.
D) the average age of convicted pedophiles ranges between 36 and 40.
Answer:
The phenomenon that occurs when the mere presence of a gun or other weapon
stimulates violence is called
A) confirmation bias.
B) stimulus provocation.
C) weapons effect.
D) iatrogenic focus.
Answer:
Which group has a rate of criminal homicide that significantly exceeds its numbers in
the general population, both as offenders and victims?
A) Native Americans
B) British Americans
C) Asian Americans
D) African Americans
Answer:
Two strong indicators of temperament are
A) language and eating patterns.
B) eye contact and intelligence.
C) extraversion and introversion.
D) emotionality and activity.
Answer:
Which type of rapist commits sexual assault in response to an intense sexual arousal
initiated by specific stimuli?
A) Compensatory rapist
B) Sadistic rapist
C) Impulsive rapist
D) Displaced aggression
Answer:
Early onset persistent antisocial behavior seems influenced by ________ factors, while
late onset offending is influenced by ________ factors.
A) biological; social
B) social; biological
C) risk; protective
D) protective; risk
Answer:
When a person lacks motivation to act after exposure to unpleasant events over which
he feels he has not control, he is probably experiencing
A) learned helplessness.
B) learned aversion.
C) proactive depression.
D) nuchal rigidity.
Answer:
Under the MTC classification, the sex offender most likely to kill his victims would be
the
A) fixated.
B) regressed.
C) exploitative.
D) aggressive.
Answer:
Which of the following factors play a prominent role ins specific risk failure?
A) Attractiveness
B) Alcohol
C) Age
D) Attitude
Answer:
Doris Hall (1998) reports that the experience of being stalked for an extended period of
time is akin to
A) mind-game playing.
B) bullying.
C) rape.
D) psychological terrorism.
Answer:
Research suggests that men convicted of rape
A) show high and nearly equal sexual arousal to portrayals of both violent,
nonconsenting sexual acts and nonviolent, consenting sexual acts.
B) were more sexually aroused toward attractive victims than nonattractive victims.
C) felt they had little control over their sexual impulses.
D) have a very limited ability to fantasize.
Answer:
Which term is central to the dual-process model?
A) Temperament
B) Hypothalamus.
C) Empathy
D) Learning
Answer:
In which type of crime scene is there evidence that the offender used planning and
premeditation?
A) Reconstructive crime scene
B) Spontaneous crime scene
C) Mixed crime scene
D) Organized crime scene
Answer:
All of the following are examples of frustration-induced aggression except
A) the 2015 protests in Ferguson, Missouri.
B) the 2014 demonstrations in Baltimore Maryland.
C) the 1993 riots in Los Angeles, California.
D) the 2011 occupy Wall Street movement.
Answer:
In the MTC:R3, the primary motivations are sometimes subdivided according to
A) social competence.
B) secondary motivations.
C) history of offending.
D) responsivity to treatment.
Answer:
LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, marijuana, and hashish are classified as
A) stimulants.
B) opiate narcotics.
C) sedative-hypnotics.
D) hallucinogens.
Answer:
Which of the following is central to the cumulative risk model?
A) Socioeconomic status
B) The past criminal behavior of the primary caregiver
C) Family size
D) The number of risk factors
Answer:
Where do most abductions of elementary school children occur?
A) On school property
B) At a playground
C) In a shopping mall
D) Near the child’s home
Answer:
Which of the following is not one of the three kinds of maltreatment that comprises
emotional abuse?
A) Spanking or slapping
B) Close confinement
C) Verbal assault
D) Withholding food
Answer:
Why is it so difficult to gather complete data on the national incidence of juvenile
delinquency?
Answer:
Discuss the relationship between birth/pregnancy complications, psychosocial
environment and antisocial behavior.
Answer:
Sex offenders often discover their interest in young children during ________ and
remain attracted to them into adulthood.
Answer:
Some people who cyberstalk or cyberbully may be more inclined to act in a deviant
manner because of the ________ that the Internet provides.
Answer:
It is usually difficult to evaluate properly the effectiveness of programs designed to treat
criminal psychopaths because of their ability to ________ the system.
Answer:
Acting without thinking, sometimes referred to as ________, is also believed to be
closely associated with deficits in executive function.
Answer:
From the research on the PCL, it has become clear that psychopathy is ________ in
nature.
Answer:
Compare and contrast abusive head trauma and Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy as
specific forms of child abuse.
Answer:
Significant ________ problems appear to be the most prominent learning problems
among juvenile murderers.
Answer:
Compare and contrast Moffitt’s Developmental Theory with Patterson’s Coercion
Theory.
Answer:
Discrimination, racism, unsafe living conditions, and poor nutrition or examples of
poverty ________.
Answer:
Most of the research and theoretical work examining the effects of peer rejection,
aggression, and delinquent behavior has focused on ________.
Answer:
The homicide victimization rate for blacks is ________ times higher than for whites.
Answer:
Truancy and running away are examples of ________ offenses.
Answer:
According to the tripartite conceptual model, ________ compulsive crime refers to
criminal behavior that supports an expensive drug addiction.
Answer:
In recent years, the term sexual assault has often been preferred to the term ________ in
both research and law.
Answer:
When classical conditioning is applied to people, it suggests that they can ________ if
they have been rewarded or punished for behavior.
Answer:
Most of the crimes discussed in the chapter are treated as ________ crimes in official
statistics.
Answer:
The use of ________ in the form of private and self-directed speech helps children
develop and maintain self-control and self-regulation.
Answer: