1.Theinterchangeofideas,opinions,orfactsbetweensendersandreceiversisreferredtoas
a.communication. b.talking.
c.speech. d.language.
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.6.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusefoundational
knowledgeofthefieldandtheirprofessionalEthicalPrinciplesandPracticeStandards
toinformspecialeducationpractice,toengageinlifelonglearning,andtoadvancetheir
profession.
NOTES: Communicationisarelational,nonlinear,transactionalprocessbetweenasenderanda
receiverofamessage.Thismessagemaybeanexchangeofideas,opinions,facts,or
simplysocialetiquetteconventionsbetweensendersandreceivers.Itrequiresthata
sender(anindividualorgroup)composeandtransmitamessageandthatareceiver
decodeandunderstandthemessage.
2.Thephysicalproductionofsoundsthatformwordsandexpresseslanguageis
a.morphology. b.speech.
c.communication. d.interaction.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Understanding
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.6.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusefoundational
knowledgeofthefieldandtheirprofessionalEthicalPrinciplesandPracticeStandards
toinformspecialeducationpractice,toengageinlifelonglearning,andtoadvancetheir
profession.
NOTES: Althoughrelated,speechandlanguagearenotthesamething.Speechistheaudible
representationoflanguage.
3._____involvestherulesgoverningsentencestructure.
a.Morphology b.Syntax
c.Phonology d.Pragmatics
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.2.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalscreatesafe,
NOTES: Syntaxinvolvestherulesgoverningsentencestructure,thewaysequencesofwordsare
4._____isconcernedwiththeformandinternalstructureofwords(e.g.,pasttenseorsingularform).
a.Morphology b.Syntax
c.Semantics d.Pragmatics
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.7.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalscollaboratewith
familiesandothereducators,relatedservicesproviders,individualswithexceptionalities,
andpersonnelfromcommunityagenciesinculturallyresponsivewaystoaddressthe
needsofindividualswithexceptionalitiesacrossarangeoflearningexperiences.
NOTES: Morphologyisconcernedwiththeformandinternalstructureofwords,thatis,the
transformationsofwordsintermsofsuchareasastenseandnumber–likepresentto
pasttense,singulartoplural.
5._____isconcernedwiththeuseoflanguageinsocialsituations.
a.Syntax b.Phonology
c.Semantics d.Pragmatics
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
6.Ataboutfourtosixmonthsofagebabiesbegintodowhichofthefollowing?
a.Echoallsounds b.Saytheirfirstwords
c.Showpleasurethroughcooing d.Babble
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Babiesbegintobabbleatabout4to6monthsofage,whichinvolvesmakingsome
7.Whichfactorprobablycontributesmostsignificantlytoayoungchild’searlylanguagedevelopment?
a.Thenumberofplaythingsavailable b.Positivereinforcementfromtheparents
c.Thegenderoftheoldestsiblinginthehome d.Thevarietyofplaythingsavailable
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Theinteractionsbetweenbabiesandtheirparentscandomuchtoenhancetheir
developinglanguageatthistime.Parentsoftenprovideagreatdealofreinforcementfor
wordapproximations,likepraiseinexcitedtones,orhugs.
8.Betweennineandfourteenmonths,muchofababy’sproductionofwordsinvolves
a.babbling. b.crying.
c.nonsensesounds. d.echoingormimicresponses.
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Althoughthetimingofababy’sactualfirstwordproductionisopentointerpretation,it
usuallyhappensbetween9and14months.Thesewordsofteninvolveechoing
(repeatingwhathasbeenheard)ormimicresponsesbasedonverbalizationsbythose
aroundhimorher.
9.Ataboutwhatagedoesachildbegintousereasonablyaccuratesyntaxusingsubject-verb-object?
a.Eighteentotwenty-fourmonths b.Twelvetoseventeenmonths
c.Ninetoelevenmonths d.Sixtoeightmonths
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Stringsoftwoandthreewordsthatresemblesentencestypicallybeginbetween18and
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
10.Ataboutwhatagedomostchildren,whoaredevelopingnormallyinlanguage,useallbasicsyntacticalstructures?
a.Onetotwoyears b.Twotothreeyears
c.Threetofouryears d.Fourtofiveyears
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Mostchildrenwithnormallydevelopinglanguageareabletouseallthebasicsyntactical
structuresby3to4yearsofage.
11.Adeficitincommunicationability,inwhichapersonspeakslikesomeonemuchyounger,isknownas
a.delayedspeech. b.communicationregression.
c.negativisminspeechdevelopment. d.afluencydisorder.
