1. Schoolchildren, particularly at the secondary level, experience a number of pressures and problems that may lead to
the use of drugs, drinking, delinquency, teenage pregnancy, and possibly suicide. Educators have debated how much
responsibility schools should assume in addressing these issues. Discuss what schools should do about these
problems. Give the rationale for schools taking the responsibility that you describe.
ANSWER: Answers may include a range of responses to the problems, from limited school
response to broad-based programs in the schools. Programs could focus on changes in
the curriculum, instructional approaches, and teachers’ attitudes and behaviors. Various
counseling services or clinics could be established. Students should provide justification
for the degree of involvement that they propose.
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: 10-3e Effects on Schools
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyzing
2. Several researchers have proposed that teachers and the educational system on the whole reward conformity and
adherence to rules, instruction, and regulations. Additionally, teachers tend to frown upon independent or
unconventionallearners.Despitethis,manyoftheforemost“minds”oftodaydemonstratecreativeandinnovative
thinking. As an educator how might you address this dichotomy?
ANSWER: Answers will vary widely. Respondents should address points made by Jackson and
Goodlad. Answers should address the issue of rewarding good behavior and lack of
disruptiveness while granting students room for creativity, independent thought, and the
exploration of new ideas and possibilities. Students might bring up individuals such as
Steve Jobs and Bill Gates, entrepreneurs and innovators who stressed creativity and
unorthodox manners of thinking as means of achieving success.
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: 10-1d School Culture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyzing
3. An individual who is prepared to function first as a young person and then as an adult is
a. acculturated. b. adjusted.
c. assimilated. d. socialized.
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10 Culture, Socialization, and Education
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10 – Culture, Socialization, and Education
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
4. Which of the following may contribute to the increase in suicide rates among children in the United States?
a. influence of mass media b. increase in religious values
c. low standards in school d. nuclear family
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-3b Suicide
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
5. Which social institution has been identified as having become less influential as a socializing force over the past
several decades?
a. peer groups b. mass media
c. church d. family
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1 Agents of Socialization
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
6. A major contributing factor to the number of latchkey children is the increase in the number of
a. community support groups. b. day-care centers.
c. two-parent households. d. working mothers.
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1b Poverty, Marriage, and Parenting Problems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
7. Drug and alcohol use by teenagers in the United States ________________ other industrialized nations.
a. is equal to b. is less than
c. is unable to be compared to d. far surpasses
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: 10-3a Drugs and Drinking
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
8. Hurried child syndrome may result when parents of young children overemphasize
a. formal instruction. b. instructional games.
c. physical development. d. socialization.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1b Poverty, Marriage, and Parenting Problems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
9. In school, overindulged children may
a. exhibit a mature attitude.
b. become frustrated easily.
c. exhibit increased interest in academic subjects.
d. perform beyond expectations.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1b Poverty, Marriage, and Parenting Problems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
10. Often, homeless children who attend school
a. become easily frustrated.
b. have low academic achievement.
c. maintain good relations with other students.
d. try to establish a close friendship with the teacher.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1b Poverty, Marriage, and Parenting Problems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
11. A nuclear family can be described as one that
a. includes two parents living with their children.
b. is held together by strong family values.
c. lives in the center of a city.
d. lives near the children’s school.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1b Poverty, Marriage, and Parenting Problems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
12. Given current social conditions and trends, which of the following statements about Sam, a hypothetical twelve-year-
old boy, is most likely to be true?
a. Sam’s parents spend more time with him than their parents spent with them as children.
b. Sam’s friends influence him more than his parents’ friends influenced them as children.
c. Sam is less involved in extracurricular activities than his parents were at the same age.
d. The“hiddencurriculum”atSam’sschoolislesslikelytoemphasizepassivecompliancethanthecultureofthe
schools his parents attended.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1c The Peer Group
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
13. According to Coleman’s study in 1961, students with high prestige in high school include
a. only those who are athletes. b. only those who own nice cars.
c. physically attractive students only. d. all of the above.
