5) The marginal cost to society of reducing pollution rises with increases in pollution
abatement because of the law of:
A.diminishing marginal utility.
B.conservation of matter and energy.
C.demand.
6) recently a labor union argued that the standard of living of its members was falling. a
critic of the union argued that this could not possibly be true because the union had
been acquiring increases in the nominal incomes of its members through collective
bargaining. is the critic correct?
a.yes, because when you have a large nominal income your standard of living
automatically increases.
b.no, because real income may fall if prices increase more proportionately than the
increase in nominal income.
c.no, because real income may fall if prices increase less proportionately than the
increases in nominal income.
d.yes, because real income may fall if prices increase less proportionately than the
increases in nominal income.
7) In an aggregate expenditures diagram equal increases in government spending and in
lump-sum taxes will:
A.shift the aggregate expenditures line downward.
B.shift the aggregate expenditures line upward.
C.not affect the aggregate expenditures line.
D.reduce the equilibrium GDP.
8) value added refers to:
a.any increase in gdp that has been adjusted for adverse environmental effects.
b.the excess of gross investment over net investment.
c.the difference between the value of a firm’s output and the value of the inputs it has
purchased from others.
d.the portion of any increase in gdp that is caused by inflation as opposed to an increase
in real output.