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Delayedspeechreferstoadeficitincommunicationabilitywhereapersonspeakslike
someonewhoismuchyounger.
12.Delayedspeechmaybeassociatedwithwhichofthefollowing?​
a.​RegressedgrowthoftheVermis b.​Developmentalinconsistency,physicaltype
c.​GonadalDysplasia d.​HearingImpairment
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
13._____disordersincludeproblemsinverbalproductionwhile_____disordersrepresentdifficultiesinformulatingand
usingcommunicationsystems.​
a.​Speech;language b.​Language;speech
c.​Speech;developmental d.​Developmental;language
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Analyzing
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
14.Ateachernoticesthatwhendirectionsaregiveninclassaparticularstudentdoesnotfollowinstructionsandwatches
theotherstudentstoseewhattheyaredoingbeforebeginningatask.Thisstudentmaybeexperiencingwhattypeof
problem?
a.Aphasia b.ReceptiveLanguageDisorder
c.ExpressiveLanguageDisorder d.Stubbornnessandcheating
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.03-Describelanguagedisorders,theirprevalence,causation,
identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
15.Sonahasdifficultycomprehendingwhatothersaresaying.Sonahasa(n)
a.receptivedisorder. b.speechdisorder.
c.expressivedisorder. d.articulationdisorder.
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.03-Describelanguagedisorders,theirprevalence,causation,
identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
16.Studentswhohavedifficultywithlanguageproductionmaybeexperiencingwhattypeofdisorder?
a.ReceptiveLanguageDisorder b.ExpressiveLanguageDisorder
c.ArticulationDisorder d.VoiceDisorder
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.03-Describelanguagedisorders,theirprevalence,causation,
identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Thosewithexpressivelanguagedisordersmayhavelimitedvocabulariesandusethe
samearrayofwordsregardlessofthesituation.
17.Clutteringisclassifiedasa(n)_____disorder.
a.articulation b.stuttering
c.fluency d.delayedspeech
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.05-Describechildonsetfluencydisorder,itsprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Somepeoplehaveafluencydisorderknownasclutteredspeech,orcluttering,whichis
characterizedbyspeechthatisoverlyrapid,disorganized,andoccasionallyfilledwith
unnecessarywords.
18.A(n)_____disorderischaracterizedbyrepeatedinterruptions,hesitations,orrepetitionsthatseriouslyinterruptthe
flowofconversation.
a.articulation b.stuttering
c.Childonsetfluency d.voice
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.05-Describechildonsetfluencydisorder,itsprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Afluencydisorderischaracterizedbyrepeatedinterruptions,hesitations,orrepetitions
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
19.Treatmentapproachesforpeoplewhostutterhaveincreasinglyfocusedon
a.counseling. b.biofeedback.
c.relaxation. d.directbehavioraltherapy.
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.05-Describechildonsetfluencydisorder,itsprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.5.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsselect,adapt,and
usearepertoireofevidence-basedinstructionalstrategiestoadvancelearningof
individualswithexceptionalities.
NOTES: Treatmentapproachesforstutteringhaveincreasinglyfocusedondirectbehavioral
therapythatattemptstoteachindividualswhostuttertousefluentspeechpatterns.
20.Sustaineddifficultiesinusingverbalandnonverbalcommunicationasrelatedtosocialpurposesofcommunication
withothersisknownas
a.fluencydisorder.
b.social(pragmatic)communicationdisorder.
c.malocclusion.
d.resonancedisorder.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.06-Describesocial(pragmatic)communicationdisorder,its
prevalence,causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
21.Individualswhoexperiencepersistentchallengesinspeechsoundproductioninthatthosedifficultiesinterferewith
intelligibilityofspeechhave
a.afluencydisorder. b.Aphasia.
c.clutteringproblems. d.aspeechsounddisorder.
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.04-Describespeechsounddisorder,itsprevalence,causation,
identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
NOTES: Articulationdisordersrefertoabnormalitiesinthespeech-soundproductionprocess
22.Functionalarticulationproblemsarelikelycausedby
a.cleftpalates. b.environmentalorpsychologicalinfluences.
c.abnormallarynxstructures. d.inuterodevelopmentproblems.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.05-Describechildonsetfluencydisorder,itsprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.4.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusemultiple
methodsofassessmentanddatasourcesinmakingeducationaldecisions.
NOTES: Functionalarticulationdisordersarenotduetostructuralphysiologicaldefect,butrather
arelikelytohaveresultedfromenvironmentalorpsychologicalinfluences.
