When a good is nonexcludable, then individuals
a. will purchase the good for more than what it cost to produce the good.
b. can obtain the benefits of the good without paying for it.
c. have an incentive to become free riders.
d. will purchase more than the optimum amount.
e. b and c
In the case of a negative externality, the socially optimal output naturally exists if
a. the external costs associated with the negative externality are extremely small.
b. the external costs divided by price is equal to price divided by marginal private cost.
c. there are no free riders.
d. the public good aspects of the negative externality outweigh the costs incurred by the
negative externality.
e. none of the above