True/False
1.Lowincidencedisabilitiesaccountforapproximately22%,oroneoutofeveryfivestudentswhoreceivesspecial
educationservices.​
a.True
b.False
2.AccordingtoIDEA’sdefinitionofdeafness,thereisnothingtopreventindividualswhoaredeaffromunderstanding
speech.
a.True
b.False
3.IDEAdefinesvisualimpairments,includingblindness,asimpairmentsinvisionthat,evenwithcorrection,havea
negativeeffectuponastudent’seducationalperformance.​
a.True
b.False
4.Visionlossoftenresultsinlowerintellectualabilitybecauseofthelimitedopportunitytoacquireinformationvisually.​
a.True
b.False
5.Ineffectiveorpoorparentinghasbeenproventobeacontributingfactorinthecauseofautismspectrumdisorders.​
a.True
b.False
6.Studentswhohavephysicaldisabilities,healthdisabilities,ortraumaticbraininjurycompriseoneofthemost
homogeneouscategoriesofstudentsinspecialeducationbecauseoftheintensityandsimilarityofneedsamong
studentsincludedinthiscategory.​
a.True
b.False
7.Whenanindividualhasmusculardystrophyonlytheirmusclesaredeteriorating,nottheirmind.​
a.True
b.False
8.ChildrenbornwiththeHIVvirusmayalsohavedevelopmentaldelays,andalthoughmedicationcanslowtheeffects
ontheimmunesystem,thediseaseisconsideredterminalinmostcases.
a.True
b.False
9.Teachersneedtoknowtheetiologyofalearner’svisiondifficultyinordertodeterminethefunctionalresultsofthe
impairmentandtoappropriatelyadapttheclassroomsetting.​
a.True
b.False
10.TheriskforAutismSpectrumDisordersisfourtimeshigherformalesthanforfemales.​
a.True
b.False
MultipleChoice
11.Ahearingimpairmentaffectsallofthefollowing,EXCEPT:
a.​speechandlanguage.
b.academicperformance.​
c.attainmentofappropriatesocialskills.​
d.finemotorskills.​
12.ThemajorityoftheDeafcommunity:​
a.​eagerlyawaitacuresothattheywillbeabletohear.
b.​regardthetermhearingimpairedasoffensivebecauseitimpliesthatsomethingiswrongorinneedofrepair.
c.​regardthetermdeafasoffensive,becausetheyviewthemselvesasapartofmainstreamAmericanculture.
d.​regardIDEA’sdefinitionofdeafnessasanaccuratereflectionofthedeafcommunity’svalues.
13.Hearinglossisclassifiedbyallofthefollowing,EXCEPT:
a.​conductive.
b.sensorineural.​
c.mildtoprofound.​
d.degreeofauditoryblockage.​
14.Inoverhalfofthecasesofhearinglossinchildren,thecauseis:​
a.​unknown.
b.duetogeneticorhereditaryfactors.​
c.​duetoinfections.
d.​duetootitismedia.
15.​Studentswithhearingimpairmentstypicallyexperiencechallengesinacademicachievement:
a.​becausedeafnesslimitscognitiveabilities.
b.​becausetheytendtohavelowerIQsonaveragethantheirhearingpeers.
c.​andperformthreetofiveyearsbelowtheirage-appropriategradelevel.
d.​particularlyintheareaofreading.
16.Manyindividualswhoaredeafand/orhearingimpairedmayhaveastrongpreferenceforsocializingwithother
membersofthedeafcommunitybecause:​
a.​theyarerarelyallowedininclusiveclassrooms.
b.lowachievingstudentstendtohangouttogether.​
c.theyoftenencounterdifficultiesindevelopingfriendshipsandothersocialinteractions.​
d.everyonemakesfunofthem.​
17.​Aconductivehearinglossis:
a.theresultofaproblemwiththeauditorynervethattransmitsimpulsestothebrain.
b.causedbydisordersofthecochlea.​
c.causedbyablockageorbarriertothetransmissionofsound.​
d.usuallybothalossofhearingsensitivityaswellasdistortionandlackofclarityinsounds.​
18.Asensorineuralhearingloss:​
a.​causedbydisordersoftheinnerearortheauditorynerve.
b.​involvesproblemswiththeouterormiddleear.
c.​resultswhensoundsarenottransmittednormally.
d.​iscausedbyablockageorbarriertothetransmissionofsound.
