1) The equilibrium interest rate:
A.affects both the size of total output and its composition.
B.falls when the demand for loanable funds increases.
C.determines the composition of R&D spending but not its total amount.
D.increases when the expected rate of return on R&D spending falls.
2) fiscal policy:
a.is enacted by the nation’s central bank (the federal reserve in the u.s.).
b.refers to government spending and taxation policies aimed at promoting price stability
and full employment.
c.directly raises or lowers the level of interest rates to promote levels of spending
consistent with full employment and price stability.
d.is only used to reduce unemployment rates that are too high.
3) Other things equal, a decrease in the real interest rate will:
A.expand investment and shift the AD curve to the left.
B.expand investment and shift the AD curve to the right.
C.reduce investment and shift the AD curve to the left.
D.reduce investment and shift the AD curve to the right.
4) Where there is asymmetric information between buyers and sellers.
A.product shortages will occur at the equilibrium price.
B.product surpluses will occur at the equilibrium price.
C.markets can produce inefficient outcomes.
D.markets will fail due to the “free-rider problem.”
5) answer the next question(s) on the basis of the following data. all figures are in
billions of dollars.