23.Anoralmalformationinwhichareduceddivisionofthenasalandmouthcavitiesoccursisknownasa(n)
a.cleftpalate. b.absentlarynx.
c.overbite. d.jawmisalignment.
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.04-Describespeechsounddisorder,itsprevalence,causation,
identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.4.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusemultiple
methodsofassessmentanddatasourcesinmakingeducationaldecisions.
NOTES: Thereisareduceddivisionofthenasalandmouthcavitieswithacleftpalate,which
influencesthemovementofairsoimportanttoarticulationperformance.
24.Whenthepitch,loudness,andqualityofaperson’sspeechinterferewiththelistener’sattentiontothemessage,the
speakermaybeexperiencinga(n)
a.articulationdisorder. b.voiceandresonancedisorder.
c.fluencydisorder. d.speechdisorder.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Analyzing
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.07-Describevoiceandresonancedisorders,theirprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.4.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusemultiple
methodsofassessmentanddatasourcesinmakingeducationaldecisions.
NOTES: Voicedisordersinvolvecharacteristicsthatarehabituallyandsufficientlydifferentsuch
thattheyarenoticeableandmaydivertalistener’sattentionfromthecontentofa
message.
25.Speech,language,andcommunicationareallwordsthathavethesamemeaning.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
UnitedStates-CEC.2.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalscreatesafe,
inclusive,culturallyresponsivelearningenvironmentssothatindividualswith
exceptionalitiesbecomeactiveandeffectivelearnersanddevelopemotionalwell-being,
positivesocialinteractions,andself-determination.
26.Thedevelopmentoflanguageisasimpleprocesswithlittlevariabilityorabnormality.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.02-Describetheprimarycomponentsoftypicalcommunication
development.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
UnitedStates-CEC.7.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalscollaboratewith
familiesandothereducators,relatedservicesproviders,individualswithexceptionalities,
andpersonnelfromcommunityagenciesinculturallyresponsivewaystoaddressthe
needsofindividualswithexceptionalitiesacrossarangeoflearningexperiences.
27.Aphasiamaybecausedbyastrokeoranaccident.
a.True
b.False
a.True
28.Theemotional-problemtheoryofstutteringiswell-documentedandbackedbyextensiveresearch.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.03-Describelanguagedisorders,theirprevalence,causation,
identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.6.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusefoundational
knowledgeofthefieldandtheirprofessionalEthicalPrinciplesandPracticeStandards
toinformspecialeducationpractice,toengageinlifelonglearning,andtoadvancetheir
profession.
29.Childrenwithdelayedspeechusuallyhavemanyarticulationerrorsintheirspeakingpatterns.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Understanding
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.03-Describelanguagedisorders,theirprevalence,causation,
identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.4.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusemultiple
methodsofassessmentanddatasourcesinmakingeducationaldecisions.
30.Articulationdisordersarecharacterizedbyomissions,substitutions,additions,ordistortionsofcertainsounds.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.05-Describechildonsetfluencydisorder,itsprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
knowledgeofthefieldandtheirprofessionalEthicalPrinciplesandPracticeStandards
toinformspecialeducationpractice,toengageinlifelonglearning,andtoadvancetheir
profession.
31.Malocclusionisanabnormalmeshingoftheteethintheupperandlowerjaw.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Understanding
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.05-Describechildonsetfluencydisorder,itsprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.1.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsunderstandhow
exceptionalitiesmayinteractwithdevelopmentandlearningandusethisknowledgeto
providemeaningfulandchallenginglearningexperiencesforindividualswith
exceptionalities.
UnitedStates-CEC.6.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsusefoundational
knowledgeofthefieldandtheirprofessionalEthicalPrinciplesandPracticeStandards
toinformspecialeducationpractice,toengageinlifelonglearning,andtoadvancetheir
profession.
32.Thetreatmentforfunctionalarticulationdisordersissimilartothetreatmentforstructuralarticulationdisorders.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Applying
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.05-Describechildonsetfluencydisorder,itsprevalence,
causation,identification,andrelatedinterventions.
NATIONALSTANDARDS: UnitedStates-CEC.5.0-Beginningspecialeducationprofessionalsselect,adapt,and
usearepertoireofevidence-basedinstructionalstrategiestoadvancelearningof
individualswithexceptionalities.
33.Individualswithvoicedisordersmayexhibitadeviationinpitch,loudness,orquality.
a.True
b.False
a.True
b.False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: Bloom’s:Remembering
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:HESC.HARD.17.10.07-Describevoiceandresonancedisorders,theirprevalence,