19.The_________________ofaparticularsoundisameasureoftherateatwhichthesoundsourcevibratesandis
measuredinhertz.​
a.​decibellevel
b.​force
c.​distortion
d.​frequency
20.Individualsaretypicallyclassifiedasdeafiftheirhearinglossexceeds:​
a.​45dB.
b.70dB.​
c.30dB.​
d.60dB.​
21.Individualswhoareblind:​
a.​oftenhavetodependonothersforeverythingtheyneedintheirlives.
b.​areoftenquitecapableofleadingindependentandsuccessfullives.
c.​rarelyencounterthestigmaandstereotypicalviewsassociatedwithbeingblindbythosewithoutvisual
impairments.
d.​inmostcasesrequireextensiveaccommodationsintheireverydayworld.
22.Astudentwhosevisualimpairmentinterfereswiththeirabilitytoperformdailyactivitiesandwhosemainchannelof
learningisthroughvisualmeanswiththeuseofassistivedevicesisconsidered:​
a.​blind.
b.​tohavelowvision.
c.​functionallyblind.
d.​legallyblind.
23.Visualimpairmentscanbetheresultofallofthefollowing,EXCEPT:
a.​defectsoftheocularmuscle.
b.refractiveerrors.​
c.rubella.​
d.retinitispigmentosa.
24.Allofthefollowingstatementsregardingvisionlossaretrue,EXCEPT:
a.​visionlossoftenhasanadverseimpactontheacquisitionofsocialskills.
b.​stereotypicbehaviorscanattractnegativeattention.
c.​mobilityskillsvaryagreatdealamongpersonswithvisualimpairments.
d.​orientationandmobilityservicesarecurrentlynotincludedintheIDEAdefinitionofrelatedservices.
25.Studentsreceivingspecialeducationservicesbecauseofavisualimpairmentinthe2011–2012schoolyear
represented______percentofallpupilswithdisabilities.​
a.​0.2
b.​0.3
c.0.4​
d.0.8​
26.Theintellectualabilitiesofchildrenandadolescentswithvisualimpairmentsare,inmostinstances:​
a.​aboveaverage.
b.similartothoseoftheirsightedpeers.​
c.directlyrelatedtothedegreeofvisualimpairment.​
d.considerablybelowthoseoftheirsightedpeers.​
27.​Studentsareconsideredfunctionallyblind:
a.​wheneverBrailleisusedasthepreferredliteracychannel.
b.​whentheprimarychanneloflearningisthroughvisualmeanswiththeuseofprescriptionandnonprescription
devices.
c.​whentheyarecompletelywithoutsight.
d.​whentheyuselimitedvisiontoobtaininformationabouttheenvironment,buttheirprimarychanneloflearning
isthroughtactileorauditorymeans.
28.Alossofvisionorvisualimpairmentcanhaveanegativeimpactonallofthefollowing,EXCEPT:
a.​acquisitionofsocialskills.
b.developmentofspeech.​
c.​self-esteem.
d.​academicachievement.
29.Orientationmeansallofthefollowing,EXCEPT:
a.​knowingwhereyouaregoing.
b.​understandinghowtogettoanintendeddestination.
c.​beingawareofwhereyouare.
d.​beingphysicallyabletomovefromplacetoplace.
30.IndividualswithAsperger’ssyndromedifferfromthosewithautismonthebasisoftheir:​
a.​socializationdeficits.
b.physicalappearance.​
c.languageskillsandcognitiveabilities.​
d.repetitiveandrestrictivebehaviors.​
31.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamisconceptionaboutpersonswithautismspectrumdisorder(ASD)?​
a.​Theyhavespecialmathematicalabilitiesthatallowthemtodothingslikememorizeallthenumbersinaphone
book.
b.​Ifsomeonecanbreakthoughaperson’sautisticisolation,theywillfindageniusinside.
c.​Self-injuriousandaggressivebehaviorsarecharacteristicofindividualswithautism.
d.​EventhemostseverelyimpairedindividualswithASDareoftenabletodemonstrateandacceptaffectionfrom
thesignificantpeopleintheirlives.
32.​Autismspectrumdisorder(ASD):
a.hasremainedconstantforthepastdecadeintermsofnumbersidentified.
b.​hasacomplexetiologyinvolvingneurological,genetic,andenvironmentalfactors.
c.​accountsfor7.30percentofallstudentswithdisabilities.
d.​hasbeenproventobecausedbyvaccinations.
