11) suppose the total monetary value of all final goods and services produced in a
particular country in 2008 is $500 billion and the total monetary value of final goods
and services sold is $450 billion. we can conclude that:
a.gdp in 2008 is $450 billion.
b.ndp in 2008 is $450 billion.
c.gdp in 2008 is $500 billion.
d.inventories in 2008 fell by $50 billion.
12) suppose losses cause industry x to contract and, as a result, the prices of relevant
inputs decline. industry x is:
a.a constant-cost industry.
b.a decreasing-cost industry.
c.an increasing-cost industry.
d.encountering x-inefficiency.
13) Other things equal, a decrease in the price level will:
A.shift the aggregate supply curve to the left.
B.shift the aggregate demand curve to the left.
C.cause a movement up a short-run aggregate supply curve.
D.cause a movement down an aggregate supply curve.
14) dash airlines is considering the addition of a flight from red cloud to david city. the
total cost of the flight would be $1,100, of which $800 are fixed costs already incurred.
expected revenues from the flight are $600. dash should:
a.not add this flight because only flights which cover their full costs are profitable.
b.not add this flight because it is not profitable at the margin.
c.add this flight because marginal revenue exceeds marginal costs.
d.not add this flight because total costs exceed total revenue.