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1c The Peer Group
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
14. Teachers can help improve or increase students’ aspirations by encouraging them to participate in
a. extracurricular activities. b. community projects.
c. computer classes. d. home-study groups.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1c The Peer Group
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
15. When dealing with bullies, a school might best
a. apply behavioral contracts.
b. organize more physical activities.
c. include more manipulative instructional activities.
d. apply corporal punishment.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1c The Peer Group
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
16. According to much of the research on student roles, which of the following children is most likely to be perceived by
teachersasa“model”student?
a. Angelina, an advanced student who is always looking for more things to do and learn
b. Van, who actively participates in all class discussions
c. Joy, who quietly and efficiently does everything she’s told to do
d. Becky, a very expressive, creative student with a flair for drama
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1d School Culture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
17. Studies indicate that active, independent learners are sometimes
a. disruptive in the classroom.
b. rejected by teachers.
c. seen by other students as class leaders.
d. used by teachers to lead various activities.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1d School Cultures
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
18. Typical elementary classroom procedures are primarily designed to
a. emphasize educational concepts.
b. maintain good student-teacher relationships.
c. prevent disturbances.
d. provide maximum instructional time.
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1d School Culture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
19. Women currently constitute ______________ percent of college enrollment.
a. 20 b. 40
c. 60 d. 80
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 102b Educational and Occupational Attainment of Women
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.02 – Discuss how sex roles and sex differences influence learning
and achievem
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
20. Institutional and social realities encourage students to
a. be conforming in their behavior. b. become independent thinkers.
c. develop dependence on the teacher. d. maintain good study habits.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Medium
REFERENCES: 10-1d School Culture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
21. Because of the numerous professional demands placed on teachers, educators are calling for
a. additional teacher aides.
b. more parental involvement.
c. recognition of the efforts of teachers.
d. reduction in teaching loads.
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1d School Culture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
22. Based on the research of John Goodlad, when students were asked, “What is the one best thing about this school?”
students most often replied,
a. “School spirit.” b. “The teachers.”
c. “My friends.” d. “Certain classes.”
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1c The Peer Group
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
23. The percentage of births to teen mothers outside of wedlock has increased from 15 percent in 1960 to _________
percent in the past decade.
a. 20 b. 40
c. 70 d. 90
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-3c Teen Pregnancy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
24. Children’s aggressive behavior after watching violence on television has been shown to
a. be dependent on situational factors.
b. decrease after nature shows, even if violence is included.
c. increase after violent shows.
d. increase with excessive television viewing.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Medium
REFERENCES: 10-1e Television and Digital Media
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
25. Studies show that television can have a positive effect on
a. creative thinking. b. development of values.
c. socialization. d. all of the above.
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1e Television and Digital Media
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
26. Problems with violence and delinquency are particularly acute among _________________.
a. African American males b. African American females
c. males only d. Hispanic males
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-3d Delinquency and Violence
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
27. Because teachers reward passive behavior, elementary-school boys often
a. develop critical-thinking skills. b. express leadership abilities.
c. excel in language arts. d. exhibit high rates of alienation.
ANSWER: d
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-2 Gender Roles and Sex Differences and Outcomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.02 – Discuss how sex roles and sex differences influence learning
and achievem
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
28. The peer group behavior of boys and girls at the elementary and junior-high levels stresses
a. competitive behavior for girls.
b. increasingly cooperative roles for boys.
c. traditional role expectations for boys and girls.
d. all of the above.
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-2 Gender Roles and Sex Differences and Outcomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.02 – Discuss how sex roles and sex differences influence learning
and achievem
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
29. Drug and alcohol use by school-age children may
a. be perceived as academically beneficial by young people.
b. impede their transition to adult life.
c. result in their increased interest in health classes.
d. ultimately lead to increased academic performance.
ANSWER: b
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-3a Drugs and Drinking
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
30. Young people who are deeply troubled and who may consider suicide
a. may withdraw from friends and family.
b. represent a lower proportion of students than 60 years ago.
c. may surprisingly improve in their academic work.
d. typically do not show warning signs.
ANSWER: a
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-3b Suicide
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
31. In the past decade, nearly ________children have been killed in or around schools due to violent behavior.
a. 50 b. 100
c. 200 d. 400
ANSWER: c
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-3c Effects on School
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
32. Discuss how the norms of society are maintained and passed on to the next generation in a school setting.
ANSWER: Norms are the rules of behavior of society. Within a school setting, the norms of
society are maintained primarily through rules, procedures, and rituals that govern
student behavior in the classroom and in the school.