33.Whileitisdifficulttomakegeneralizationsaboutindividualswithautismspectrumdisorder(ASD),allofthefollowing
aredefiningcharacteristicstypicalofstudentswithASD,EXCEPT:​
a.​aboveaverageIQ.
b.impairedsocialinteraction.​
c.impairedsocialskills.​
d.repetitiveandrestrictivebehaviors.​
34.ResearchershaveidentifiedallofthefollowingaspossiblecausesofAutismSpectrumDisorders,EXCEPT:
a.​abnormalitiesinbraindevelopment.
b.ineffectiveparenting.​
c.geneticfactors.​
d.neurochemicalfunctioning.​
35.Studentswithphysicaldisabilitiesmayqualifyforspecialeducationservicesunderwhichthreepossiblecategories?​
a.​Orthopedicimpairments,autism,multipledisabilities
b.​Orthopedicimpairments,traumaticbraininjury,visualimpairments
c.​Orthopedicimpairments,multipledisabilities,traumaticbraininjury
d.​Orthopedicimpairments,multipledisabilities,visualimpairments
36.​___________cerebralpalsyischaracterizedbypoorbalanceandequilibrium,aswellasuncoordinatedinvoluntary
movements.
a.​Spastic
b.Athetoid​
c.Ataxic​
d.Hemiplegic​
37.Mostheadinjuries:​
a.​aremild,butmaycreatechallengesthatimpactlearningsuchasdistractibility,andmemoryproblems.
b.resultinneurologicalabnormalities.​
c.​aremild,buttypicallyrequirehospitalstaysandrehabilitationservices.
d.​resultindisabilitiesthatpermanentlyaffectmotorandhigher-levelcognitiveskill.
38.Aconvulsiveseizureinwhichapersonlosesconsciousnessandbecomesverystiff,followedbyajerkingmotionis
calleda(n):​
a.​absenceseizure.
b.complexpartialseizure.​
c.tonic-clonicseizure.​
d.totalseizure.​
39.WhichofthefollowingwouldqualifyasaninfectiousdiseaseunderIDEA’sotherhealthcategory?​
a.​Diabetes
b.Tuberculosis​
c.Rheumatoidarthritis​
d.Cancer​
40.Thehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus(HIV)canbetransmittedinallofthefollowingways,EXCEPT:
a.​drinkingfromthesamecup.
b.havingsexwithaninfectedpartner.​
c.sharingcontaminatedneedlesduringdruguse.​
d.passingontheinfectionfrommothertoinfant.​
41.Physicalandhealthdisabilitiessuchasmusculardystrophy,sicklecellanemia,andcysticfibrosisarebelievedtobe
theresultof:​
a.​congenitalinfections.
b.​prematurity.
c.​geneticdefects.
d.​complicationsfrompregnancy.
42.Thelearningandpsychosocialcharacteristicsofstudentswhohavehadatraumaticbraininjury(TBI)varywidely
becauseofallthefollowingfactors,EXCEPT:
a.​genderofthestudent.
b.ageofthestudent.​
c.severityandlocationoftheinjury.​
d.​thetimeelapsedsincetheinjury.
SubjectiveShortAnswer
43.Howmightthevariousdegreesofhearinglossimpactachildinthepsychosocialrealmaswellasintheareaof
academicachievement?​
44.Whichcausesofhearinglossarepreventable?​
45.Describethethreecategorieswhicharetypicallyusedtoclassifystudentswithvisualimpairments.​
46.Compareandcontrastthelearningandbehavioralcharacteristicsofstudentswithvisualimpairmentstothosewith
hearingimpairments.​
47.HowdoesIDEA’sdefinitionofautismdifferfromtheAmericanPsychiatricAssociation’s(APA)definition?​
48.Inwhatwayscanthetypeofdisability,functionaleffects,andpsychosocialandenvironmentalfactorsimpactthe
schoolperformanceofastudentwithaphysicalorhealthdisability?​
Essay
49.Whatcommonalitiesdostudentswithlowincidencedisabilitiesshareandwhatmajordifferencesdothepresent?​
50.DescribethethreedefiningcharacteristicstypicaloflearnerswithASD,andexplainhowthesecharacteristicsdiffer
acrossthefiverelatedchildhooddisorders(autism,Rett’sdisorder,childhooddisintegrativedisorder,Asperger
syndrome,andpervasivedevelopmentaldisordernototherwisespecified)generallyreferredtoasautismspectrum
disorders.​