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: 10-2 Gender Roles and Sex Differences and Outcomes
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.02 – Discuss how sex roles and sex differences influence learning
and achievem
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyzing
33. How pervasive is the problem of child abuse and neglect, and what are the potential problems that abused children
might face in their subsequent years?
ANSWER: Nearly one million children face neglect, sexual mistreatment, or physical
violence. Because they tend to experience emotional, intellectual, and social
development problems, victims of these crimes tend, as adults, to have relatively high
rates of alcohol and drug abuse, criminal behavior, learning disorders, and psychiatric
disorders. These problems may be compounded by the fact that a large number of
abuse victims also live in poverty. In many cases the cycle is repeated to the next
generation and the behavior continues.
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: 10-1b Poverty, Marriage, and Parenting Problems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
34. How do changes in the family makeup influence the way in which the educational system approaches the family
unit?
ANSWER: Thetraditional“nuclear”familyisathingofthepastandmanychangeswithsingle
households, grandparents, foster parents, adoption etc. have caused the educational
system to rethink the way it approaches the family unit and what services need to be
provided to help support teacher roles. Additional support, education, and
communication needs to be provided to a more extended population in order to
coordinate services that are in the best interest of the child.
DIFFICULTY: Difficult
REFERENCES: 10-1b Poverty, Marriage, and Parenting Problems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
35. How can teachers adjust their behavior or select instructional activities in an effort to recognize the importance of
the peer group?
ANSWER: Teachers can promote positive peer interaction by selecting activities in which students
learn and work together, by stressing cooperative work whenever possible, by
structuring opportunities for social interaction, by encouraging students to exchange
information with peers, and by choosing other approaches outlined in the chapter.
DIFFICULTY: Medium
REFERENCES: 10-1c The Peer Group
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
36. What effects do extracurricular activities have on young children?
ANSWER: Thesocialnetworkandpeercultureplayalargeroleinthedevelopmentofone’s
self. The extended activities provide the needed connection to children of the same
age, interest and development.
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-1c The Peer Group
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.01 – Summarize how families, peer groups, school cultures, and
electronic media contribute to the socialization of children and youth.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
37. Identify ways in which boys and girls are disadvantaged by sex-role stereotypes that might be promoted in schools.
ANSWER: Boysfinditdifficulttoconformtothe“feminine”normsofpoliteness,cleanliness,and
obedience that are valued in school. Consequently, they have a relatively high rate of
alienation and frequently break school rules. Girls generally are encouraged into
passive roles, which may lead to selection of service careers that tend to be associated
with low status and salary. Girls receive less encouragement to learn skills that would
lead to success in the fields of math and science.
DIFFICULTY: Medium
REFERENCES: 10-2a Sex Difference in Achievement and Ability
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.02 – Discuss how sex roles and sex differences influence learning
and achievem
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
38. What still needs to be done to help improve educational opportunities and equity for female students?
ANSWER: The following approaches could be discussed: incorporate gender issues in teacher
training; monitor gender equity in vocational education; eliminate gender bias in
standardized tests; increase representation of females in instructional materials; protect
the rights of pregnant girls; introduce “gender-fair” curricula; encourage girls to
participate in math, science, and technology courses; and encourage positive self-
esteem in female students.
DIFFICULTY: Medium
REFERENCES: 10-2a Sex Differences in Achievement and Ability
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.02 – Discuss how sex roles and sex differences influence learning
and achievem
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
39. What factors seem to have contributed to the increase in the percentage of births to teenage mothers that occur out
of wedlock?
ANSWER: These include greater social acceptance of teenage sexuality, earlier and more
frequent sexual intercourse, lack of potential marriage partners, a decline in community
and parental influence over the young, and the assumption by social agencies of the
responsibility for helping younger mothers.
DIFFICULTY: Easy
REFERENCES: 10-3c Teenage Pregnancy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FOED.ORNS.17.10.03 – Describe how schools have been affected by adolescent and
youth culture.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding